Acute myeloid leukemia historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shyam Patel [2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
- In 130-200 AD, Galen first used the term 'cancer.' This included hematologic and solid malignancies.
- In 1674, Van Leeuwenhoek was the first scientist to describe red blood cells.
- In 1749, Joseph Lieutaud, a French anatomist, described what he called 'the globuli albicantes’, which later came to be known as white blood cells.
- In 1749, after De Sanc described ‘globules blancs du pus’, it became known that pus and inflammation were related to blood.
- In 1774, William Hewson gave a detailed description of the lymphatic system and lymphocytes.
- In 1846, Dr. Henry Fuller, a physician at St George's Hospital in London, published the first case report of chronic granulocytic leukemia. This was the first recorded use of the microscope to diagnose leukemia in a patient. He noted that the time from the onset of ill health to death was 8 months. He labelled his diagnosis as leucocythaemia.
- In 1857, Nikolaus Friedreich documented the first case of acute leukemia.[1]
- In 1877, Paul Ehrlich performed polychromatophilic stains to classify leukemia into myeloid or lymphoid.[1]
- In 1878, Ernst Neumann described the bone marrow as the origin of leukemia.[1]
- In 1889, Willhelm Ebstein described leukemia as a fast and fatal disease.[1]
- In 1900, Otto Naegeli described the differences between blasts (blood cancer cells) of myeloid versus lymphoid origin.[1]
- In 1914, Theodor Boveri described the role of chromosomal aberrations in the development of cancer. This later became very important to the classification of acute myeloid leukemia, which is largely based on chromosomal abnormalities.[1]
- In 2017, the European Leukemia Net (ELN) classification system was devised to help risk stratify patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
References