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| {{Acute myeloid leukemia}} | | {{Acute myeloid leukemia}} |
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RT}} {{CLG}} | | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} |
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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| Leukemia was first described in 1827 by [[Alfred-Armand-Louis-Marie Velpeau]], a french physician. In 1900 the [[myeloblast]] was first identified in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia.
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| ==Historical Perspective== | | ==Historical Perspective== |
| * The first published description of a case of leukemia in medical literature dates to 1827, when a French physician named [[Alfred-Armand-Louis-Marie Velpeau]] described a 63-year-old florist who developed an illness characterized by [[fever]], [[weakness]], [[nephrolithiasis|urinary stones]], and substantial [[hepatosplenomegaly|enlargement of the liver and spleen]]. Velpeau noted that the blood of this patient had a consistency "like gruel", and speculated that the appearance of the blood was due to white corpuscles.<ref> | | * |
| {{cite book |last = Hoffman |first = Ronald ''et al.'' |title= Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice |year= 2005 |publisher= Elsevier Churchill Livingstone |location= St. Louis, Mo. |edition = 4th. ed. |pages = p. 1071 |id= ISBN 0-443-06629-9}}</ref>
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| * In 1845, a series of patients who died with enlarged spleens and changes in the "colors and consistencies of their blood" was reported by the Edinburgh-based [[pathologist]] J.H. Bennett; he used the term "leucocythemia" to describe this pathological condition.<ref>Bennett JH. Two cases of hypertrophy of the spleen and liver, in which death took place from suppuration of blood. ''Edinburgh Med Surg J.'' (1845)64:413.</ref>
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| * The term "leukemia" was coined by [[Rudolf Virchow]], the renowned German [[pathologist]], in 1856. As a pioneer in the use of the [[light microscope]] in pathology, Virchow was the first to describe the abnormal excess of white blood cells in patients with the clinical syndrome described by Velpeau and Bennett. As Virchow was uncertain of the [[etiology|cause]] of the white blood cell excess, he used the purely descriptive term "leukemia" (Greek: "white blood") to refer to the condition.<ref>Virchow R: Die Leukämie. In Virchow R (ed): Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medizin. Frankfurt, Meidinger, 1856, p 190.</ref>
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| * [[Wilhelm Ebstein]] introduced the term ''"acute leukemia"'' in 1889 to differentiate rapidly progressive and fatal leukemias from the more indolent [[chronic leukemia]]s.<ref>Ebstein W. Ueber die acute Leukämie und Pseudoleukämie. ''Deutsch Arch Klin Med''. (1889)44:343.</ref>
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| * The technique of [[bone marrow examination]] to diagnose leukemia was first described in 1879 by Mosler.<ref>Mosler F. Klinische Symptome und Therapie der medullären Leukämie. ''Berl Klin Wochenschr''. (1876)13:702. </ref>
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| * Finally, in 1900 the [[myeloblast]], which is the malignant cell in acute myeloid leukemia, was characterized by Naegeli, who divided the leukemias into ''myeloid'' and ''lymphocytic''.<ref>Naegeli O. Über rothes Knochenmark und Myeloblasten. ''Deutsch Med Wochenschr''. (1900) 26:287.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Zhen-yi, Wang |title = Ham-Wasserman Lecture: Treatment of Acute Leukemia by Inducing Differentiation and Apoptosis | year=2003 | journal = Hematology | pmid = 14633774}}</ref>
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| ==References== | | ==References== |