Cyclophilin
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| Image:Cyclophilin A-cyclosporin complex 1CWA.png | |
| Ribbon diagram of cyclophilin A in complex with ciclosporin (yellow). From PDB 1CWA. | |
| peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A)
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | PPIA |
| Entrez | 5478 |
| HUGO | 9253 |
| OMIM | 123840 |
| RefSeq | NM_203430 |
| UniProt | Q3KQW3 |
| Other data | |
| EC number | 5.2.1.8 |
| Locus | Chr. 7 p13 |
| peptidylprolyl isomerase D (cyclophilin D)
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | PPID |
| Entrez | 5481 |
| HUGO | 9257 |
| OMIM | 601753 |
| RefSeq | NM_005038 |
| UniProt | Q08752 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 4 q31.3 |
Cyclophilins, abbreviated CyP (not to be confused with CYP, which is the approved abbreviation for cytochrome P450), are proteins that bind to ciclosporin (cyclosporine A), an immunosuppressant which is usually used to suppress rejection after internal organ transplants. These proteins have peptidyl prolyl isomerase activity, which catalyzes the isomerization of peptide bonds from trans form to cis form at proline residues and facilitates protein folding.
Cyclophilin A
Human peptidylprolyl isomerase A, which exists in cytosol, has a beta barrel structure with two alpha helices and a beta-sheet. Other cyclophilins have similar structures to cyclophilin A. The cyclosporin A-cyclophilin A complex inhibits a calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, the inhibition of which is thought to suppress organ rejection.
Cyclophilin D
Cyclophilin D, which is located in the matrix of mitochondria, is a component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. The pore opening raises the permeability of the mitochondrial inner membrane, allows influx of cytosolic molecules into the mitochondrial matrix, increases the matrix volume, and disrupts the mitochondrial outer membrane. As a result, the mitochondria fall into a functional disorder, so the opening of the pore plays an important role in cell death. Cyclophilin D is thought to regulate the opening of the pore because cyclosporin A, which binds to CyP-D, inhibits the pore opening.
External links
Geometric isomerases (EC 5.2) |
|---|
| Cyclophilin - FKBP - Parvulin - Prolyl isomerase |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
