COVID-19 Neurologic Complications

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D., Rinky Agnes Botleroo, M.B.B.S., Wajeeha Aiman, M.D.[2]

Overview

Pathophysiology of the Complications in the Nervous System

Mechanism of targetting the Nervous System

Complications in the Central Nervous System

Headache

  • Pathophysiology
    • The exact pathogenesis of headache in COVID 19 patients is not fully understood.
    • It is thought that headache is the result of:
      • Cytokine release
        • There is higher concentration on IL-6 and INF-gamma in patients infected with SARS/ CoV2.
        • Cytokines can disrupt blood brain barrier and cause tissue injury and cerebral edema.
      • Direct invasion
      • Metabolic disturbances
      • Inflammation
      • Dehydration
      • Hypoxia
By Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D. / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Migraine.jpg
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Treatment

Cerebrovascular Accident/Stroke

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Acute Encephalitis

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Viral Meningitis

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Epileptic Seizures

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Encephalopathy

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Complications in the Peripheral Nervous system

Guillain-Barre syndrome

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Anosmia

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Acute Myelitis

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Miller Fischer Sydrome

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Polyneuritis Cranialis

  • Pathophysiology
  • Natural history
  • Sign and symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment

Complications due to medication interaction

1. Statin induced myotoxicity

  • Myalgia, myopathies, rhabdomyolysis

2. 2nd and 3rd degree atrioventricular block

  • Lopinavir/ Ritonavir (Kaltera) (400 mg/100 mg)

3. Prolong QTc interval

  • Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine

4. Myelotoxicity

  • Ribavirin

5. Prolonged PR interval

  • Atazanavir

6. Myelosuppression

7.

References