Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 pathophysiology
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Differentiating Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Natural History
Although many different types of hormone-producing tumors are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia, the most common sign of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is a form of thyroid cancer called medullary thyroid carcinoma. This tumor secretes an inactive hormone called calcitonin. Many people with this disorder also develop pheochromocytoma, which is a tumor of the adrenal glands (located above each kidney) that can cause dangerously high blood pressure. In addition, overactivity of the parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism) occurs in some cases of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Hyperparathyroidism disrupts the normal balance of calcium in the blood, which can lead to kidney stones, thinning of bones, weakness, and fatigue.