Acute diarrhea epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
'''In the US''': | '''In the US''': | ||
* From 1996 to 2003, Center for Disease Control’s Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducted four 12-month random population-based surveys. The overall weighted prevalence for acute diarrheal illness | * From 1996 to 2003, Center for Disease Control’s Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducted four 12-month random population-based surveys. A total of 52 840 interviews were completed. The overall weighted prevalence for acute diarrheal illness corresponded to 0·6 episodes per person per year. PMCID: PMC2870567 | ||
'''International''': | '''International''': | ||
* | * A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 estimated that there were 2.39 billion episodes of diarrhea for the year 2015, of which 957.5 million occurred in children younger than 5 years. PMCID: PMC5589208 | ||
* It also reported that from 2005 to 2015, diarrhea incidence decreased by 10.4% in children under-5 and by 5.9% among all ages and both rates of change were less than the declines in mortality rates. PMCID: PMC5589208 | * It also reported that from 2005 to 2015, diarrhea incidence decreased by 10.4% in children under-5 and by 5.9% among all ages and both rates of change were less than the declines in mortality rates. PMCID: PMC5589208 | ||
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===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
* | *Acute diarrheal illness | ||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
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*was slightly different between boys (74·1 deaths [64·4–85·1] per 100 000) and girls | *was slightly different between boys (74·1 deaths [64·4–85·1] per 100 000) and girls | ||
===Region=== | ===Region=== | ||
Morbidity and mortality from diarrhea differs by location. | * Morbidity and mortality from diarrhea differs by location. | ||
* The highest rates of under-5 mortality due to diarrhea was noted in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, in particular in Chad (594 deaths per 100 000) and Niger (485 deaths per 100 000). However, due to their moderate-to-high burden and large populations, India (105 000 deaths) and Nigeria (103 000 deaths) combined had 42% of the 499 000 global under-5 deaths due to diarrhea in 2015. | * The highest rates of under-5 mortality due to diarrhea was noted in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, in particular in Chad (594 deaths per 100 000) and Niger (485 deaths per 100 000). However, due to their moderate-to-high burden and large populations, India (105 000 deaths) and Nigeria (103 000 deaths) combined had 42% of the 499 000 global under-5 deaths due to diarrhea in 2015. | ||
Revision as of 15:42, 8 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
In the US:
- From 1996 to 2003, Center for Disease Control’s Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducted four 12-month random population-based surveys. A total of 52 840 interviews were completed. The overall weighted prevalence for acute diarrheal illness corresponded to 0·6 episodes per person per year. PMCID: PMC2870567
International:
- A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 estimated that there were 2.39 billion episodes of diarrhea for the year 2015, of which 957.5 million occurred in children younger than 5 years. PMCID: PMC5589208
- It also reported that from 2005 to 2015, diarrhea incidence decreased by 10.4% in children under-5 and by 5.9% among all ages and both rates of change were less than the declines in mortality rates. PMCID: PMC5589208
Prevalence
- In the US, approximately 179 million cases of acute gastroenteritis including 47.8 million cases of food-borne illness, occur each year. PMID: 24738670 PMID: 22454468
Mortality rate
- In 2015, diarrhea was responsible for 1.31 million deaths across the globe. The mortality rate estimated for all ages was 17.8 deaths per 100 000 of population. PMCID: PMC5589208
- Global mortality rate for children (<5 years) in 2015 was 74·3 deaths per 100 000 of population and was slightly different between boys (74·1 deaths per 100 000) and girls (74·5 deaths per 100 000). PMCID: PMC5589208
Age
- Acute diarrheal illness
Race
- In general there is no racial predilection to acute diarrhea.
Gender
- was slightly different between boys (74·1 deaths [64·4–85·1] per 100 000) and girls
Region
- Morbidity and mortality from diarrhea differs by location.
- The highest rates of under-5 mortality due to diarrhea was noted in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, in particular in Chad (594 deaths per 100 000) and Niger (485 deaths per 100 000). However, due to their moderate-to-high burden and large populations, India (105 000 deaths) and Nigeria (103 000 deaths) combined had 42% of the 499 000 global under-5 deaths due to diarrhea in 2015.