Rhabdomyoma history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nima Nasiri, M.D.[2]

Overview

Rhabdomyoma is a benign tumor of striated muscle. Rhabdomyomas are rare and can be classified into cardiac type and extracardiac type.The most common primary benign pediatric tumor of the heart is cardiac rhabdomyoma which can be seen mainly in fetal life and children, second most common primary benign cardiac tumor in children is fibroma. Most tumors regress spontaneously, prognosis depends on the location of tumor and size. Cardiac rhabdomyoma is strongly associated with tuberous sclerosis. Cardiac rhabdomyoma is seen almost always in the pediatric age group and is associated with tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, and sebaceous adenomas. Extracardiac rhabdomyoma can be divided into three groups (adult, fetal, and genital types) with distinct clinical and morphological differences. The adult type is a slowly growing mass which typically involves the head and neck. Fetal type is seen in the head and neck region. The genital type is almost always found in the vulvovaginal region of older women. Treatment of adult type rhabdomyoma of head and neck depends upon the severity of clinical symptoms. Conservative management or surgery may be necessary depending upon the type and tumor stage.

History and symptoms

  • Symptoms of genital rhabdomyoma may include the following:
  • Symptoms of cardiac rhabdomyoma may include the following:

Refrences

  1. Barnes BT, Procaccini D, Crino J, Blakemore K, Sekar P, Sagaser KG, Jelin AC, Gaur L (May 2018). "Maternal Sirolimus Therapy for Fetal Cardiac Rhabdomyomas". N. Engl. J. Med. 378 (19): 1844–1845. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1800352. PMC 6201692. PMID 29742370.
  2. Becker AE (2000). "Primary heart tumors in the pediatric age group: a review of salient pathologic features relevant for clinicians". Pediatr Cardiol. 21 (4): 317–23. doi:10.1007/s002460010071. PMID 10865004.
  3. Smythe JF, Dyck JD, Smallhorn JF, Freedom RM (1990). "Natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infancy and childhood". Am J Cardiol. 66 (17): 1247–9. PMID 2239731.
  4. Altissimi G, Ralli M, Sementilli G, Fiorentino F, Ciofalo A, Greco A, de Vincentiis M, Corsi A, Cianfrone G (2017). "Adult-Type Rhabdomyoma of the Larynx: Clinicopathologic Study of an Uncommon Tumor in a Rare Location". Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2017: 7186768. doi:10.1155/2017/7186768. PMC 5727691. PMID 29318074.
  5. Lee JP, Blake Sullivan C, Bayon R, Shearer AE, Robinson RA (December 2018). "Adult type rhabdomyoma presenting as a parathyroid adenoma". Head Neck. doi:10.1002/hed.25419. PMID 30537102.
  6. Bosi G, Lintermans JP, Pellegrino PA, Svaluto-Moreolo G, Vliers A (1996). "The natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma with and without tuberous sclerosis". Acta Paediatr. 85 (8): 928–31. PMID 8863873.
  7. Jacobs JP, Konstantakos AK, Holland FW, Herskowitz K, Ferrer PL, Perryman RA (1994). "Surgical treatment for cardiac rhabdomyomas in children". Ann Thorac Surg. 58 (5): 1552–5. PMID 7979700.