Tibia

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Bone: Tibia
Plan of ossification of the tibia. From three centers.
Gray's	subject #61 256
MeSH	Tibia

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The tibia is the larger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates.

In humans

The tibia or shin bone, in human anatomy, is found medial (towards the middle) and anterior (towards the front) to the other such bone, the fibula. It is the second-longest bone in the human body, the largest being the femur. The tibia articulates with the femur and patella superiorly, the fibula laterally and with the ankle inferiorly.

Gender differences

In the male, its direction is vertical, and parallel with the bone of the opposite side, but in the female it has a slightly oblique direction downward and lateralward, to compensate for the greater obliquity of the femur.

Structure

It is prismoid in form, expanded above, where it enters into the knee-joint, contracted in the lower third, and again enlarged but to a lesser extent below.

The tibia is connected to the fibula by an interosseous membrane, forming a type of joint called a syndesmoses.

Blood supply

The tibia derives its arterial blood supply from two sources:^[1]

1. the nutrient artery (main source)
2. periosteal vessels derived from the anterior tibial artery

Additional images

Lower extremity	Knee diagram	Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface.	Bones of the right leg. Posterior surface.
Right knee-joint. Posterior view.	Right knee-joint, from the front, showing interior ligaments.	Left knee-joint from behind, showing interior ligaments.	Sagittal section of right knee-joint.
Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Lateral aspect.	Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Posterior aspect.	Capsule of left talocrura articulation (distended). Lateral aspect.	Coronal section through right talocrural and talocalcaneal joints.
Oblique section of left intertarsal and tarsometatarsal articulations, showing the synovial cavities.	Cross-section through middle of leg.

See also

• Articulations between the tibia and fibula
• Bone terminology
• Terms for anatomical location
• Ossification of tibia
• Upper extremity of tibia
• Body of tibia
• Lower extremity of tibia
• Shin Splints

External links

• Tibial fractures

References

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

v • d • e Bones of lower limbs
Femur	head of femur (fovea capitis femoris) · neck of femur · greater trochanter · trochanteric fossa · lesser trochanter · tubercle of the femur · intertrochanteric line · intertrochanteric crest · linea quadrata body (linea aspera, third trochanter, pectineal line, adductor tubercle) lower extremity (lateral condyle, medial condyle, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, patellar surface)
Tibia	upper extremity medial condyle · lateral condyle · intercondyloid eminence · tuberosity of the tibia · posterior intercondyloid fossa · anterior intercondyloid fossa body soleal line lower extremity medial malleolus
Fibula	head of fibula · body of fibula · lateral malleolus
Tarsus	calcaneus (sustentaculum tali, trochlear process) · talus · navicular · cuboid · cuneiform (medial, intermediate, lateral)
Metatarsus	1st metatarsal · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th
Other	patella · phalanges of the foot

ca:Tíbia

cs:Holenní kost de:Tibia (Wirbeltiere)eo:Tibio fr:Tibia (os) it:Tibia (osso) he:שוקה la:Tibia (os) lt:Blauzdikaulis nl:Scheenbeen ja:脛骨 no:Tibia nn:Tibiasl:Golenica fi:Sääriluu sv:Skenben tl:Lulod uk:Великогомілкова кістка

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