Neck of femur fracture physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
Patients with neck of femur fracture usually appears well. Physical examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually remarkable for swelling, tenderness, bruises, ecchymosis, deformity and restricted range of motion of the leg.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually remarkable for swelling, tenderness, bruises, ecchymosis, deformity and restricted range of motion of the leg.
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Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with neck of femur fracture usually appears well.
Vital Signs
- Weak pulse may be seen when associated with polytrauma.
- Low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure may be present due to compound fracture with blood loss.
Skin
- Skin examination of patients with neck of femur fracture includes:
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is normal.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
Heart
- Cardiovascular examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
Abdomen
- Abdominal examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
Back
- Back examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with neck of femur fracture is usually normal.
- However, some patients may develop neuropraxia of the common peroneal nerve resulting in decreased sensation of toes, foot and leg.
Extremities
- Hip examination of patients with neck of femur fracture include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Swelling
- Shortening
- Tenderness
- Deformity in the form of flexion, aabduction and external rotation
- Knee Dislocation
- Restricted range of motion
- Tingling and decreased sensation of toes, foot and leg
- Decreased sensation over the shin and the calf can be due to nerve injury
- Weakness in leg
References
- ↑ Handoll HH, Parker MJ (2008). "Conservative versus operative treatment for hip fractures in adults". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD000337. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000337.pub2. PMID 18646065.
- ↑ Shivji FS, Green VL, Forward DP (2015). "Anatomy, classification and treatment of intracapsular hip fractures". Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 76 (5): 290–5. doi:10.12968/hmed.2015.76.5.290. PMID 25959941.
- ↑ Rockwood, Charles (2010). Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781605476773.
- ↑ Azar, Frederick (2017). Campbell's operative orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 9780323374620.
- ↑ Rashidifard CH, Romeo NM, Muccino P, Richardson M, DiPasquale TG (2017). "Palliative Management of Nonoperative Femoral Neck Fractures With Continuous Peripheral Pain Catheters: 20 Patient Case Series". Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 8 (1): 34–38. doi:10.1177/2151458516683226. PMC 5315249. PMID 28255509.