Cyclizine
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Image:Cyclizine.svg | |
| Cyclizine
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 1-benzhydryl-4-methyl-piperazine | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | R06 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C18H22N2 |
| Mol. mass | 266.381 g/mol |
| SMILES | & |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | N-demethylated to inactive norcyclizine |
| Half life | 20 hours |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
A (Au) |
| Legal status |
P/POM (UK) |
| Routes | Oral, IM, IV |
Overview
Cyclizine is an antihistamine drug used to treat nausea, vomiting and dizziness associated with motion sickness, vertigo and post-operative following administration of general anaesthesia and opioids.
Pharmacology
Cyclizine is a piperazine derivative with histamine H1-receptor antagonist (antihistamine) activity. The precise mechanism of action in inhibiting the symptoms of motion sickness is not well understood. It may have effects directly on the labyrinthine apparatus and on the chemoreceptor trigger zone. Cyclizine exerts a central anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) action.
Contraindications
Its antimuscarinic action warrants caution in patients with prostatic hypertophy, urinary retention, glaucoma. Liver disease exacerbates its sedative effects. It cannot be combined with diclofenac, for example in the same syringe or bag of fluids, as a crystallisation reaction occurs.
Side effects
Common (>10%) - Drowsiness
Uncommon (1% to 10%) - Headache, psychomotor impairment, and antimuscarinic effects such as urinary retention, xerostomia (dry mouth), blurred vision and gastro-intestinal disturbances.
Rare - Hypersensitivity reactions (bronchospasm, angioedema, anaphylaxis, rashes and photosensitivity reactions), extrapyramidal effects, dizziness, confusion, depression, sleep disturbances, tremor, liver dysfunction.
Formulations
As cyclizine hydrochloride 50mg tablets and cyclizine lactate solution for intramuscular or intravenous injection (Brand names: Valoid® in UK and Marezine®, Marzine® and Emoquil® in US)).
References
- British National Formulary 45 March 2003
Deliriants (anticholinergic hallucinogens) | |
|---|---|
| Tropanes | Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine |
| Benzilates | Benactyzine, Dicyclomine, N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate, N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate, 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate |
| Antihistamines | Cyclizine, Dimenhydrinate, Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Promethazine |
| Others | Benzydamine, Biperiden, Trihexyphenidyl |
da:Cyclizin fi:Syklitsiini th:ไซคลิซีน
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
