Economy class syndrome

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Economy class syndrome is the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis in air travelers.^[1] The term was first coined in the late 1980s^[2] when it turned out that people who had traveled long distances by plane were at an increased risk for thrombosis, especially deep venous thrombosis and its main complication, pulmonary embolism. Although all these diseases had been recognised for a long time, the possibility of litigation against airline companies brought them into the limelight when this "syndrome" was reported.

Cause

The mechanism for thrombosis in travellers is probably due to a combination of immobilisation, dehydration and underlying factors. Patients with disease that predisposes them for thrombosis, such as antiphospholipid syndrome or cancer, are probably at a much greater risk. The highest risk groups include the elderly, pregnant women, those suffering serious medical conditions such as cancer and those with recent orthopedic surgery (legs or knees).

Prevention

Prevention consists of adequate hydration^[1](drinking, abstaining from alcoholic beverages and caffeine), moving around and calf muscle exercises^[1]. In patients with a known predisposition for thrombosis, aspirin is often prescribed, as this acts as a mild anticoagulant. Severe risk for thrombosis can prompt a physician to prescribe injections with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), a form of prophylaxis already in common use in hospital patients.

There is clinical evidence to suggest that wearing compression socks whilst traveling also reduces the incidence of thrombosis in people on long haul flights. A randomised study in 2001 compared two sets of long haul airline passengers, one set wore MediUK mediven travel compression hosiery the others did not. The passengers were all scanned and blood tested to check for the incidence of DVT. The results showed that asymptomatic DVT occurred in 10% of the passengers who did not wear compression socks. The group wearing compression had no DVTs. The authors concluded that wearing elastic compression hosiery reduces the incidence of DVT in long haul airline passengers.^[3]

See also

• Deep vein thrombosis

References

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2} Philbrick JT, Shumate R, Siadaty MS, Becker DM (2007). "Air travel and venous thromboembolism: a systematic review". Journal of general internal medicine : official journal of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine 22 (1): 107–14. doi:10.1007/s11606-006-0016-0. PMID 17351849.
2. ↑ Cruickshank JM, Gorlin R, Jennett B. Air travel and thrombotic episodes: the economy class syndrome. Lancet 1988;2(8609):497-8. PMID 2900413.
3. ↑ Scurr JH, Machin SJ, Bailey-King S, Mackie IJ, McDonald S, Smith PD (2001). "Frequency and prevention of symptomless deep-vein thrombosis in long-haul flights: a randomised trial". Lancet 357 (9267): 1485–9. PMID 11377600.

External links

• J Scurr Lancet study summary
• mediUK travel clinical evidence
• Victims of Air Related DVT Association

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Economy class syndrome
Articles on Economy class syndrome	Most recent articles on Economy class syndrome • Most cited articles on Economy class syndrome • Review articles on Economy class syndrome • Articles on Economy class syndrome in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Economy class syndrome	Powerpoint slides on Economy class syndrome • Images of Economy class syndrome • Photos of Economy class syndrome • Podcasts & MP3s on Economy class syndrome • Videos on Economy class syndrome
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Economy class syndrome	Cochrane Collaboration on Economy class syndrome • Bandolier on Economy class syndrome • TRIP on Economy class syndrome
Cost Effectiveness of Economy class syndrome	Cost Effectiveness of Economy class syndrome
Clinical Trials Involving Economy class syndrome	Ongoing Trials on Economy class syndrome at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Economy class syndrome • Clinical Trials on Economy class syndrome at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Economy class syndrome	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Economy class syndrome • NICE Guidance on Economy class syndrome • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Economy class syndrome • CDC on Economy class syndrome
Textbook Information on Economy class syndrome	Books and Textbook Information on Economy class syndrome
Pharmacology Resources on Economy class syndrome	Dosing of Economy class syndrome • Drug interactions with Economy class syndrome • Side effects of Economy class syndrome • Allergic reactions to Economy class syndrome • Overdose information on Economy class syndrome • Carcinogenicity information on Economy class syndrome • Economy class syndrome in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Economy class syndrome •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Economy class syndrome	Genetics of Economy class syndrome • Pharmacogenomics of Economy class syndrome • Proteomics of Economy class syndrome
Newstories on Economy class syndrome	Economy class syndrome in the news • Be alerted to news on Economy class syndrome • News trends on Economy class syndrome
Commentary on Economy class syndrome	Blogs on Economy class syndrome
Patient Resources on Economy class syndrome	Patient resources on Economy class syndrome • Discussion groups on Economy class syndrome • Patient Handouts on Economy class syndrome • Directions to Hospitals Treating Economy class syndrome • Risk calculators and risk factors for Economy class syndrome
Healthcare Provider Resources on Economy class syndrome	Symptoms of Economy class syndrome • Causes & Risk Factors for Economy class syndrome • Diagnostic studies for Economy class syndrome • Treatment of Economy class syndrome
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Economy class syndrome	CME Programs on Economy class syndrome
International Resources on Economy class syndrome	Economy class syndrome en Espanol • Economy class syndrome en Francais
Business Resources on Economy class syndrome	Economy class syndrome in the Marketplace • Patents on Economy class syndrome
Informatics Resources on Economy class syndrome	List of terms related to Economy class syndrome

de:Touristenklasse-Syndromhe:תסמונת מחלקת תיירים

id:Sindrom kelas ekonomi nl:Economy class-syndroom