Pertussis primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
* | ====Vaccines==== | ||
* | *The most effective measure for the primary prevention of pertussis is [[vaccination]]. Two vaccines are available for use: | ||
* | :*'''[[DPT vaccine|DTaP]]''': | ||
::*A combination of tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for immunization. | |||
::*A previous formulation of the vaccine, the DTP, included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used. | |||
::*Acellular DTaP is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis endotoxin and exotoxin. | |||
::*Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.<ref name ="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
* | :*'''[[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine (patient information)|TDap]]''': | ||
::*A booster vaccine called similar to DTaP. | |||
::*The lower case ''d'' and ''p'' indicate smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids. | |||
::*A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. <ref name ="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*Proper hygienic measures | ====Hygiene==== | ||
*Proper hygienic measures are important during outbreaks and include:<ref name ="CDCVacc">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/pertussis/default.htm |title=Vaccines: VPD-VAC/Pertussis/main page |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
**Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow | **Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow | ||
**Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water | **Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water | ||
**Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid | **Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid regularly | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 15:34, 14 January 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
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Overview
The primary prevention method for Pertussis is vaccination using DTaP to immunize infants and children and TDap as a booster for adolescents and adults to bolster immunity. Additional measures include use of antibiotics in individuals with exposure to Pertussis patients, as well as practicing proper hygiene.
Primary Prevention
Vaccines
- The most effective measure for the primary prevention of pertussis is vaccination. Two vaccines are available for use:
- DTaP:
- A combination of tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for immunization.
- A previous formulation of the vaccine, the DTP, included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used.
- Acellular DTaP is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis endotoxin and exotoxin.
- Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.[1]
- TDap:
- A booster vaccine called similar to DTaP.
- The lower case d and p indicate smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids.
- A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. [1]
Hygiene
- Proper hygienic measures are important during outbreaks and include:[1]
- Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow
- Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water
- Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid regularly