Palmitoyl protein thioesterase

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Palmitoyl protein thioesterase
File:1eh5 opm.png
Palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1. Red plane shows hydrocarbon boundary of the lipid bilayer
Identifiers
SymbolPalm_thioest
PfamPF02089
Pfam clanCL0028
InterProIPR002472
SCOP1exw
SUPERFAMILY1exw
OPM superfamily135
OPM protein1eh5
palmitoyl [protein] hydrolase
Identifiers
EC number3.1.2.22
CAS number150605-49-5
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO

Palmitoyl protein thioesterases are enzymes (EC 3.1.2.22) that remove thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) represent a group of encephalopathies that occur in 1 in 12,500 children. Mutations in the palmitoyl protein thioesterase gene causing infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.[1] The most common mutation results in intracellular accumulation of the polypeptide and undetectable enzyme activity in the brain. Direct sequencing of cDNAs derived from brain RNA of INCL patients has shown a mis-sense transversion of A to T at nucleotide position 364, which results in substitution of Trp for Arg at position 122 in the protein - Arg 122 is immediately adjacent to a lipase consensus sequence that contains the putative active site Ser of PPT. The occurrence of this and two other independent mutations in the PPT gene strongly suggests that defects in this gene cause INCL.

Examples

Human proteins containing this domain include:

palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1
Identifiers
SymbolPPT1
Alt. symbolsPPT
Entrez5538
HUGO9325
OMIM600722
RefSeqNM_000310
UniProtP50897
Other data
EC number3.1.2.22
LocusChr. 1 p32
palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 2
Identifiers
SymbolPPT2
Alt. symbolsG14
Entrez9374
HUGO9326
OMIM603298
RefSeqNM_138717
UniProtQ9UMR5
Other data
EC number3.1.2.22
LocusChr. 6 p21.3

See also

References

  1. Hofmann SL, Vesa J, Hellsten E, Verkruyse LA, Camp LA, Rapola J, Santavuori P, Peltonen L (1995). "Mutations in the palmitoyl protein thioesterase gene causing infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis". Nature. 376 (6541): 584–587. doi:10.1038/376584a0. PMID 7637805.

External links

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR002472