Spontaneous coronary artery dissection risk factors: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
 
(41 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Spontaneous coronary artery dissection}}
{{Spontaneous coronary artery dissection}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{NRM}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Sara.Zand}} {{NRM}} {{AKK}}


{{SK}} SCAD
{{SK}} SCAD
Line 7: Line 7:
==Overview==
==Overview==


The [[risk factors]] for [[spontaneous coronary artery dissection]] include predisposing factors ( [[vasculopathy]], [[pregnancy]], [[connective tissue disorder]], [[systemic inflammation]]) and precipitating stressors (e.g., [[exercise|strenuous exercise]], [[emotional stress]], [[recreational drugs]]).Features that raise the index of suspicion for [[SCAD]] include [[myocardial infarction]] in young women (age ≤50), absence of traditional [[Cardiovascular disease#Risk factors|cardiovascular risk factors]], little or no evidence of [[coronary atherosclerosis]], [[peripartum|peripartum state]], history of [[fibromuscular dysplasia]], history of [[connective tissue disorder]] or [[systemic inflammation]].
==Risk Factors==
*The phenotypic manifestation of [[spontaneous coronary artery dissection]] ([[SCAD]]) may occur as a result of predisposing factors compounded by precipitating [[stressors]].<ref name="SawMancini2016">{{cite journal|last1=Saw|first1=Jacqueline|last2=Mancini|first2=G.B. John|last3=Humphries|first3=Karin H.|title=Contemporary Review on Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=68|issue=3|year=2016|pages=297–312|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.034}}</ref>
*The presence of either predisposing or precipitating factors increases the risk of developing a [[dissection]].
* The potential risk factors for [[SCAD]] include:<ref name="SawAymong2014">{{cite journal|last1=Saw|first1=J.|last2=Aymong|first2=E.|last3=Sedlak|first3=T.|last4=Buller|first4=C. E.|last5=Starovoytov|first5=A.|last6=Ricci|first6=D.|last7=Robinson|first7=S.|last8=Vuurmans|first8=T.|last9=Gao|first9=M.|last10=Humphries|first10=K.|last11=Mancini|first11=G. B. J.|title=Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Association With Predisposing Arteriopathies and Precipitating Stressors and Cardiovascular Outcomes|journal=Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions|volume=7|issue=5|year=2014|pages=645–655|issn=1941-7640|doi=10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.114.001760}}</ref><ref name="AdlamAlfonso2018">{{cite journal|last1=Adlam|first1=David|last2=Alfonso|first2=Fernando|last3=Maas|first3=Angela|last4=Vrints|first4=Christiaan|last5=al-Hussaini|first5=Abtehale|last6=Bueno|first6=Hector|last7=Capranzano|first7=Piera|last8=Gevaert|first8=Sofie|last9=Hoole|first9=Stephen P|last10=Johnson|first10=Tom|last11=Lettieri|first11=Corrado|last12=Maeder|first12=Micha T|last13=Motreff|first13=Pascal|last14=Ong|first14=Peter|last15=Persu|first15=Alexandre|last16=Rickli|first16=Hans|last17=Schiele|first17=Francois|last18=Sheppard|first18=Mary N|last19=Swahn|first19=Eva|title=European Society of Cardiology, acute cardiovascular care association, SCAD study group: a position paper on spontaneous coronary artery dissection|journal=European Heart Journal|year=2018|issn=0195-668X|doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehy080}}</ref><ref name="HayesKim2018">{{cite journal|last1=Hayes|first1=Sharonne N.|last2=Kim|first2=Esther S.H.|last3=Saw|first3=Jacqueline|last4=Adlam|first4=David|last5=Arslanian-Engoren|first5=Cynthia|last6=Economy|first6=Katherine E.|last7=Ganesh|first7=Santhi K.|last8=Gulati|first8=Rajiv|last9=Lindsay|first9=Mark E.|last10=Mieres|first10=Jennifer H.|last11=Naderi|first11=Sahar|last12=Shah|first12=Svati|last13=Thaler|first13=David E.|last14=Tweet|first14=Marysia S.|last15=Wood|first15=Malissa J.|title=Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Current State of the Science: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association|journal=Circulation|volume=137|issue=19|year=2018|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000564}}</ref>




==Risk Factors==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"
* [[Atherosclerosis]]
! style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center; width: 150px;" |{{fontcolor|#FFF|Risk factor}}
* [[Bicuspid aortic stenosis]]<ref>Archives of cardiovascular diseases. Volume 102, n° 12 pages 857-858 (décembre 2009).</ref>
! style="background: #4479BA; text-align: center; width: 850px;" colspan=2 | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Condition}}
* [[Chest trauma]]
|-
* [[Cocaine abuse]]<ref name="pmid19850267">{{cite journal |author=Ijsselmuiden A, Verheye S |title=Cocaine-induced coronary artery dissection |journal=[[JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions]] |volume=2 |issue=10 |pages=1031 |year=2009 |month=October |pmid=19850267 |doi=10.1016/j.jcin.2009.07.011 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8289869">{{cite journal |author=Jaffe BD, Broderick TM, Leier CV |title=Cocaine-induced coronary-artery dissection |journal=[[The New England Journal of Medicine]] |volume=330 |issue=7 |pages=510–1 |year=1994 |month=February |pmid=8289869 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199402173300719 |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Predisposing factors'''
* [[Connective tissue diseases|Connective tissue diseases:]] [[Marfan's syndrome]], [[Ehlers Danlos syndrome|Ehlers Danlos syndrome, and]] [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]]<ref name="pmid18958258">{{cite journal |author=Tanis W, Stella PR, Kirkels JH, Pijlman AH, Peters RH, de Man FH |title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: current insights and therapy |journal=Neth Heart J |volume=16 |issue=10 |pages=344–9 |year=2008 |month=October |pmid=18958258 |pmc=2570766 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19708230">{{cite journal |author=Fontanelli A, Olivari Z, La Vecchia L, ''et al.'' |title=Spontaneous dissections of coronary arteries and acute coronary syndromes: rationale and design of the DISCOVERY, a multicenter prospective registry with a case-control group |journal=[[Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine (Hagerstown, Md.)]] |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=94–9 |year=2009 |month=January |pmid=19708230 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" colspan="2;"|
* [[Copper deficiency]]
* '''[[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]'''
* [[Coronary artery vasospasm]]
* '''[[Pregnancy|Pregnancy-related]]:''' [[antepartum]], [[postpartum|early post-partum]], [[postpartum|late post-partum]], [[postpartum|very late post-partum]]
* [[Emotional stress]]<ref name="pmid25294399">{{cite journal| author=Saw J, Aymong E, Sedlak T, Buller CE, Starovoytov A, Ricci D et al.| title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: association with predisposing arteriopathies and precipitating stressors and cardiovascular outcomes. | journal=Circ Cardiovasc Interv | year= 2014 | volume= 7 | issue= 5 | pages= 645-55 | pmid=25294399 | doi=10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.114.001760 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25294399  }} </ref><ref name="pmid23266235">{{cite journal| author=Saw J, Ricci D, Starovoytov A, Fox R, Buller CE| title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: prevalence of predisposing conditions including fibromuscular dysplasia in a tertiary center cohort. | journal=JACC Cardiovasc Interv | year= 2013 | volume= 6 | issue= 1 | pages= 44-52 | pmid=23266235 | doi=10.1016/j.jcin.2012.08.017 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23266235  }} </ref>
* '''[[Pregnancy|Recurrent pregnancies]]:''' [[Parity (medicine)|multiparity ≥ 4 births]], [[multigravida]]
* [[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]<ref name="Tweet-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Tweet | first1 = MS. | last2 = Hayes | first2 = SN. | last3 = Pitta | first3 = SR. | last4 = Simari | first4 = RD. | last5 = Lerman | first5 = A. | last6 = Lennon | first6 = RJ. | last7 = Gersh | first7 = BJ. | last8 = Khambatta | first8 = S. | last9 = Best | first9 = PJ. | title = Clinical features, management, and prognosis of spontaneous coronary artery dissection. | journal = Circulation | volume = 126 | issue = 5 | pages = 579-88 | month = Jul | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.105718 | PMID = 22800851 }}</ref><ref name="pmid25294399">{{cite journal| author=Saw J, Aymong E, Sedlak T, Buller CE, Starovoytov A, Ricci D et al.| title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: association with predisposing arteriopathies and precipitating stressors and cardiovascular outcomes. | journal=Circ Cardiovasc Interv | year= 2014 | volume= 7 | issue= 5 | pages= 645-55 | pmid=25294399 | doi=10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.114.001760 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25294399  }} </ref><ref name="pmid23266235">{{cite journal| author=Saw J, Ricci D, Starovoytov A, Fox R, Buller CE| title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: prevalence of predisposing conditions including fibromuscular dysplasia in a tertiary center cohort. | journal=JACC Cardiovasc Interv | year= 2013 | volume= 6 | issue= 1 | pages= 44-52 | pmid=23266235 | doi=10.1016/j.jcin.2012.08.017 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23266235  }} </ref>
* '''[[Connective tissue disorder]]:''' [[Marfan syndrome]], [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]], [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome|Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type 4]], [[neurofibromatosis type I]], [[cystic medial necrosis]], [[alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]], [[polycystic kidney disease]], [[lysyl oxidase|lysyl oxidase deficiency]], [[Alport syndrome]], [[pseudoxanthoma elasticum]]
* [[Hypersensitivity angiitis]]
* '''[[Systemic inflammation|Systemic inflammatory disease]]:''' [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[Crohn's disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[Kawasaki disease]], [[giant cell arteritis]], [[celiac disease]], [[Takayasu arteritis]], [[cryoglobulinemia]], [[Behçet's disease]]
* [[Pregnancy|Pregnancy-related]]<ref name="pmid23266235">{{cite journal| author=Saw J, Ricci D, Starovoytov A, Fox R, Buller CE| title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: prevalence of predisposing conditions including fibromuscular dysplasia in a tertiary center cohort. | journal=JACC Cardiovasc Interv | year= 2013 | volume= 6 | issue= 1 | pages= 44-52 | pmid=23266235 | doi=10.1016/j.jcin.2012.08.017 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23266235  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25403597">{{cite journal| author=Vijayaraghavan R, Verma S, Gupta N, Saw J| title=Pregnancy-related spontaneous coronary artery dissection. | journal=Circulation | year= 2014 | volume= 130 | issue= 21 | pages= 1915-20 | pmid=25403597 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011422 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25403597  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26928981">{{cite journal| author=Cade JR, Szarf G, de Siqueira ME, Chaves Á, Andréa JC, Figueira HR et al.| title=Pregnancy-associated spontaneous coronary artery dissection: insights from a case series of 13 patients. | journal=Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging | year= 2016 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=26928981 | doi=10.1093/ehjci/jew021 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26928981  }} </ref>
* '''[[disease|Other disease]]:''' [[polycythemia vera]], [[hypothyroidism]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
* '''[[Hormonal therapy]]:''' [[oral contraceptive]], [[estrogen]], [[progesterone]], [[beta-HCG]], [[testosterone]], [[corticosteroids]], [[clomiphene]], [[polycystic ovarian syndrome]]
* [[Exercise|Strenuous physical activity]]<ref name="pmid12403896">{{cite journal |author=Choi JW, Davidson CJ |title=Spontaneous multivessel coronary artery dissection in a long-distance runner successfully treated with oral antiplatelet therapy |journal=[[The Journal of Invasive Cardiology]] |volume=14 |issue=11 |pages=675–8 |year=2002 |month=November |pmid=12403896 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7606975">{{cite journal |author=Sherrid MV, Mieres J, Mogtader A, Menezes N, Steinberg G |title=Onset during exercise of spontaneous coronary artery dissection and sudden death. Occurrence in a trained athlete: case report and review of prior cases |journal=[[Chest]] |volume=108 |issue=1 |pages=284–7 |year=1995 |month=July |pmid=7606975 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* '''[[Takotsubo cardiomyopathy]]'''
* [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]<ref name="pmid12403902">{{cite journal |author=Aldoboni AH, Hamza EA, Majdi K, Ngibzadhe M, Palasaidi S, Moayed DA |title=Spontaneous dissection of coronary artery treated by primary stenting as the first presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus |journal=[[The Journal of Invasive Cardiology]] |volume=14 |issue=11 |pages=694–6 |year=2002 |month=November |pmid=12403902 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* '''[[Atherosclerosis]]'''
* [[Vasculitis]]<ref name="pmid8665336">{{cite journal| author=Basso C, Morgagni GL, Thiene G| title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a neglected cause of acute myocardial ischaemia and sudden death. | journal=Heart | year= 1996 | volume= 75 | issue= 5 | pages= 451-4 | pmid=8665336 | doi= | pmc=PMC484340 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8665336  }} </ref><ref name="pmid18958258">{{cite journal |author=Tanis W, Stella PR, Kirkels JH, Pijlman AH, Peters RH, de Man FH |title=Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: current insights and therapy |journal=Neth Heart J |volume=16 |issue=10 |pages=344–9 |year=2008 |month=October |pmid=18958258 |pmc=2570766 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* '''[[Idiopathic]]'''
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Precipitating stressors'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" colspan="2;"|
* '''[[exercise|Intense exercises]]:''' [[isometric exercise]], [[aerobic exercise]]
* ''' [[ emotional stress|Intense emotional stress]]'''
* '''[[Labor|Labor and delivery]]'''
* '''[[Valsalva maneuver|Valsava-type activities]]:''' [[retching]], [[vomiting]], [[bowel movement]], [[coughing]]
* '''[[Recreational drugs]]:''' [[cocaine]], [[amphetamines]], [[methamphetamines]]
* '''[[Hormonal therapy]]:''' [[beta-HCG]], [[corticosteroids]], [[clomiphen]]
* '''[[Drugs]]:''' [[Calcineurin|calcineurin inhibitors]], [[5-FU]], [[fenfluramine]], [[corticosteroids]], [[methylphenidate]], [[ergotamine]], [[sumatriptan]]
|}
*After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, predisposing [[arteriopathies]], [[precipitating stressors]], [[medications]], and [[revascularization]], [[hypertension]] increased the risk of [[SCAD]] recurrence by 2.5 times, whereas [[beta-blocker]] usage reduced the recurrence risk by 64%.<ref name="SawHumphries2017">{{cite journal|last1=Saw|first1=Jacqueline|last2=Humphries|first2=Karin|last3=Aymong|first3=Eve|last4=Sedlak|first4=Tara|last5=Prakash|first5=Roshan|last6=Starovoytov|first6=Andrew|last7=Mancini|first7=G.B. John|title=Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=70|issue=9|year=2017|pages=1148–1158|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.053}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 23:19, 5 May 2021

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Microchapters

Home

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Spontaneous coronary artery dissection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Approach

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Angiography

CT

MRI

Echocardiography

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Treatment Approach

Medical Therapy

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Type 1

Type 2A

Type 2B

Type 3

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Nate Michalak, B.A. Arzu Kalayci, M.D. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: SCAD

Overview

The risk factors for spontaneous coronary artery dissection include predisposing factors ( vasculopathy, pregnancy, connective tissue disorder, systemic inflammation) and precipitating stressors (e.g., strenuous exercise, emotional stress, recreational drugs).Features that raise the index of suspicion for SCAD include myocardial infarction in young women (age ≤50), absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, little or no evidence of coronary atherosclerosis, peripartum state, history of fibromuscular dysplasia, history of connective tissue disorder or systemic inflammation.

Risk Factors


Risk factor Condition
Predisposing factors
Precipitating stressors

References

  1. ↑ Saw, Jacqueline; Mancini, G.B. John; Humphries, Karin H. (2016). "Contemporary Review on Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 68 (3): 297–312. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.034. ISSN 0735-1097.
  2. ↑ Saw, J.; Aymong, E.; Sedlak, T.; Buller, C. E.; Starovoytov, A.; Ricci, D.; Robinson, S.; Vuurmans, T.; Gao, M.; Humphries, K.; Mancini, G. B. J. (2014). "Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Association With Predisposing Arteriopathies and Precipitating Stressors and Cardiovascular Outcomes". Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions. 7 (5): 645–655. doi:10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.114.001760. ISSN 1941-7640.
  3. ↑ Adlam, David; Alfonso, Fernando; Maas, Angela; Vrints, Christiaan; al-Hussaini, Abtehale; Bueno, Hector; Capranzano, Piera; Gevaert, Sofie; Hoole, Stephen P; Johnson, Tom; Lettieri, Corrado; Maeder, Micha T; Motreff, Pascal; Ong, Peter; Persu, Alexandre; Rickli, Hans; Schiele, Francois; Sheppard, Mary N; Swahn, Eva (2018). "European Society of Cardiology, acute cardiovascular care association, SCAD study group: a position paper on spontaneous coronary artery dissection". European Heart Journal. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy080. ISSN 0195-668X.
  4. ↑ Hayes, Sharonne N.; Kim, Esther S.H.; Saw, Jacqueline; Adlam, David; Arslanian-Engoren, Cynthia; Economy, Katherine E.; Ganesh, Santhi K.; Gulati, Rajiv; Lindsay, Mark E.; Mieres, Jennifer H.; Naderi, Sahar; Shah, Svati; Thaler, David E.; Tweet, Marysia S.; Wood, Malissa J. (2018). "Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Current State of the Science: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 137 (19). doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000564. ISSN 0009-7322.
  5. ↑ Saw, Jacqueline; Humphries, Karin; Aymong, Eve; Sedlak, Tara; Prakash, Roshan; Starovoytov, Andrew; Mancini, G.B. John (2017). "Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 70 (9): 1148–1158. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.053. ISSN 0735-1097.
Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Spontaneous_coronary_artery_dissection_risk_factors&oldid=1700006"