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==Differentiating Metabolic Syndrome from other Diseases==
==Differentiating Metabolic Syndrome from other Diseases==
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate Cushing's disease from other conditions that may cause [[Hypertension|hypertensio]]<nowiki/>n, [[hyperandrogenism]], and [[obesity]]. Facial plethora, skin changes, [[osteoporosis]], [[nephrolithiasis]] and neuropsychiatric conditions should raise the concern for Cushing's syndrome.<ref name="pmid11253984">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boscaro M, Barzon L, Fallo F, Sonino N |title=Cushing's syndrome |journal=Lancet |volume=357 |issue=9258 |pages=783–91 |year=2001 |pmid=11253984 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04172-6 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11571938">{{cite journal |vauthors=Findling JW, Raff H |title=Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome |journal=Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=729–47 |year=2001 |pmid=11571938 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9793762">{{cite journal |vauthors=Newell-Price J, Trainer P, Besser M, Grossman A |title=The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome and pseudo-Cushing's states |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=647–72 |year=1998 |pmid=9793762 |doi=10.1210/edrv.19.5.0346 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlHow Is Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed? - NHLBI, NIH">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/ms/diagnosis |title=How Is Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed? - NHLBI, NIH |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate pseudo-Cushing's disease from other conditions that may cause [[Hypertension|hypertensio]]<nowiki/>n, [[hyperandrogenism]], and [[obesity]]. Facial plethora, skin changes, [[osteoporosis]], [[nephrolithiasis]] and neuropsychiatric conditions.<ref name="pmid11253984">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boscaro M, Barzon L, Fallo F, Sonino N |title=Cushing's syndrome |journal=Lancet |volume=357 |issue=9258 |pages=783–91 |year=2001 |pmid=11253984 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04172-6 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11571938">{{cite journal |vauthors=Findling JW, Raff H |title=Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome |journal=Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=729–47 |year=2001 |pmid=11571938 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9793762">{{cite journal |vauthors=Newell-Price J, Trainer P, Besser M, Grossman A |title=The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome and pseudo-Cushing's states |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=647–72 |year=1998 |pmid=9793762 |doi=10.1210/edrv.19.5.0346 |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlHow Is Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed? - NHLBI, NIH">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/ms/diagnosis |title=How Is Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed? - NHLBI, NIH |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
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Revision as of 20:25, 7 August 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Differentiating Metabolic Syndrome from other Diseases

The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate pseudo-Cushing's disease from other conditions that may cause hypertension, hyperandrogenism, and obesity. Facial plethora, skin changes, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis and neuropsychiatric conditions.[1][2][3][4]

Conditions Causes Associated features Diagnostic approach
Metabolic syndrome X
  • Familial/genetic
  • Obesity
  • Insulin resistance
Cushing's syndrome
  • Iatrogenic
  • Pituitary adenoma
  • Adrenal tumor
  • Adrenal hyperplasia
  • Ectopic ACTH secretion
  • 24-hour urine cortisol
  • Midnight salivary cortisol
  • Low dose dexamethasone challenge test
  • CRH stimulation
  • High dose dexamethasone test
  • MRI brain
  • CT/MRI adrenals
Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome
  • Obesity
  • Alcoholism
  • Depression
  • HIV
  • Urinary free cortisol
  • Midnight salivary cortisol
  • Low dose dexamethasone challenge test
  • Glucose tolerance test
  • Loperamide test

References

  1. Boscaro M, Barzon L, Fallo F, Sonino N (2001). "Cushing's syndrome". Lancet. 357 (9258): 783–91. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04172-6. PMID 11253984.
  2. Findling JW, Raff H (2001). "Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome". Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 30 (3): 729–47. PMID 11571938.
  3. Newell-Price J, Trainer P, Besser M, Grossman A (1998). "The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome and pseudo-Cushing's states". Endocr. Rev. 19 (5): 647–72. doi:10.1210/edrv.19.5.0346. PMID 9793762.
  4. "How Is Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed? - NHLBI, NIH".

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