Addison's disease history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 01:11, 15 August 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

History and Symptoms

Symptoms

Addison disease often has an insidious onset. In many cases the disease is only recognized when the patient presents with an acute crisis precipitated by a stressful illness or situation. Acute adrenal insufficiency should be considered in patients presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, hypotension, and fever.

Common Symptoms

Weakness
Chronic fatigue
Weight loss
Anorexia
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Intolerance of temperature extremes
Abdominal pain
Amenorrhea in females
Craving for salty foods
Depression
Dizziness

Symptoms of Addisonian crisis

Symptoms of Addisonian crisis include:

Dizziness, generalized weakness (fatigue)
Anorexia
Sharp, sudden pain in the abdomen, legs, or lower back
Severe vomiting and diarrhea
Development of dehydration
Loss of consciousness

References

Template:WH Template:WS

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==History and Symptoms==
 ===Symptoms===
-Characteristics of the disease are:
+Addison disease often has an insidious onset. In many cases the disease is only recognized when the patient presents with an acute crisis precipitated by a stressful illness or situation. Acute adrenal insufficiency should be considered in patients presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, hypotension, and fever.
-{| class="wikitable"
+===Common Symptoms===
-!Type of presentation
+*Weakness
-!Harmone deficiency
+*Chronic fatigue
-!Common symptoms
+*Weight loss
-!Less common symptoms
+*Anorexia
-|-
+*Nausea
-|Acute adrenal insufficiency
+*Vomiting
-|Mainly cortisol
+*Diarrhea
-|
+*Intolerance of temperature extremes
-* Sudden penetrating pain in the lower back, abdomen, or legs
+*Abdominal pain
-* Severe [[vomiting]] and [[diarrhea]]
+*Amenorrhea in females
-* [[Dehydration]]
+*Craving for salty foods
-* Low blood pressure - [[dizziness]] and [[fainting]]
+*Depression
-* [[Loss of consciousness]]
+*Dizziness
-|In acute adrenal hemorrhage,
+===Symptoms of Addisonian crisis===
-* Deteriorates with sudden collapse,
+Symptoms of Addisonian crisis include:
-* Abdominal or flank pain,
+*Dizziness, generalized weakness (fatigue)
-* Nausea with or without hyperpyrexia.
+*Anorexia
-|-
+*Sharp, sudden pain in the abdomen, legs, or lower back
-| rowspan="2" |Chronic adrenal insufficiency
+*Severe vomiting and diarrhea
-|Primary: Both glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid
+*Development of dehydration
-| rowspan="2" |
+*Loss of consciousness
-* Hyperpigmentation (prominent on the sun-exposed areas of the skin, extensor surfaces, knuckles, elbows, knees)
-* Progressive weakness, fatigue, poor appetite, and weight loss.
-* Nausea, vomiting, and occasional diarrhea.
-* [[Myalgia|Muscle pains]]
-* [[Arthralgia|Joint pains]]
-| rowspan="2" |
-|-
-|Secondary: Glucorticoid
-|}
-{| class="wikitable"
-!Symptoms
-!Pathophysiology
-!
-!
-|-
-|Hyperpigmentation
-|Stimulant effect of excess ACTH on the melanocytes to produce melanin
-|
-|
-|-
-|Dizziness with orthostasis
-|
-* Volume depletion, loss of the mineralocorticoid effect of aldosterone,
-* Loss of the permissive effect of cortisol in enhancing the vasopressor effect of the catecholamines.
-|
-|
-|-
-|Myalgias and flaccid muscle paralysis
-|Hyperkalemia
-|
-|
-|-
-|Amenorrhea
-|Combined effect of weight loss and chronic ill health or secondary to premature autoimmune ovarian failure
-|
-|
-|}
 ==References==