Neck of femur fracture classification: Difference between revisions
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| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type I | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type I | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Supcapital [[Bone fracture|fracture]] | ||
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| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | Type II | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | Type II | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Transcervical [[Bone fracture|fracture]] | ||
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| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type III | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type III | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Basicervical [[Bone fracture|fracture]] | ||
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===Garden's Classification=== | ===Garden's Classification=== | ||
* Garden's [[classification]] of neck of femur fracture is most commonly used [[classification]].<ref> Garden RS. Low-angle fixation in fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1961;43-B:647-63. </ref> | * Garden's [[classification]] of neck of femur fracture is most commonly used [[classification]].<ref>Garden RS. Low-angle fixation in fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1961;43-B:647-63. </ref> | ||
* It is based on anterioposterior (AP) radiographs and does not consider lateral or sagittal plane alignment. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type I | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type I | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Incomplete, valgus impacted [[fracture]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type II | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type II | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Complete, nondisplaced [[Bone fracture|fracture]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type III | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type III | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Complete, partially displaced [[Bone fracture|fracture]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type IV | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type IV | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Complete, fully displaced [[Bone fracture|fracture]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pauwel's Classification | ! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pauwel's Classification | ||
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| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type I | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |< 30 degree from horizontal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type II | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |30 to 50 degree from horizontal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Type III | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |> 50 degree from horizontal | ||
|} | |} | ||
===OTA System=== | ===OTA System=== |
Revision as of 21:16, 7 February 2019
Neck of femur fracture Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
There are multiple classifications available for neck of femur fracture. The most common classification systems for neck of femur fracture include Anatomical, Garden's, Pauwel's and AO/OTA classification.
Classification
There are multiple classifications available for neck of femur fracture. The most common classification systems for neck of femur fracture include Anatomical, Garden's, Pauwel's and AO/OTA classification.[1][2]
Anatomical Classification
Schatzker Classification | |
---|---|
Type I | Supcapital fracture |
Type II | Transcervical fracture |
Type III | Basicervical fracture |
Garden's Classification
- Garden's classification of neck of femur fracture is most commonly used classification.[5]
- It is based on anterioposterior (AP) radiographs and does not consider lateral or sagittal plane alignment.
Garden's Classification | |
---|---|
Type I | Incomplete, valgus impacted fracture |
Type II | Complete, nondisplaced fracture |
Type III | Complete, partially displaced fracture |
Type IV | Complete, fully displaced fracture |
Pauwel's Classification
- Pauwel's classified for neck of femur fracture is based on vertical orientation of fracture line.[6]
- Pauwel's angle is defined as the angle formed between the line of a fracture of the neck of the femur and the horizontal on an anterioposterior radiograph.
- The greater the angle, the more unstable the fracture and thus worse the prognosis.
Pauwel's Classification | |
---|---|
Type I | < 30 degree from horizontal |
Type II | 30 to 50 degree from horizontal |
Type III | > 50 degree from horizontal |
OTA System
- AO/ASIF classification is also a widely accepted classification.[7]
- Proximal femur is given the number 31 based on the classification.
- It is further subdivided as:
OTA System | ||
---|---|---|
A | Extra-articular fractures | |
A1 | Avulsion | |
A2 | Metaphyseal simple | |
A3 | Metaphyseal multifragmentary | |
B | Partial articular fractures | |
B1 | Pure split | |
B2 | Pure depression | |
B3 | Split depression | |
C | Complete articular fractures | |
C1 | Articular simple + metaphyseal simple | |
C2 | Articular simple, metaphyseal multifragmentary | |
C3 | Articular multifragmentary |
References
- ↑ Rockwood, Charles (2010). Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781605476773.
- ↑ Azar, Frederick (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 9780323374620.
- ↑ Rockwood, Charles (2010). Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781605476773.
- ↑ Azar, Frederick (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 9780323374620.
- ↑ Garden RS. Low-angle fixation in fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1961;43-B:647-63.
- ↑ Pauwels F. Der Schenkelhalsbruch, ein mechanisches problem. Stuttgart: F. Enke; 1935.
- ↑ ME Muller, S Nazarian, P Koch. Classification AO des fractures. 1 Les os longs. Springler-Verlag, Berlin, 1987.