Pertussis primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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{{Pertussis}} | {{Pertussis}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The primary prevention method for pertussis is vaccination using the [[DPT vaccine|DTaP]] vaccine. Five doses are recommended in children, with a booster dose recommended during adolescence/adulthood using a similar vaccine with smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis | The [[primary prevention]] method for pertussis is [[vaccination]] using the [[DPT vaccine|DTaP]] vaccine. Five doses are recommended in children, with a booster dose recommended during adolescence/adulthood using a similar [[vaccine]] with smaller concentrations of [[diphtheria]] and pertussis [[toxoid]]<nowiki/>s known as [[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine|Tdap]]. | ||
==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
====Vaccines==== | ====Vaccines==== | ||
*The most effective measure for the primary prevention of pertussis is [[vaccination]]. Two vaccines are available for use: | *The most effective measure for the [[primary prevention]] of pertussis is [[vaccination]]. Two vaccines are available for use: | ||
:*'''[[ | :*'''[[Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine|DTaP]]''': | ||
::*A combination of tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for immunization. | ::*A combination of [[tetanus]], [[diptheria]], and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for [[immunization]]. | ||
::*A previous formulation of the vaccine, the DTP, included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used. | ::*A previous formulation of the [[vaccine]], the [[DTP vaccine|DTP]], included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used. | ||
::*Acellular DTaP is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis endotoxin and exotoxin. | ::*Acellular [[DTaP]] is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis [[endotoxin]] and [[exotoxin]]. | ||
::*Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.<ref name ="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ::*Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.<ref name="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
:*'''[[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine | :*'''[[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine|Tdap]]''': | ||
::*A booster vaccine called similar to DTaP. | ::*A booster [[vaccine]] called similar to [[DTaP]]. | ||
::*The lower case ''d'' and ''p'' indicate smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids. | ::*The lower case ''d'' and ''p'' indicate smaller concentrations of [[diphtheria]] and pertussis [[Toxoid|toxoids]]. | ||
::*A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. <ref name ="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ::*A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. <ref name="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
====Hygiene==== | ====Hygiene==== | ||
*Proper hygienic measures are important during outbreaks and include:<ref name ="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | *Proper hygienic measures are important during outbreaks and include:<ref name="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
**Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow | **Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow | ||
**Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water | **Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water |
Revision as of 15:43, 14 January 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D.; Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
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Overview
The primary prevention method for pertussis is vaccination using the DTaP vaccine. Five doses are recommended in children, with a booster dose recommended during adolescence/adulthood using a similar vaccine with smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids known as Tdap.
Primary Prevention
Vaccines
- The most effective measure for the primary prevention of pertussis is vaccination. Two vaccines are available for use:
- DTaP:
- A combination of tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for immunization.
- A previous formulation of the vaccine, the DTP, included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used.
- Acellular DTaP is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis endotoxin and exotoxin.
- Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.[1]
- Tdap:
- A booster vaccine called similar to DTaP.
- The lower case d and p indicate smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids.
- A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. [1]
Hygiene
- Proper hygienic measures are important during outbreaks and include:[1]
- Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow
- Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water
- Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid regularly