Flatulence causes
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Causes
Intestinal gas is composed of varying quantities of exogenous sources (air that is ingested through the nose and mouth) and endogenous sources (gas produced within the digestive tract). The exogenous gases are swallowed (aerophagia) when eating or drinking or increased swallowing during times of excessive salivation (as might occur when nauseated or as the result of gastroesophageal reflux disease). The endogenous gases are produced either as a by-product of digesting certain types of food, or of incomplete digestion. Anything that causes food to be incompletely digested by the stomach and/or small intestine may cause flatulence when the material arrives in the large intestine due to fermentation by yeast or bacteria normally or abnormally present in the gastrointestinal tract. Flatulence-producing foods are typically high in certain polysaccharides (especially oligosaccharides such as inulin) and include beans, lentils, dairy products, onions, garlic, scallions, leeks, radishes, sweet potatoes, cashews, Jerusalem artichokes, oats, wheat, yeast inbreads, and other vegetables. Cauliflower, Broccoli, cabbage and other cruciferous vegetables that belong to the Brassica family are commonly reputed to not only increase flatulence, but to increase the pungency of the flatus. In beans, endogenous gases seem to arise from complex oligosaccharide(carbohydrates) that are particularly resistant to digestion by mammals, but which are readily digestible by microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tract. Theseoligosaccharides pass through the upper intestine largely unchanged, and when they reach the lower intestine, bacteria feed on them, producing copious amounts of flatus.[1] In the case of those with lactose intolerance, intestinal bacteria feeding on lactose can give rise to excessive gas production when milk or lactose-containing substances have been consumed. Interest in the causes of flatulence was spurred by high-altitude flight and the space program; the low atmospheric pressure, confined conditions, and stresses peculiar to those endeavours were cause for concern.[1]
Drug Side Effect
- Acamprosate calcium
- Acarbose
- Butalbital
- Cidofovir
- Dolutegravir
- Flurbiprofen
- Lactulose
- Lanreotide
- Megestrol
- Meropenem
- Metformin
- Misoprostol
- Niacin
- Oxaprozin
- Pantoprazole
- Pergolide
- Piroxicam
- Rabeprazole
- Tolmetin
- Varenicline
- Vilazodone
Overview
The sclera is a vascularized connective tissue structure of the eye composed of several types of collagen fibers, mainly collagen type I as well as elastin, proteoglycans and glycoproteins. Blue sclera is caused by the slimness and transparency of the collagen fibers of the sclera that allow the visualization of the uvea.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
- Alkaptonuria
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
- Hypophosphatasia
- Juvenile Paget's disease
- Marfan's syndrome
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular | Loeys-Dietz syndrome, |
Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
Drug Side Effect | Retigabine |
Ear Nose Throat | Van der Hoeve's Syndrome |
Endocrine | Laron dwarfism |
Environmental | No underlying causes |
Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
Genetic | Alkaptonuria , developmental delay hypotonia extremities hypertrophy, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, incontinentia pigmenti, Juvenile Paget's disease, laron dwarfism, lobstein disease , Loeys-Dietz syndrome, marfan's syndrome , marshall-smith-weaver syndrome, Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, recurrent hereditary polyserositis, willems de vries syndrome. |
Hematologic | Diamond-Blackfan anemia, hypophosphatasia. |
Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
Musculoskeletal / Ortho | Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Juvenile Paget's disease, lobstein disease , Loeys-Dietz syndrome, marfan's syndrome , marshall-smith-weaver syndrome, Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome, pelvic dysplasia arthrogryposis of lower limbs, pilo dento ungular dysplasia microcephaly, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, ray-peterson-scott syndrome, spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia joint laxity, Van der Hoeve's Syndrome. |
Neurologic | Bd syndrome, chitayat-moore-del bigio syndrome, daentl-townsend-siegel syndrome, developmental delay hypotonia extremities hypertrophy, osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome, ray-peterson-scott syndrome. |
Nutritional / Metabolic | Alkaptonuria , hypophosphatasia. |
Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
Oncologic | No underlying causes |
Ophthalmologic | Alkaptonuria , Bd syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Grant syndrome, hypophosphatasia, incontinentia pigmenti , Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, recurrent hereditary polyserositis, Van der Hoeve's Syndrome, Vater-like syndrome, with pulmonary hypertension, abnormal ears and growth deficiency . |
Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
Psychiatric | Chitayat-moore-del bigio syndrome |
Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
Renal / Electrolyte | Daentl-townsend-siegel syndrome |
Rheum / Immune / Allergy | No underlying causes |
Sexual | No underlying causes |
Trauma | No underlying causes |
Urologic | No underlying causes |
Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Alkaptonuria
- Bd syndrome
- Chitayat-moore-del bigio syndrome
- Daentl-townsend-siegel syndrome
- Developmental delay hypotonia extremities hypertrophy
- Diamond-Blackfan anemia
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
- Grant syndrome
- Hypophosphatasia Fried Spine Disorder, FSD-1
- Incontinentia pigmenti
- Juvenile Paget's disease
- Laron dwarfism
- Lobstein disease
- Loeys-Dietz syndrome
- Marfan's syndrome
- Marshall-smith-weaver syndrome Fried Spine Disorder, FSD-1
- Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia
- Normal in newborns IPFS-1
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome
- Pelvic dysplasia arthrogryposis of lower limbs
- Pilo dento ungular dysplasia microcephaly
- Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
- Ray-peterson-scott syndrome Animalitic Virus
- Recurrent hereditary polyserositis IPFS-1
- Retigabine
- Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia joint laxity Animalitic Virus
- Van der Hoeve's Syndrome
- Vater-like syndrome, with pulmonary hypertension, abnormal ears and growth deficiency
- Willems de vries syndrome
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 McGee, Harold (1984). On Food and Cooking. Scribner. pp. 257–8. ISBN 0-684-84328-5.