Aneurysmal bone cyst
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Aneurysmal bone cyst Classification and external resources | |
 | |
|---|---|
| The ABC is located on the left, on the fifth metacarpal. Notice that the bone appears to be missing on the x-ray. | |
| ICD-10 | M85.5 |
| ICD-9 | 733.22 |
| eMedicine | radio/26 |
| MeSH | D017824 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-525-6884
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Phone:617-525-7431
Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [3] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Overview
An aneurysmal bone cyst is an expansile osteolytic lesion with a thin wall, containing blood-filled cystic cavities. The term aneurysmal is derived from its radiographic appearance.
Causes
Trauma is considered the initiating factor in the development of some cysts, in documented cases involving an acute fracture. Local alterations in the blood flow are related to obstructions that are important in the development of an aneurysmal bone cyst.
The lesion generally arises in a pre-existing bone tumor, this is because of the abnormal bones changes in hemodynamics. An aneurysmal bone cyst can arise from a pre-existing chondroblastoma, a chondromyxoid fibroma, an osteoblastoma, a giant cell tumor, or fibrous dysplasia. A giant cell tumor is the most common cause, occurring in 19% to 39% of cases. Less frequently, it results from some malignant tumors, such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and hemangioendothelioma.
Effects
Aneurysmal bone cysts may be intraosseous, staying inside of the bone marrow. Or they may be extraosseous, developing on the surface of the bone, and extending into the marrow.
Phases
- Initial phase of osteolysis.
- Active growth phase, characterized by destruction of bone tissue.
- Stable stage, where a formation of a bony shell and internal bony septa produce its soap bubble appearance.
- Healing phase where the cyst eventually heals into an irregular dense bony mass.
Occurrences
Aneurysmal bone cysts are more common in females than males. Most of these occur between the ages of 10-30, with about 75% of incidences happening to patients under the age of 20.
Anatomy
The tumor can have an occurrence anywhere that there is bone. Approximate percentages by sites are as shown:
- Skull and mandible (4%)
- Spine (16%)
- Clavicle and ribs (5%)
- Upper extremity (21%)
- Pelvis and sacrum (12%)
- Femur (13%)
- Lower leg (24%)
- Foot (3%)
Symptoms
The afflicted may have relatively small amounts of pain that will quickly increase in severity over a time period of 6-12 weeks. The skin temperature around the bone may increase, a bony swelling may be evident, and movement may be restricted in adjacent joints.
Spinal lesions may cause quadriplegia and patients with skull lesions may have headaches.
See also
External links
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
