Thrombocytosis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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! rowspan="6" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Hematologic malignancies
! rowspan="6" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Hematologic malignancies
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Essential thrombocytosis|Essential thrombocythemia]]<ref name="Brière2007">{{cite journal|last1=Brière|first1=Jean B|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=2|issue=1|year=2007|pages=3|issn=17501172|doi=10.1186/1750-1172-2-3}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Essential thrombocytosis|Essential thrombocythemia]]<ref name="Brière2007">{{cite journal|last1=Brière|first1=Jean B|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=2|issue=1|year=2007|pages=3|issn=17501172|doi=10.1186/1750-1172-2-3}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acquired mutation of ''[[Janus kinase|JAK2]], CALR,'' or ''MPL''
* Acquired mutation of ''[[Janus kinase|JAK2]], CALR,'' or ''MPL''
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >60 years old, female > male
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >60 years old, female > male
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Vascular occlusive events and [[Bleeding|hemorrhages]]
* Vascular occlusive events and [[Bleeding|hemorrhages]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Flushing
* Flushing
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Erythromelalgia]]
* [[Erythromelalgia]]
* [[Transient ischemic attack|Transient ischemic attacks]]
* [[Transient ischemic attack|Transient ischemic attacks]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Large [[Platelet|platelets]]
* Large [[Platelet|platelets]]
* [[Megakaryocyte]] fragments
* [[Megakaryocyte]] fragments
* [[Platelet]] aggregates
* [[Platelet]] aggregates
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Increased cellularity
* Increased cellularity
* Hyperplasia and clustering of megakaryocytes
* Hyperplasia and clustering of megakaryocytes
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Splenomegaly]] on abdominal CT
* [[Splenomegaly]] on abdominal CT
* [[VTE]] on spiral chest CT
* [[VTE]] on spiral chest CT
* [[Deep vein thrombosis|DVT]] on ultrasound
* [[Deep vein thrombosis|DVT]] on ultrasound
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
* Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Polycythemia vera]]<ref name="ArberOrazi2016">{{cite journal|last1=Arber|first1=D. A.|last2=Orazi|first2=A.|last3=Hasserjian|first3=R.|last4=Thiele|first4=J.|last5=Borowitz|first5=M. J.|last6=Le Beau|first6=M. M.|last7=Bloomfield|first7=C. D.|last8=Cazzola|first8=M.|last9=Vardiman|first9=J. W.|title=The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=127|issue=20|year=2016|pages=2391–2405|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-03-643544}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Polycythemia vera]]<ref name="ArberOrazi2016">{{cite journal|last1=Arber|first1=D. A.|last2=Orazi|first2=A.|last3=Hasserjian|first3=R.|last4=Thiele|first4=J.|last5=Borowitz|first5=M. J.|last6=Le Beau|first6=M. M.|last7=Bloomfield|first7=C. D.|last8=Cazzola|first8=M.|last9=Vardiman|first9=J. W.|title=The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia|journal=Blood|volume=127|issue=20|year=2016|pages=2391–2405|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2016-03-643544}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acquired mutation of ''JAK2''
* Acquired mutation of ''JAK2''
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >60 years old
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >60 years old
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Family history of [[polycythemia vera]]
* Family history of [[polycythemia vera]]
* Ashkenazi Jewish descent
* Ashkenazi Jewish descent
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Facial plethora
* Facial plethora
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Erythromelalgia]]
* [[Erythromelalgia]]
* [[Itch|Pruritus]]
* [[Itch|Pruritus]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Panmyelosis including prominent [[Red blood cell|erythroid]], [[granulocyte]], and [[megakaryocyte]] proliferation
* Panmyelosis including prominent [[Red blood cell|erythroid]], [[granulocyte]], and [[megakaryocyte]] proliferation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Panmyelosis including prominent [[Red blood cell|erythroid]], [[granulocyte]], and [[megakaryocyte]] proliferation
* Panmyelosis including prominent [[Red blood cell|erythroid]], [[granulocyte]], and [[megakaryocyte]] proliferation
* Pleomorphic, mature [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Pleomorphic, mature [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
* Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Myelofibrosis|Primary myelofibrosis]]<ref name="TefferiLasho2012">{{cite journal|last1=Tefferi|first1=Ayalew|last2=Lasho|first2=Terra L.|last3=Jimma|first3=Thitina|last4=Finke|first4=Christy M.|last5=Gangat|first5=Naseema|last6=Vaidya|first6=Rakhee|last7=Begna|first7=Kebede H.|last8=Al-Kali|first8=Aref|last9=Ketterling|first9=Rhett P.|last10=Hanson|first10=Curtis A.|last11=Pardanani|first11=Animesh|title=One Thousand Patients With Primary Myelofibrosis: The Mayo Clinic Experience|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=87|issue=1|year=2012|pages=25–33|issn=00256196|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2011.11.001}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Myelofibrosis|Primary myelofibrosis]]<ref name="TefferiLasho2012">{{cite journal|last1=Tefferi|first1=Ayalew|last2=Lasho|first2=Terra L.|last3=Jimma|first3=Thitina|last4=Finke|first4=Christy M.|last5=Gangat|first5=Naseema|last6=Vaidya|first6=Rakhee|last7=Begna|first7=Kebede H.|last8=Al-Kali|first8=Aref|last9=Ketterling|first9=Rhett P.|last10=Hanson|first10=Curtis A.|last11=Pardanani|first11=Animesh|title=One Thousand Patients With Primary Myelofibrosis: The Mayo Clinic Experience|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=87|issue=1|year=2012|pages=25–33|issn=00256196|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2011.11.001}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Bone marrow]] fibrosis
* [[Bone marrow]] fibrosis
* [[Mutation]] in ''[[Janus kinase|JAK2]], CALR'', or ''MPL''
* [[Mutation]] in ''[[Janus kinase|JAK2]], CALR'', or ''MPL''
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >60 years old, male> female
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >60 years old, male> female
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Other [[Myeloproliferative neoplasm|myeloproliferative]] disorders
* Other [[Myeloproliferative neoplasm|myeloproliferative]] disorders
* [[Radioactive contamination|Radiation exposure]]
* [[Radioactive contamination|Radiation exposure]]
* Chemicals exposure
* Chemicals exposure
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Bruising]]
* [[Bruising]]
* [[Nodules|Skin nodules]]
* [[Nodules|Skin nodules]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Abdominal pain]]
* [[Abdominal pain]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Decreased number of [[Red blood cell|erythroid]], [[granulocyte]], and [[megakaryocyte]] proliferation
* Decreased number of [[Red blood cell|erythroid]], [[granulocyte]], and [[megakaryocyte]] proliferation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation and atypia of [[megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation and atypia of [[megakaryocytes]]
* Reticulin or [[Collagen|collagen fibrosis]]
* Reticulin or [[Collagen|collagen fibrosis]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Diffuse bone [[sclerosis]] on [[CT angiography|CT]]
* Diffuse bone [[sclerosis]] on [[CT angiography|CT]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
* Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
*Variable risk for development of [[acute leukemia]]
* Variable risk for development of [[acute leukemia]]
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Chronic myelogenous leukemia|Chronic myeloid leukemia]]<ref name="ThompsonKantarjian2015">{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=Philip A.|last2=Kantarjian|first2=Hagop M.|last3=Cortes|first3=Jorge E.|title=Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in 2015|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=90|issue=10|year=2015|pages=1440–1454|issn=00256196|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.08.010}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Chronic myelogenous leukemia|Chronic myeloid leukemia]]<ref name="ThompsonKantarjian2015">{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=Philip A.|last2=Kantarjian|first2=Hagop M.|last3=Cortes|first3=Jorge E.|title=Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in 2015|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings|volume=90|issue=10|year=2015|pages=1440–1454|issn=00256196|doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.08.010}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Translocation (9;22), the [[Philadelphia chromosome]]
* Translocation (9;22), the [[Philadelphia chromosome]]
* [[BCR/ABL|''BCR-ABL1'' oncogene]]
* [[BCR/ABL|''BCR-ABL1'' oncogene]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >50 years old, male> female
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Mean age >50 years old, male> female
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |History of exposure to:
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |History of exposure to:
* [[Ionizing radiation]]
* [[Ionizing radiation]]
* [[Formaldehyde]]
* [[Formaldehyde]]
* [[Benzene]]
* [[Benzene]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Bruises]]
* [[Bruises]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Abdominal pain]]
* [[Abdominal pain]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Immature [[White blood cells|leukocytes]]
* Immature [[White blood cells|leukocytes]]
* Leukemic blasts
* Leukemic blasts
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* Giant platelets
* Giant platelets
* Blast crisis
* Blast crisis
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* ↑ Proportion of metamyelocytes and other [[white blood cells]] at various stages of maturation
* ↑ Proportion of metamyelocytes and other [[white blood cells]] at various stages of maturation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Enlarged [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]] and [[splenomegaly]] on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
* Enlarged [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]] and [[splenomegaly]] on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination|Bone marrow biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Increase of immature myeloid cells
* Increase of immature myeloid cells
*
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]<ref name="Rose-InmanKuehl2014">{{cite journal|last1=Rose-Inman|first1=Hayley|last2=Kuehl|first2=Damon|title=Acute Leukemia|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=32|issue=3|year=2014|pages=579–596|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2014.04.004}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]<ref name="Rose-InmanKuehl2014">{{cite journal|last1=Rose-Inman|first1=Hayley|last2=Kuehl|first2=Damon|title=Acute Leukemia|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=32|issue=3|year=2014|pages=579–596|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2014.04.004}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unknown
* Unknown
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Median age of 63 years old
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Median age of 63 years old
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* History of hematological disorder  
* History of hematological disorder  
* History of [[chemotherapy]] and  [[ionizing radiation]]
* History of [[chemotherapy]] and  [[ionizing radiation]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Chloroma|Leukemia cutis]]
* [[Chloroma|Leukemia cutis]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* Bone [[tenderness]]
* Bone [[tenderness]]
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑/↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑/↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Leukemic blasts
* Leukemic blasts
* Leukoerythroblastic features
* Leukoerythroblastic features
* Giant [[Platelet|platelets]]
* Giant [[Platelet|platelets]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* "Dry tap" on aspiration
* "Dry tap" on aspiration
* Leukemic cells
* Leukemic cells
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination]] + clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination]] + clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Infection|Infections]] of variable severity
* [[Infection|Infections]] of variable severity
* [[Nerve palsy|Cranial nerve palsy]]
* [[Nerve palsy|Cranial nerve palsy]]
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Myelodysplastic syndrome|Myelodysplastic syndromes]]<ref name="NatelsonPyatt2013">{{cite journal|last1=Natelson|first1=Ethan A.|last2=Pyatt|first2=David|title=Acquired Myelodysplasia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Clearing the Fog|journal=Advances in Hematology|volume=2013|year=2013|pages=1–11|issn=1687-9104|doi=10.1155/2013/309637}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Myelodysplastic syndrome|Myelodysplastic syndromes]]<ref name="NatelsonPyatt2013">{{cite journal|last1=Natelson|first1=Ethan A.|last2=Pyatt|first2=David|title=Acquired Myelodysplasia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Clearing the Fog|journal=Advances in Hematology|volume=2013|year=2013|pages=1–11|issn=1687-9104|doi=10.1155/2013/309637}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unknown
* Unknown
* Mutation
* Mutation
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| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Elderly
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Elderly
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Exposure to  
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Exposure to  
* [[Chemotherapy]]
* [[Chemotherapy]]
* [[Radiation therapy]]
* [[Radiation therapy]]
Line 299: Line 297:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Shortness of breath]]
* [[Shortness of breath]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Fatigue]]
Line 305: Line 303:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Large platelets
* Large platelets
* Ovalomacrocytosis
* Ovalomacrocytosis
Line 312: Line 310:
* Pelger-Huet anomaly
* Pelger-Huet anomaly
* Ring sideroblasts
* Ring sideroblasts
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Impaired [[myeloid]] maturation
* Impaired [[myeloid]] maturation
* [[Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia|Dyserythropoiesis]]
* [[Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia|Dyserythropoiesis]]
Line 323: Line 321:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination]] + clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Bone marrow examination]] + clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Thrombosis]] at unusual sites
* [[Thrombosis]] at unusual sites
* Thrombosis in younger patients
* Thrombosis in younger patients
Line 356: Line 354:
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Familial thrombocytosis<ref name="Ding2004">{{cite journal|last1=Ding|first1=J.|title=Familial essential thrombocythemia associated with a dominant-positive activating mutation of the c-MPL gene, which encodes for the receptor for thrombopoietin|journal=Blood|volume=103|issue=11|year=2004|pages=4198–4200|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2003-10-3471}}</ref><ref name="WiestnerPadosch2000">{{cite journal|last1=Wiestner|first1=A.|last2=Padosch|first2=S. A.|last3=Ghilardi|first3=N.|last4=Cesar|first4=J. M.|last5=Odriozola|first5=J.|last6=Shapiro|first6=A.|last7=Skoda|first7=R. C.|title=Hereditary thrombocythaemia is a genetically heterogeneous disorder: exclusion of TPO and MPL in two families with hereditary thrombocythaemia|journal=British Journal of Haematology|volume=110|issue=1|year=2000|pages=104–109|issn=0007-1048|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02169.x}}</ref>
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Familial thrombocytosis<ref name="Ding2004">{{cite journal|last1=Ding|first1=J.|title=Familial essential thrombocythemia associated with a dominant-positive activating mutation of the c-MPL gene, which encodes for the receptor for thrombopoietin|journal=Blood|volume=103|issue=11|year=2004|pages=4198–4200|issn=0006-4971|doi=10.1182/blood-2003-10-3471}}</ref><ref name="WiestnerPadosch2000">{{cite journal|last1=Wiestner|first1=A.|last2=Padosch|first2=S. A.|last3=Ghilardi|first3=N.|last4=Cesar|first4=J. M.|last5=Odriozola|first5=J.|last6=Shapiro|first6=A.|last7=Skoda|first7=R. C.|title=Hereditary thrombocythaemia is a genetically heterogeneous disorder: exclusion of TPO and MPL in two families with hereditary thrombocythaemia|journal=British Journal of Haematology|volume=110|issue=1|year=2000|pages=104–109|issn=0007-1048|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02169.x}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mutation in ''TPO'' and ''MPL''
* Mutation in ''TPO'' and ''MPL''
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 364: Line 362:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Rare familial disease, middle age male and female
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Rare familial disease, middle age male and female
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Family history of thrombocytosis  
* Family history of thrombocytosis  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 376: Line 374:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Giant [[Platelet|platelets]]
* Giant [[Platelet|platelets]]
* [[Platelet]] conglomerates
* [[Platelet]] conglomerates
* Bizarre forms
* Bizarre forms
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
Line 387: Line 385:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Genetic study
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Genetic study
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Polyclonal hematopoiesis
* Polyclonal hematopoiesis
*Familial [[polycythemia vera]]  
* Familial [[polycythemia vera]]  
*Familial [[Myelofibrosis|primary myelofibrosis]]
* Familial [[Myelofibrosis|primary myelofibrosis]]
|-
|-
! rowspan="20" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive thrombocytosis
! rowspan="20" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Reactive thrombocytosis
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Anemia]]/
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Anemia]]/
[[Bleeding|blood loss]]<ref name="Kuter1996">{{cite journal|last1=Kuter|first1=David J.|title=The Physiology of Platelet Production|journal=Stem Cells|volume=14|issue=S1|year=1996|pages=88–101|issn=10665099|doi=10.1002/stem.5530140711}}</ref>
[[Bleeding|blood loss]]<ref name="Kuter1996">{{cite journal|last1=Kuter|first1=David J.|title=The Physiology of Platelet Production|journal=Stem Cells|volume=14|issue=S1|year=1996|pages=88–101|issn=10665099|doi=10.1002/stem.5530140711}}</ref>
! align="left" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |
| align="left" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |
* [[Iron deficiency anemia|Iron deficiency]]
* [[Iron deficiency anemia|Iron deficiency]]
* [[Bleeding|Blood loss]]
* [[Bleeding|Blood loss]]
* [[Hemolysis]]
* [[Hemolysis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unknown
* Unknown
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
Line 408: Line 406:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* History of [[bleeding]] or [[Iron deficiency anemia|iron deficiency]]
* History of [[bleeding]] or [[Iron deficiency anemia|iron deficiency]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Pallor]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 421: Line 419:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Microcytic anemia
* Microcytic anemia
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
Line 430: Line 428:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Required iron studies
* Required iron studies
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Infection]]  
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Infection]]  
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Chronic [[Infection|infections]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Chronic [[Infection|infections]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 443: Line 441:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* History of [[immunodeficiency]]
* History of [[immunodeficiency]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Pallor]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
Line 456: Line 454:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Microcytic anemia
* Microcytic [[anemia]]
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Culture
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Culture
Line 469: Line 467:
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Tuberculosis]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Tuberculosis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 477: Line 475:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* History of  close contact
* History of  close contact
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cachectic
* Cachectic
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 490: Line 488:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Large [[platelets]]
* Large [[platelets]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cavitation on chest imaging
* Cavitation on chest imaging
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation+ culture
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation+ culture
Line 502: Line 500:
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Acute bacterial and viral infections
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Acute bacterial and viral infections
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 510: Line 508:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* History of  close contact
* History of  close contact
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 523: Line 521:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Large [[platelets]]
* Large [[platelets]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation+ culture
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation+ culture
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Inflammation]]
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Inflammation]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Vasculitis|Vasculitides]]<ref name="pmid82963">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hamblin T, Oscier D |title=Polyarteritis presenting with thrombocytosis and palliated by plasma exchange |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=54 |issue=635 |pages=615–7 |date=September 1978 |pmid=82963 |pmc=2425233 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Vasculitis|Vasculitides]]<ref name="pmid82963">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hamblin T, Oscier D |title=Polyarteritis presenting with thrombocytosis and palliated by plasma exchange |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=54 |issue=635 |pages=615–7 |date=September 1978 |pmid=82963 |pmc=2425233 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unknown
* Unknown
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 545: Line 543:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Family history of rheumatologic isorders  
* Family history of rheumatologic isorders  
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 554: Line 552:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Arthritis]]
* [[Arthritis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Microcytic anemia
* Microcytic [[anemia]]
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the type
* Depends on the type
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation+ culture
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation+ culture
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the type
* Depends on the type
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Acute pancreatitis]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Acute pancreatitis]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 581: Line 579:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Long-term effects of alcohol|Alcohol consumption]]
* [[Long-term effects of alcohol|Alcohol consumption]]
* [[Gallstone disease|Gallstone]]
* [[Gallstone disease|Gallstone]]
Line 587: Line 585:
* [[Obesity]]
* [[Obesity]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 593: Line 591:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
* [[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
* [[Nausea and vomiting|N/V]]
* [[Nausea and vomiting|N/V]]
Line 600: Line 598:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Large [[platelets]]
* Large [[platelets]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Diffusely enlarged and hypoechoic [[pancreas]] on abdominal [[ultrasound]]
* Diffusely enlarged and hypoechoic [[pancreas]] on abdominal [[ultrasound]]
* Focal or diffuse enlargement of the [[pancreas]] with heterogeneous enhancement on abdominal [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
* Focal or diffuse enlargement of the [[pancreas]] with heterogeneous enhancement on abdominal [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Rarely progress to severe [[inflammation]] and [[necrosis]]
* Rarely progress to severe [[inflammation]] and [[necrosis]]
* '''Organ failure'''
* Organ failure
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cancer|Malignancy]]<ref name="YangJiang2018">{{cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Chen|last2=Jiang|first2=Hui|last3=Huang|first3=Shaozhuo|last4=Hong|first4=Hui|last5=Huang|first5=Xiaowen|last6=Wang|first6=Xiaojie|last7=Liao|first7=Weixin|last8=Wang|first8=Xueyi|last9=Chen|first9=Xuewen|last10=Jiang|first10=Liming|title=The prognostic role of pretreatment thrombocytosis in gastric cancer|journal=Medicine|volume=97|issue=31|year=2018|pages=e11763|issn=0025-7974|doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000011763}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cancer|Malignancy]]<ref name="YangJiang2018">{{cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Chen|last2=Jiang|first2=Hui|last3=Huang|first3=Shaozhuo|last4=Hong|first4=Hui|last5=Huang|first5=Xiaowen|last6=Wang|first6=Xiaojie|last7=Liao|first7=Weixin|last8=Wang|first8=Xueyi|last9=Chen|first9=Xuewen|last10=Jiang|first10=Liming|title=The prognostic role of pretreatment thrombocytosis in gastric cancer|journal=Medicine|volume=97|issue=31|year=2018|pages=e11763|issn=0025-7974|doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000011763}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
Line 624: Line 622:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Prior malignancy
* Prior malignancy
* Exposure to chemicals
* Exposure to chemicals
* Family history of malignancy
* Family history of malignancy
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cachectic
* Cachectic
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 635: Line 633:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Depends on the type
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Depends on the type
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Tenderness
* Tenderness
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Microcytic anemia
* Microcytic [[anemia]]
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the type
* Depends on the type
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Potential effective predictor of overall survival  
* Potential effective predictor of overall survival  
* [[Venous thromboembolism]]  
* [[Venous thromboembolism]]  
Line 683: Line 681:
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Tissue damage
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Tissue damage
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Burns|Thermal burns]]<ref name="DinsdaleDevi2017">{{cite journal|last1=Dinsdale|first1=R. J.|last2=Devi|first2=A.|last3=Hampson|first3=P.|last4=Wearn|first4=C. M.|last5=Bamford|first5=A. L.|last6=Hazeldine|first6=J.|last7=Bishop|first7=J.|last8=Ahmed|first8=S.|last9=Watson|first9=C.|last10=Lord|first10=J. M.|last11=Moiemen|first11=N.|last12=Harrison|first12=P.|title=Changes in novel haematological parameters following thermal injury: A prospective observational cohort study|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=7|issue=1|year=2017|issn=2045-2322|doi=10.1038/s41598-017-03222-w}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Burns|Thermal burns]]<ref name="DinsdaleDevi2017">{{cite journal|last1=Dinsdale|first1=R. J.|last2=Devi|first2=A.|last3=Hampson|first3=P.|last4=Wearn|first4=C. M.|last5=Bamford|first5=A. L.|last6=Hazeldine|first6=J.|last7=Bishop|first7=J.|last8=Ahmed|first8=S.|last9=Watson|first9=C.|last10=Lord|first10=J. M.|last11=Moiemen|first11=N.|last12=Harrison|first12=P.|title=Changes in novel haematological parameters following thermal injury: A prospective observational cohort study|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=7|issue=1|year=2017|issn=2045-2322|doi=10.1038/s41598-017-03222-w}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 691: Line 689:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Thermal burn
* Thermal burn
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
Line 700: Line 698:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Tenderness]]
* [[Tenderness]]
Line 708: Line 706:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Increased production of [[Neutrophil|neutrophils]]
* Increased production of [[Neutrophil|neutrophils]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depend on the involvement
* Depend on the involvement
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Sepsis]]
* [[Sepsis]]
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Physical trauma|Trauma]]<ref name="SalimHadjizacharia2009">{{cite journal|last1=Salim|first1=Ali|last2=Hadjizacharia|first2=Pantelis|last3=DuBose|first3=Joseph|last4=Kobayashi|first4=Leslie|last5=Inaba|first5=Kenji|last6=Chan|first6=Linda S.|last7=Margulies|first7=Daniel R.|title=What is the Significance of Thrombocytosis in Patients With Trauma?|journal=The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care|volume=66|issue=5|year=2009|pages=1349–1354|issn=0022-5282|doi=10.1097/TA.0b013e318191b8af}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Physical trauma|Trauma]]<ref name="SalimHadjizacharia2009">{{cite journal|last1=Salim|first1=Ali|last2=Hadjizacharia|first2=Pantelis|last3=DuBose|first3=Joseph|last4=Kobayashi|first4=Leslie|last5=Inaba|first5=Kenji|last6=Chan|first6=Linda S.|last7=Margulies|first7=Daniel R.|title=What is the Significance of Thrombocytosis in Patients With Trauma?|journal=The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care|volume=66|issue=5|year=2009|pages=1349–1354|issn=0022-5282|doi=10.1097/TA.0b013e318191b8af}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 730: Line 728:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Physical trauma]]
* [[Physical trauma]]
* Accident
* Accident
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
Line 740: Line 738:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Tenderness]]
* [[Tenderness]]
* [[Bone fracture|Fracture]]
* [[Bone fracture|Fracture]]
Line 746: Line 744:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Increased production of [[Neutrophil|neutrophils]]
* Increased production of [[Neutrophil|neutrophils]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depend on the involvement
* Depend on the involvement
* [[Bone fracture|Fracture]] on xrays
* [[Bone fracture|Fracture]] on xrays
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Sepsis]]
* [[Sepsis]]
* Associated with higher rates of complications
* Associated with higher rates of complications
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[ST elevation myocardial infarction|Myocardial infarction]]<ref name="NanavatiPatel2012">{{cite journal|last1=Nanavati|first1=Amit|last2=Patel|first2=Nainesh|last3=Burke|first3=James|title=Thrombocytosis and Coronary Occlusion|journal=JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions|volume=5|issue=6|year=2012|pages=e18–e19|issn=19368798|doi=10.1016/j.jcin.2011.12.018}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[ST elevation myocardial infarction|Myocardial infarction]]<ref name="NanavatiPatel2012">{{cite journal|last1=Nanavati|first1=Amit|last2=Patel|first2=Nainesh|last3=Burke|first3=James|title=Thrombocytosis and Coronary Occlusion|journal=JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions|volume=5|issue=6|year=2012|pages=e18–e19|issn=19368798|doi=10.1016/j.jcin.2011.12.018}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
* Accelerated [[platelet]] release
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 770: Line 768:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Elderly
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Elderly
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Acute coronary syndromes|Acute coronary syndrome]]
* [[Acute coronary syndromes|Acute coronary syndrome]]
* [[Diabetes mellitus]]
* [[Diabetes mellitus]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
* Diaphoretic
* Diaphoretic
Line 781: Line 779:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Chest pain]]
* [[Dyspnea]]
* [[Dyspnea]]
Line 789: Line 787:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Hypokinetic heart on [[Echocardiography|echocardiogram]]
* Hypokinetic heart on [[Echocardiography|echocardiogram]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + enzymes elevation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + enzymes elevation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Pulmonary edema|Acute pulmonary edema]]
* [[Pulmonary edema|Acute pulmonary edema]]
* Poor prognosis
* Poor prognosis
Line 805: Line 803:
! rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Medication]]<ref name="pmid8473359">{{cite journal |vauthors=Frye JL, Thompson DF |title=Drug-induced thrombocytosis |journal=J Clin Pharm Ther |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=45–8 |date=February 1993 |pmid=8473359 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Medication]]<ref name="pmid8473359">{{cite journal |vauthors=Frye JL, Thompson DF |title=Drug-induced thrombocytosis |journal=J Clin Pharm Ther |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=45–8 |date=February 1993 |pmid=8473359 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Vincristine sulfate|Vincristine]]<ref name="FeliuCervantes1980">{{cite journal|last1=Feliu|first1=E.|last2=Cervantes|first2=F.|last3=Blade|first3=J.|last4=Rozman|first4=C.|title=Thrombocytosis in Quiescent Chronic Granulocytic Leukaemia after Vincristine and 6-Mercaptopurine Therapy|journal=Acta Haematologica|volume=64|issue=4|year=1980|pages=224–226|issn=0001-5792|doi=10.1159/000207258}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Vincristine sulfate|Vincristine]]<ref name="FeliuCervantes1980">{{cite journal|last1=Feliu|first1=E.|last2=Cervantes|first2=F.|last3=Blade|first3=J.|last4=Rozman|first4=C.|title=Thrombocytosis in Quiescent Chronic Granulocytic Leukaemia after Vincristine and 6-Mercaptopurine Therapy|journal=Acta Haematologica|volume=64|issue=4|year=1980|pages=224–226|issn=0001-5792|doi=10.1159/000207258}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Increased megakaryocytic differentiation
* Increased megakaryocytic differentiation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 813: Line 811:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Cancer|Malignancy]]
* [[Cancer|Malignancy]]
* Drug consumption
* Drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cachectic
* Cachectic
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 823: Line 821:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Abdominal pain]]  
* [[Abdominal pain]]  
* [[Diarrhea]]
* [[Diarrhea]]
Line 830: Line 828:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Neuropathy]]
* [[Neuropathy]]
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Epinephrine]]<ref name="pmid9461228">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spalding A, Vaitkevicius H, Dill S, MacKenzie S, Schmaier A, Lockette W |title=Mechanism of epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation |journal=Hypertension |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=603–7 |date=February 1998 |pmid=9461228 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Epinephrine]]<ref name="pmid9461228">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spalding A, Vaitkevicius H, Dill S, MacKenzie S, Schmaier A, Lockette W |title=Mechanism of epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation |journal=Hypertension |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=603–7 |date=February 1998 |pmid=9461228 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unknown
* Unknown
* Activation of chloride transport
* Activation of chloride transport
Line 853: Line 851:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Anaphylaxis]]
* [[Anaphylaxis]]
* Respiratory diseases
* Respiratory diseases
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
* Diaphoretic
* Diaphoretic
Line 864: Line 862:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Dizziness]]
* [[Dizziness]]
* [[Tremor]]
* [[Tremor]]
Line 872: Line 870:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Thrombosis|Thromboembolic]] complications
* [[Thrombosis|Thromboembolic]] complications
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Glucocorticoids]]<ref name="NeelSnyder2012">{{cite journal|last1=Neel|first1=Jennifer A.|last2=Snyder|first2=Laura|last3=Grindem|first3=Carol B.|title=Thrombocytosis: a retrospective study of 165 dogs|journal=Veterinary Clinical Pathology|volume=41|issue=2|year=2012|pages=216–222|issn=02756382|doi=10.1111/j.1939-165X.2012.00416.x}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Glucocorticoids]]<ref name="NeelSnyder2012">{{cite journal|last1=Neel|first1=Jennifer A.|last2=Snyder|first2=Laura|last3=Grindem|first3=Carol B.|title=Thrombocytosis: a retrospective study of 165 dogs|journal=Veterinary Clinical Pathology|volume=41|issue=2|year=2012|pages=216–222|issn=02756382|doi=10.1111/j.1939-165X.2012.00416.x}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
* Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 893: Line 891:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Cancer|Malignancy]]
* [[Cancer|Malignancy]]
* [[Autoimmunity|Autoimmune diseases]]
* [[Autoimmunity|Autoimmune diseases]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Obesity|Obese]]
* [[Obesity|Obese]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Easy [[Bruise|bruising]]
* Easy [[Bruise|bruising]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Abdominal pain]]  
* [[Abdominal pain]]  
* [[Muscle weakness]]  
* [[Muscle weakness]]  
Line 912: Line 910:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
* Large numbers of microspherocytes
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Thrombosis|Thromboembolic]] complications
* [[Thrombosis|Thromboembolic]] complications
* [[Cushing's syndrome|Cushing syndrome]]
* [[Cushing's syndrome|Cushing syndrome]]
Line 928: Line 926:
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Antibiotic|Antibiotics]]<ref name="pmid23111864">{{cite journal |vauthors=Scharf RE |title=Drugs that affect platelet function |journal=Semin. Thromb. Hemost. |volume=38 |issue=8 |pages=865–83 |date=November 2012 |pmid=23111864 |doi=10.1055/s-0032-1328881 |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Antibiotic|Antibiotics]]<ref name="pmid23111864">{{cite journal |vauthors=Scharf RE |title=Drugs that affect platelet function |journal=Semin. Thromb. Hemost. |volume=38 |issue=8 |pages=865–83 |date=November 2012 |pmid=23111864 |doi=10.1055/s-0032-1328881 |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unclear
* Unclear
* Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
* Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
Line 938: Line 936:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Infection]]
* [[Infection]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 946: Line 944:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Poor prognosis
* Poor prognosis
* [[Thrombosis]]
* [[Thrombosis]]
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Thrombopoietin]]<ref name="pmid24499199">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hitchcock IS, Kaushansky K |title=Thrombopoietin from beginning to end |journal=Br. J. Haematol. |volume=165 |issue=2 |pages=259–68 |date=April 2014 |pmid=24499199 |doi=10.1111/bjh.12772 |url=}}</ref><ref name="TeofiliGiona2010">{{cite journal|last1=Teofili|first1=Luciana|last2=Giona|first2=Fiorina|last3=Martini|first3=Maurizio|last4=Torti|first4=Lorenza|last5=Cenci|first5=Tonia|last6=Foà|first6=Robin|last7=Leone|first7=Giuseppe|last8=Larocca|first8=Luigi M.|title=Thrombopoietin Receptor Activation, Thrombopoietin Mimetic Drugs, and Hereditary Thrombocytosis: Remarks on Bone Marrow Fibrosis|journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology|volume=28|issue=19|year=2010|pages=e317–e318|issn=0732-183X|doi=10.1200/JCO.2010.29.0387}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Thrombopoietin]]<ref name="pmid24499199">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hitchcock IS, Kaushansky K |title=Thrombopoietin from beginning to end |journal=Br. J. Haematol. |volume=165 |issue=2 |pages=259–68 |date=April 2014 |pmid=24499199 |doi=10.1111/bjh.12772 |url=}}</ref><ref name="TeofiliGiona2010">{{cite journal|last1=Teofili|first1=Luciana|last2=Giona|first2=Fiorina|last3=Martini|first3=Maurizio|last4=Torti|first4=Lorenza|last5=Cenci|first5=Tonia|last6=Foà|first6=Robin|last7=Leone|first7=Giuseppe|last8=Larocca|first8=Luigi M.|title=Thrombopoietin Receptor Activation, Thrombopoietin Mimetic Drugs, and Hereditary Thrombocytosis: Remarks on Bone Marrow Fibrosis|journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology|volume=28|issue=19|year=2010|pages=e317–e318|issn=0732-183X|doi=10.1200/JCO.2010.29.0387}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
* Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
* Thrombopoiesis
* Thrombopoiesis
Line 974: Line 972:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Malignancy
* [[Malignancy]]
* Chemotherapy
* [[Chemotherapy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Chronically ill
* Chronically ill
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 984: Line 982:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* Large [[Platelet|platelets]]
* Large [[Platelet|platelets]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Poor prognosis
* Poor prognosis
* [[Thrombosis]]
* [[Thrombosis]]
Line 1,032: Line 1,030:
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Other
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Other
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Post-splenectomy or functional [[asplenia]]<ref name="pmid22203487">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vlachaki E, Kalogeridis A, Neokleous N, Perifanis V, Klonizakis F, Ioannidou E, Klonizakis I |title=Absence of JAK2V617F mutation in patients with beta-thalassemia major and thrombocytosis due to splenectomy |journal=Mol. Biol. Rep. |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=6101–5 |date=May 2012 |pmid=22203487 |doi=10.1007/s11033-011-1425-7 |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Post-splenectomy or functional [[asplenia]]<ref name="pmid22203487">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vlachaki E, Kalogeridis A, Neokleous N, Perifanis V, Klonizakis F, Ioannidou E, Klonizakis I |title=Absence of JAK2V617F mutation in patients with beta-thalassemia major and thrombocytosis due to splenectomy |journal=Mol. Biol. Rep. |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=6101–5 |date=May 2012 |pmid=22203487 |doi=10.1007/s11033-011-1425-7 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Reduced platelet turnover
* Reduced [[platelet]] turnover
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 1,040: Line 1,038:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Prior surgical removal of the spleen
* Prior surgical removal of the spleen
* [[Sickle-cell disease|Sickle cell disease]]
* [[Sickle-cell disease|Sickle cell disease]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Normal
* Normal
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 1,054: Line 1,052:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Howell-Jolly body|Howell-Jolly bodies]]
* [[Howell-Jolly body|Howell-Jolly bodies]]
* Nucleated [[Red blood cell|RBCs]]
* Nucleated [[Red blood cell|RBCs]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Small or no spleen on CT scan
* Small or no [[spleen]] on [[CT scan]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Incidental laboratory finding
* Incidental laboratory finding
* [[Thrombosis]]
* [[Thrombosis]]
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Allergy|Allergic reactions]]<ref name="pmid8603285">{{cite journal |vauthors=Randi ML, Rossi C, Fabris F, Zerbinati P, Girolami A |title=Atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases with thrombocytosis: a possible link |journal=Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. |volume=75 |issue=6 Pt 1 |pages=530–2 |date=December 1995 |pmid=8603285 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Allergy|Allergic reactions]]<ref name="pmid8603285">{{cite journal |vauthors=Randi ML, Rossi C, Fabris F, Zerbinati P, Girolami A |title=Atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases with thrombocytosis: a possible link |journal=Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. |volume=75 |issue=6 Pt 1 |pages=530–2 |date=December 1995 |pmid=8603285 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Unknown
* Unknown
* Activation of chloride transport
* Activation of chloride transport
Line 1,078: Line 1,076:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Anaphylaxis]]
* [[Anaphylaxis]]
* Respiratory diseases
* Respiratory diseases
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acutely ill
* Acutely ill
* Diaphoretic
* Diaphoretic
Line 1,089: Line 1,087:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Dizziness]]
* [[Dizziness]]
* [[Tremor]]
* [[Tremor]]
Line 1,097: Line 1,095:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Poor prognosis
* Poor prognosis
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Physical exercise|Exercise]]<ref name="pmid25573725">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beck WR, Scariot PP, Gobatto CA |title=Primary and secondary thrombocytosis induced by exercise and environmental luminosity |journal=Bratisl Lek Listy |volume=115 |issue=10 |pages=607–10 |date=2014 |pmid=25573725 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Physical exercise|Exercise]]<ref name="pmid25573725">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beck WR, Scariot PP, Gobatto CA |title=Primary and secondary thrombocytosis induced by exercise and environmental luminosity |journal=Bratisl Lek Listy |volume=115 |issue=10 |pages=607–10 |date=2014 |pmid=25573725 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Increased megakaryocyte proliferation
* Increased megakaryocyte proliferation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
Line 1,118: Line 1,116:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Athlete
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Athlete
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Exercise
* Exercise
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 1,130: Line 1,128:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
* [[Myelofibrosis|Megakaryocytic]] fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
* Proliferation of [[Megakaryocyte|megakaryocytes]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Depends on the etiology
* Depends on the etiology
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
Line 1,143: Line 1,141:
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pseudothrombocytosis
! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pseudothrombocytosis
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cryoglobulinemia|Mixed cryoglobulinemia]]<ref name="pmid3818970">{{cite journal |vauthors=Patel KJ, Hughes CG, Parapia LA |title=Pseudoleucocytosis and pseudothrombocytosis due to cryoglobulinaemia |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=120–1 |date=January 1987 |pmid=3818970 |pmc=1140844 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cryoglobulinemia|Mixed cryoglobulinemia]]<ref name="pmid3818970">{{cite journal |vauthors=Patel KJ, Hughes CG, Parapia LA |title=Pseudoleucocytosis and pseudothrombocytosis due to cryoglobulinaemia |journal=J. Clin. Pathol. |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=120–1 |date=January 1987 |pmid=3818970 |pmc=1140844 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Falsely elevated
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Falsely elevated
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 1,150: Line 1,149:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Any
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Cancer|Malignancy]]
* [[Cancer|Malignancy]]
* [[Autoimmune disease]]
* [[Autoimmune disease]]
* [[Infection]]
* [[Infection]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Atypical cutaneous ulcers
* Atypical cutaneous ulcers
* Palpable [[purpura]]
* Palpable [[purpura]]
Line 1,162: Line 1,161:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Headache]]
* [[Headache]]
* [[Confusion]]
* [[Confusion]]
Line 1,171: Line 1,170:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cytoplasmic fragments
* Cytoplasmic fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
Line 1,178: Line 1,177:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Skin biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Skin biopsy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Vasculitis]]
* [[Vasculitis]]
* [[Neuropathy]]
* [[Neuropathy]]
Line 1,184: Line 1,183:
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Cytoplasmic fragments<ref name="AkinciHacibekiroglu2013">{{cite journal|last1=Akinci|first1=Sema|last2=Hacibekiroglu|first2=Tuba|last3=Basturk|first3=Abdulkadir|last4=Bakanay|first4=Sule Mine|last5=Guney|first5=Tekin|last6=Dilek|first6=Imdat|title=Pseudothrombocytosis due to Microerythrocytosis: A Case of Beta Thalassemia Minor Complicated with Iron Deficiency Anemia|journal=Acta Haematologica|volume=130|issue=2|year=2013|pages=61–63|issn=1421-9662|doi=10.1159/000346434}}</ref>
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Cytoplasmic fragments<ref name="AkinciHacibekiroglu2013">{{cite journal|last1=Akinci|first1=Sema|last2=Hacibekiroglu|first2=Tuba|last3=Basturk|first3=Abdulkadir|last4=Bakanay|first4=Sule Mine|last5=Guney|first5=Tekin|last6=Dilek|first6=Imdat|title=Pseudothrombocytosis due to Microerythrocytosis: A Case of Beta Thalassemia Minor Complicated with Iron Deficiency Anemia|journal=Acta Haematologica|volume=130|issue=2|year=2013|pages=61–63|issn=1421-9662|doi=10.1159/000346434}}</ref>
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Falsely elevated
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Falsely elevated
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
Line 1,202: Line 1,202:
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cytoplasmic fragments
* Cytoplasmic fragments
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl

Revision as of 20:05, 4 September 2018

Thrombocytosis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Overview

Thrombocytosis Differential Diagnosis

Differentiating the diseases that can cause thrombocytosis :

Category Condition Etiology Mechanism Inherited Acquried Clinical manifestations Para−clinical findings Gold standard Associated findings
Demography History Symptoms Signs
Lab Findings Imaging
Fever Appearance Bleeding BP Splenomegaly Jaundice Other CBC PBS Bone marrow exam PT PTT
Increased megakaryocyte proliferation Accelerated platelet release Reduced platelet turnover Plt HB WBC
Autonomous thrombocytosis Hematologic malignancies Essential thrombocythemia[1]
  • Acquired mutation of JAK2, CALR, or MPL
+ - - - + Mean age >60 years old, female > male ±
  • Flushing
+ Nl + - ↑↑
  • Increased cellularity
  • Hyperplasia and clustering of megakaryocytes
  • Bone marrow reticulin may be increased with no collagen fibrosis
Nl Nl Bone marrow biopsy
  • Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
Polycythemia vera[2]
  • Acquired mutation of JAK2
+ - - - + Mean age >60 years old -
  • Facial plethora
± Nl + - ↑↑ Bone marrow biopsy
  • Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
Primary myelofibrosis[3] + - - - + Mean age >60 years old, male> female - + Nl + + ↑/↓ Bone marrow biopsy
  • Thrombo-hemorrhagic complications
  • Variable risk for development of acute leukemia
Chronic myeloid leukemia[4] + - - - + Mean age >50 years old, male> female History of exposure to: + + Nl + -
  • Immature leukocytes
  • Leukemic blasts
  • Leukoerythroblastic features
  • Giant platelets
  • Blast crisis
  • ↑ Proportion of metamyelocytes and other white blood cells at various stages of maturation
Bone marrow biopsy
  • Increase of immature myeloid cells
Acute myeloid leukemia[5]
  • Unknown
+ - - - + Median age of 63 years old + + Nl + + ↑/↓ ↑/↓
  • Leukemic blasts
  • Leukoerythroblastic features
  • Giant platelets
  • "Dry tap" on aspiration
  • Leukemic cells
NA Bone marrow examination + clinical manifestation
Myelodysplastic syndromes[6]
  • Unknown
  • Mutation
+ - - -/+ + Elderly Exposure to +/- Petechiae, purpura, diffuse erythematous rash + Nl + + ↑/↓
  • Large platelets
  • Ovalomacrocytosis
  • Basophilic stippling
  • Howell-Jolly body
  • Pelger-Huet anomaly
  • Ring sideroblasts
Nl Nl NA Bone marrow examination + clinical manifestation
Condition Etiology Increased megakaryocyte proliferation Accelerated platelet release Reduced platelet turnover Inherited Acquried Demography History Fever Appearance Bleeding BP Splenomegaly Jaundice Other signs Plt HB WBC PBS Bone marrow exam PT PTT Imaging Gold standard Associated findings
Familial thrombocytosis[7][8]
  • Mutation in TPO and MPL
+ - - + - Rare familial disease, middle age male and female
  • Family history of thrombocytosis
- Normal - Nl - - - Nl Nl Nl Nl NA Genetic study
Reactive thrombocytosis Anemia/

blood loss[9]

+ - - - + Any - + Nl to ↓ - - Depends on the etilogy Nl Nl Nl NA Clinical manifestation
  • Required iron studies
Infection Chronic infections + + - - + Any + ± Nl to ↓ - ± Depends on the etilogy Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Culture Depends on the etilogy
Tuberculosis + + - - + Any
  • History of close contact
+
  • Cachectic
- Nl - - Nl Nl Nl
  • Cavitation on chest imaging
Clinical manifestation+ culture
Acute bacterial and viral infections + + - - + Any
  • History of close contact
+
  • Acutely ill
- Nl - - Depends on the etilogy Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation+ culture
  • Depends on the etiology
Inflammation Vasculitides[10]
  • Unknown
+ + - ± + Any
  • Family history of rheumatologic isorders
+
  • Acutely ill
+ Nl - - Nl to ↓ Nl to ↑ Nl to ↑
  • Depends on the type
Clinical manifestation+ culture
  • Depends on the type
Acute pancreatitis + + - - + Any +
  • Acutely ill
- Nl to ↓ - + Nl to ↓ Nl to ↑ Nl to ↑ Clinical manifestation
Malignancy[11] + + - ± ± Any
  • Prior malignancy
  • Exposure to chemicals
  • Family history of malignancy
+
  • Cachectic
- Nl to ↓ Depends on the type -
  • Tenderness
Nl to ↓ Nl to ↑ Nl to ↑
  • Depends on the type
Biopsy
Condition Etiology Increased megakaryocyte proliferation Accelerated platelet release Reduced platelet turnover Inherited Acquried Demography History Fever Appearance Bleeding BP Splenomegaly Jaundice Other signs Plt HB WBC PBS Bone marrow exam PT PTT Imaging Gold standard Associated findings
Tissue damage Thermal burns[12] - + - - + Any
  • Thermal burn
+
  • Acutely ill
± Nl to ↓ - ± Nl to ↓ Nl to ↑ Nl to ↑
  • Depend on the involvement
Clinical manifestation
Trauma[13] - + - - + Any ±
  • Acutely ill
± Nl to ↓ - - Nl to ↓ Nl Nl
  • Depend on the involvement
  • Fracture on xrays
Clinical manifestation
  • Sepsis
  • Associated with higher rates of complications
Myocardial infarction[14] - + - - + Elderly ±
  • Acutely ill
  • Diaphoretic
- Nl to ↓ - - Nl to ↓ Nl Nl Clinical manifestation + enzymes elevation
Medication[15] Vincristine[16]
  • Increased megakaryocytic differentiation
- + - - + Any -
  • Cachectic
- Nl + - Nl to ↓ Nl to ↑ Nl to ↑
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
Epinephrine[17]
  • Unknown
  • Activation of chloride transport
+ + - - + Any -
  • Acutely ill
  • Diaphoretic
- Nl to ↓ - - Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
Glucocorticoids[18]
  • Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
+ + - - + Any + Nl to ↓ - - Nl to ↓ Nl to ↑ Nl to ↑
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
Antibiotics[19] + + - - + Any + Nl ± Nl - -
  • Depends on the etiology
Nl Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
Thrombopoietin[20][21]
  • Stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis
  • Thrombopoiesis
+ - - - + Any +
  • Chronically ill
- Nl to ↑ - -
  • Depends on the etiology
Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation + history of drug consumption
Condition Etiology Increased megakaryocyte proliferation Accelerated platelet release Reduced platelet turnover Inherited Acquried Demography History Fever Appearance Bleeding BP Splenomegaly Jaundice Other signs Plt HB WBC PBS Bone marrow exam PT PTT Imaging Gold standard Associated findings
Other Post-splenectomy or functional asplenia[22] - - + - + Any ±
  • Normal
+ Nl Asplenia - - Nl Nl Clinical manifestation
Allergic reactions[23]
  • Unknown
  • Activation of chloride transport
+ + - - + Any -
  • Acutely ill
  • Diaphoretic
- Nl to ↓ - - Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation
  • Poor prognosis
Exercise[24]
  • Increased megakaryocyte proliferation
+ + - - + Athlete
  • Exercise
- Normal - Nl - - NA Nl Nl
  • Depends on the etiology
Clinical manifestation NA
Pseudothrombocytosis Mixed cryoglobulinemia[25]
  • Falsely elevated
- - - - - Any -
  • Atypical cutaneous ulcers
  • Palpable purpura
- Nl - - Nl to ↓
  • Cytoplasmic fragments
Nl Nl Nl NA Skin biopsy
Cytoplasmic fragments[26]
  • Falsely elevated
- - - - - Any NA - Normal - Nl - - NA Nl Nl
  • Cytoplasmic fragments
Nl Nl Nl Nl Repeat NA

References

  1. Brière, Jean B (2007). Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-2-3. ISSN 1750-1172. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. Arber, D. A.; Orazi, A.; Hasserjian, R.; Thiele, J.; Borowitz, M. J.; Le Beau, M. M.; Bloomfield, C. D.; Cazzola, M.; Vardiman, J. W. (2016). "The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia". Blood. 127 (20): 2391–2405. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-03-643544. ISSN 0006-4971.
  3. Tefferi, Ayalew; Lasho, Terra L.; Jimma, Thitina; Finke, Christy M.; Gangat, Naseema; Vaidya, Rakhee; Begna, Kebede H.; Al-Kali, Aref; Ketterling, Rhett P.; Hanson, Curtis A.; Pardanani, Animesh (2012). "One Thousand Patients With Primary Myelofibrosis: The Mayo Clinic Experience". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 87 (1): 25–33. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2011.11.001. ISSN 0025-6196.
  4. Thompson, Philip A.; Kantarjian, Hagop M.; Cortes, Jorge E. (2015). "Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in 2015". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 90 (10): 1440–1454. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.08.010. ISSN 0025-6196.
  5. Rose-Inman, Hayley; Kuehl, Damon (2014). "Acute Leukemia". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 32 (3): 579–596. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2014.04.004. ISSN 0733-8627.
  6. Natelson, Ethan A.; Pyatt, David (2013). "Acquired Myelodysplasia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Clearing the Fog". Advances in Hematology. 2013: 1–11. doi:10.1155/2013/309637. ISSN 1687-9104.
  7. Ding, J. (2004). "Familial essential thrombocythemia associated with a dominant-positive activating mutation of the c-MPL gene, which encodes for the receptor for thrombopoietin". Blood. 103 (11): 4198–4200. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-10-3471. ISSN 0006-4971.
  8. Wiestner, A.; Padosch, S. A.; Ghilardi, N.; Cesar, J. M.; Odriozola, J.; Shapiro, A.; Skoda, R. C. (2000). "Hereditary thrombocythaemia is a genetically heterogeneous disorder: exclusion of TPO and MPL in two families with hereditary thrombocythaemia". British Journal of Haematology. 110 (1): 104–109. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02169.x. ISSN 0007-1048.
  9. Kuter, David J. (1996). "The Physiology of Platelet Production". Stem Cells. 14 (S1): 88–101. doi:10.1002/stem.5530140711. ISSN 1066-5099.
  10. Hamblin T, Oscier D (September 1978). "Polyarteritis presenting with thrombocytosis and palliated by plasma exchange". Postgrad Med J. 54 (635): 615–7. PMC 2425233. PMID 82963.
  11. Yang, Chen; Jiang, Hui; Huang, Shaozhuo; Hong, Hui; Huang, Xiaowen; Wang, Xiaojie; Liao, Weixin; Wang, Xueyi; Chen, Xuewen; Jiang, Liming (2018). "The prognostic role of pretreatment thrombocytosis in gastric cancer". Medicine. 97 (31): e11763. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000011763. ISSN 0025-7974.
  12. Dinsdale, R. J.; Devi, A.; Hampson, P.; Wearn, C. M.; Bamford, A. L.; Hazeldine, J.; Bishop, J.; Ahmed, S.; Watson, C.; Lord, J. M.; Moiemen, N.; Harrison, P. (2017). "Changes in novel haematological parameters following thermal injury: A prospective observational cohort study". Scientific Reports. 7 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03222-w. ISSN 2045-2322.
  13. Salim, Ali; Hadjizacharia, Pantelis; DuBose, Joseph; Kobayashi, Leslie; Inaba, Kenji; Chan, Linda S.; Margulies, Daniel R. (2009). "What is the Significance of Thrombocytosis in Patients With Trauma?". The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. 66 (5): 1349–1354. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e318191b8af. ISSN 0022-5282.
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