Acute lymphoblastic leukemia overview: Difference between revisions
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American Cancer Society estimated in 2015 that new cases and deaths from Acute lymphocytic leukemia in the United States will be 6,250 and 1,450 respectively. The age-adjusted prevalence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is 17.4 per 100,000 in 2011. There is an increased incidence in people with Down's Syndrome, Fanconi's anemia, Bloom's syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, X-linked agammaglobulinemia and severe combined immunodeficiency. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for approximately 80 percent of all childhood leukemia cases, making it the most common type of childhood cancer. | American Cancer Society estimated in 2015 that new cases and deaths from Acute lymphocytic leukemia in the United States will be 6,250 and 1,450 respectively. The age-adjusted prevalence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is 17.4 per 100,000 in 2011. There is an increased incidence in people with Down's Syndrome, Fanconi's anemia, Bloom's syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, X-linked agammaglobulinemia and severe combined immunodeficiency. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for approximately 80 percent of all childhood leukemia cases, making it the most common type of childhood cancer. | ||
There are some risk factors associated with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia like: [[Down syndrome]], [[Ataxia telangiectasia]], [[Bloom syndrome]], [[X-linked agammaglobulinemia]], [[Fanconi's anemia]] and [[Severe combined immunodeficiency]]. | |||
In Acute lymphoblastic leukemia there are no standard screening tests for leukemia. | In Acute lymphoblastic leukemia there are no standard screening tests for leukemia. | ||
The overall cure rate in children is 85% and about 50% of adults have long-term disease-free survival. Advancements in medical [[Medical technology|technology]] and [[research]] over the past four decades in the treatment of Acute lymphocytic leukemia has improved the overall prognosis significantly from a | The overall cure rate in children is 85% and about 50% of adults have long-term disease-free survival. Advancements in medical [[Medical technology|technology]] and [[research]] over the past four decades in the treatment of Acute lymphocytic leukemia has improved the overall prognosis significantly from a 0 to 20-75% survival rate. The prognosis for Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia differs between individuals depending on a wide variety of factors like gender, ethnicity, age at diagnosis, morphological, immunological, and genetic subtypes [[Genetic disorder]]s response of patient to initial treatment, central nervous system involvement, celular morphology, chromosomal abnormalities, there are some cytogenetic subtypes have a worse prognosis than others like translocations. The 5-year relative survival of patients with Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia was 70% between 2004 and 2010. | ||
Revision as of 15:11, 27 August 2015
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Microchapters |
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Differentiating Acute lymphoblastic leukemia from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia overview On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute lymphoblastic leukemia overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a form of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells. Acute refers to the undifferentiated, immature state of the circulating lymphocytes ("blasts") and to the rapid progression of disease, which can be fatal in weeks to months if left untreated.
The classification subtyping of the various forms of Acute limphocytic leukemia used to be done according to the French-American-British (FAB) classification which was used for all Acute leukemias (including acute myelogenous leukemia). As Acute lymphocytic leukemia is not a solid tumour, the TxNxMx notation as used in solid cancers only. The recent World Health Organization International panel on Acute lymphoblastic leukemia recommends that this classification be abandoned, since the morphological classification has no clinical or prognostic relevance. But here you can find both classifications for academic and historic porpouses.
The cause of most Acute lympoblastic leukemias is not known. In leukemias, including Acute lymphoblastic leukemia chromosomal translocations occurs regularly and can trigger oncogenes. Some families have a hereditary predisposition. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with exposure to radiation in animals and humans. Malignant, immature white blood cells continuously multiply and are overproduced in the bone marrow. There are specific markers for B-cell Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T-cell Acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Diagnostic confusion with Acute myelogenous leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, and malignant lymphoma is not uncommon. Proper diagnosis is crucial because of the difference in prognosis and treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia and Acute Myelogenous leukemia.
American Cancer Society estimated in 2015 that new cases and deaths from Acute lymphocytic leukemia in the United States will be 6,250 and 1,450 respectively. The age-adjusted prevalence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is 17.4 per 100,000 in 2011. There is an increased incidence in people with Down's Syndrome, Fanconi's anemia, Bloom's syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, X-linked agammaglobulinemia and severe combined immunodeficiency. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia accounts for approximately 80 percent of all childhood leukemia cases, making it the most common type of childhood cancer.
There are some risk factors associated with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia like: Down syndrome, Ataxia telangiectasia, Bloom syndrome, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, Fanconi's anemia and Severe combined immunodeficiency.
In Acute lymphoblastic leukemia there are no standard screening tests for leukemia.
The overall cure rate in children is 85% and about 50% of adults have long-term disease-free survival. Advancements in medical technology and research over the past four decades in the treatment of Acute lymphocytic leukemia has improved the overall prognosis significantly from a 0 to 20-75% survival rate. The prognosis for Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia differs between individuals depending on a wide variety of factors like gender, ethnicity, age at diagnosis, morphological, immunological, and genetic subtypes Genetic disorders response of patient to initial treatment, central nervous system involvement, celular morphology, chromosomal abnormalities, there are some cytogenetic subtypes have a worse prognosis than others like translocations. The 5-year relative survival of patients with Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia was 70% between 2004 and 2010.