Pertussis primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{SSK}}; {{LRO}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{SSK}}; {{LRO}}; {{YD}} | ||
{{Pertussis}} | {{Pertussis}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The [[primary prevention]] method for pertussis is [[vaccination]] using the [[DPT vaccine|DTaP]] vaccine. Five doses are recommended in children, with a booster dose recommended during adolescence/adulthood using a similar [[vaccine]] with smaller concentrations of [[diphtheria]] and pertussis [[toxoid]]<nowiki/>s known as [[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine|Tdap]]. | The [[primary prevention]] method for pertussis is [[vaccination]] using the [[DPT vaccine|DTaP]] vaccine. Five doses are recommended in children, with a booster dose recommended during adolescence/adulthood using a similar [[vaccine]] with smaller concentrations of [[diphtheria]] and pertussis [[toxoid]]<nowiki/>s known as [[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine|Tdap]].<ref name=vaccpert>MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control. 1997; 46(RR-7):1-25.</ref> | ||
==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
====Vaccines==== | ====Vaccines==== | ||
*The most effective measure for the [[primary prevention]] of pertussis is [[vaccination]]. Two vaccines are available for | *The most effective measure for the [[primary prevention]] of pertussis is [[vaccination]]. Two vaccines are available:<ref name=vaccpert>MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control. 1997; 46(RR-7):1-25.</ref> | ||
:*'''[[Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine|DTaP]]''' | :*'''[[Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine|DTaP]]''' | ||
::*A combination of [[tetanus]], [[diptheria]], and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for [[immunization]]. | ::*A combination of [[tetanus]], [[diptheria]], and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for [[immunization]]. | ||
::*A previous formulation of the [[vaccine]], the [[DTP vaccine|DTP]], included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used. | ::*A previous formulation of the [[vaccine]], the [[DTP vaccine|DTP]], included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used. | ||
::*Acellular [[DTaP]] is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis [[endotoxin]] and [[exotoxin]]. | ::*Acellular [[DTaP]] is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis [[endotoxin]] and [[exotoxin]]. | ||
::*Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.<ref name="CDCVacc"> | ::*Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.<ref name="CDCVacc">Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) VIS. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/dtap.html. Accessed on January 14, 2016.</ref> | ||
:*'''[[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine|Tdap]]''' | :*'''[[Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine|Tdap]]''' | ||
::*A booster [[vaccine]] called similar to [[DTaP]]. | ::*A booster [[vaccine]] called similar to [[DTaP]]. | ||
::*The lower case ''d'' and ''p'' indicate smaller concentrations of [[diphtheria]] and pertussis [[Toxoid|toxoids]]. | ::*The lower case ''d'' and ''p'' indicate smaller concentrations of [[diphtheria]] and pertussis [[Toxoid|toxoids]]. | ||
::*A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. <ref name="CDCVacc"> | ::*A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. <ref name="CDCVacc"></ref> | ||
====Hygiene==== | ====Hygiene==== | ||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
**Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow | **Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow | ||
**Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water | **Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water | ||
**Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid regularly | **Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid regularly<ref name="CDCVacc"></ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:00, 14 January 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D.; Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.; Yazan Daaboul, M.D.
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Overview
The primary prevention method for pertussis is vaccination using the DTaP vaccine. Five doses are recommended in children, with a booster dose recommended during adolescence/adulthood using a similar vaccine with smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids known as Tdap.[1]
Primary Prevention
Vaccines
- The most effective measure for the primary prevention of pertussis is vaccination. Two vaccines are available:[1]
-
- A combination of tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis administered to infants and children for immunization.
- A previous formulation of the vaccine, the DTP, included whole cell pertussis. The vaccine included B. pertussis bacteria that was chemically/heat treated. DTP is no longer used.
- Acellular DTaP is safer as it contains smaller amounts of pertussis endotoxin and exotoxin.
- Children should get 5 doses of DTaP vaccine, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years.[2]
-
- A booster vaccine called similar to DTaP.
- The lower case d and p indicate smaller concentrations of diphtheria and pertussis toxoids.
- A single dose of Tdap is recommended for people 11 through 64 years of age. [2]
Hygiene
- Proper hygienic measures are important during outbreaks and include:[2]
- Coughing and sneezing into a tissue or elbow
- Thoroughly washing hands with soap and water
- Using an alcohol-based sanitation fluid regularly[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports / Centers for Disease Control. 1997; 46(RR-7):1-25.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) VIS. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/dtap.html. Accessed on January 14, 2016.