Miosis causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Miosis}}
{{Miosis}}
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{LRO}}
 
==Overview==
Miosis is usually caused as a side effect from drugs intending to treat [[pain]], as well as [[chemotherapy]] agents. Other common causes include various [[neurologic]] and [[ophthalmologic]] conditions.


{{CMG}}
==Causes==  
==Causes==  
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
=== Diseases ===
*[[Acetaminophen ]]
* [[Horner syndrome]] (a set of abnormalities in the nervous supply of the face due to damage to the [[sympathetic nervous system]]).
*[[Acetylcholine]]
* [[Pancoast tumor]] (a [[lung cancer|tumor]] of the apical [[lung]]), due to damage to the ascending sympathetic tract that would normally cause the pupil to dilate.
*[[Ambenonium]]
* [[Hemorrhage]] into [[pons]] ([[intracranial hemorrhage]])
*[[Camptothecin derivatives]]
=== Drugs ===
*[[Carbachol]]
* [[Opioid]]s such as [[tramadol]], [[codeine]], [[morphine]], [[heroin]] and [[methadone]]
*[[Carbamates]]
* [[Antipsychotics]], including [[haloperidol]], [[thorazine]], [[olanzapine]], [[quetiapine]] and others
*[[Chemotherapy]]
* [[Cholinergic]] agents such as those used to treat [[Alzheimer's disease]] and [[nerve gas]]es; cholinergic drugs such as [[Ambenonium]], [[carbachol]] (Miostat) and [[neostigmine]]
*[[Cholinergic agents]]
* Some cancer [[chemotherapy]] drugs, including [[camptothecin]] derivatives
*[[Codeine ]]
* [[Mirtazapine]], a [[noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant]] ([[NaSSA]])
*[[Dapiprazole]]
* [[Trazodone]]
*[[Demerol]]
* Some [[MAO_inhibitor|MAO Inhibitors]].
*[[Diamorphine]]
* In some rare cases, when exposed to [[mustard gas]].
*[[Distigmine]]
* [[Acetaminophen and Oxycodone]]
*[[Donepezil toxicity]]
*[[Fentanyl]]
*[[Haloperidol]]
*[[Mao inhibitors]]
*[[Methadone]]
*[[Miostat]]
*[[Miotics]]
*[[Mirtazapine]]
*[[Morphine]]
*[[Muscarine]]
*[[Naphazoline]]
*[[Neostigmine]]
*[[Olanzapine]]
*[[Ondansetron]]
*[[Opioid poisoning ]]
*[[Organophosphates]]
*[[Oxycodone]]
*[[Oxymetazoline]]
*[[Parasympathomimetics]]
*[[Pethidine]]
*[[Phenoxybenzamine]]
*[[Physostigmine]]
*[[Pilocarpine ]]
*[[Pyridostigmine]]
*[[Pyridostigmine]]
*[[Quetiapine]]
*[[Tetrahydazoline]]
*[[Thorazine]]
*[[Tramadol]]
*[[Trazodone]]


===Miotics===
===Causes by Organ System===
A '''miotic''' substance causes the constriction of the [[pupil]] of the eye (or [[miosis]]). It is the opposite of a [[Mydriatic]] substance, which causes [[dilation]] of the pupil.
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
===Causes in Alphabetical Order<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref><ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>===
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
* [[Adie's pupil]] (long standing)
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis]],  [[Corneal ulcer]]
* [[Argyll Robertson Pupils]]
|-
* [[Anisocoria]]
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
* [[Coma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Clonidine poisoning ]],  [[Mustard gas]],  [[Nicotine]],  [[Phencyclidine poisoning]],  [[Tacrine toxicity]]
* [[Horner's Syndrome]]
|-
* [[Iritis]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
* Posterior iris synechiae
| '''Dental'''
* Systemic [[opioid]]s
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
* Systemic [[cholinergic]]s
|-
* Tertiary [[Syphillis]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
* Topical [[cholinergic]]s
| '''Dermatologic'''
* [[Ambenonium]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acetaminophen ]],  [[Acetylcholine]],  [[Ambenonium]],  [[Camptothecin derivatives]],  [[Carbachol]],  [[Carbamates]],  [[Chemotherapy]],  [[Cholinergic agents]],  [[Codeine ]],  [[Dapiprazole]],  [[Demerol]],  [[Diamorphine]],  [[Distigmine]],  [[Donepezil toxicity]],  [[Fentanyl]],  [[Haloperidol]],  [[Mao inhibitors]],  [[Methadone]],  [[Miostat]],  [[Miotics]],  [[Mirtazapine]],  [[Morphine]],  [[Muscarine]],  [[Naphazoline]],  [[Neostigmine]],  [[Olanzapine]],  [[Ondansetron]],  [[Opioid poisoning ]],  [[Organophosphates]],  [[Oxycodone]],  [[Oxymetazoline]],  [[Parasympathomimetics]],  [[Pethidine]],  [[Phenoxybenzamine]],  [[Physostigmine]],  [[Pilocarpine ]],  [[Pyridostigmine]],  [[Quetiapine]],  [[Tetrahydazoline]],  [[Thorazine]],  [[Tramadol]],  [[Trazodone]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hereditary disorders]],  [[Hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy type 3]],  [[Stormorken syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyphema]],  [[Intracranial hemorrhage]], [[Pontine hemorrhage]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute iritis]],  [[Iridocyclitis]],  [[Iritis]],  [[Tertiary syphillis]],  [[Uveitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adie's pupil ]],  [[Argyll robertson pupils]],  [[Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis]],  [[Cluster headache]],  [[Coma]],  [[Fatal familial insomnia]],  [[Horner's syndrome]],  [[Intracranial hemorrhage]],  [[Lateral medullary syndrome]], [[Migraine]], [[Neuropathy]], [[Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome]], [[Stormorken syndrome]], [[Wallenberg's syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pancoast tumor]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute iritis]], [[Adie's pupil ]], [[Anisocoria]],  [[Argyll robertson pupils]],  [[Corneal foreign body]],  [[Corneal ulcer]],  [[Horner's syndrome]],  [[Hyphema]],  [[Iridocyclitis]],  [[Iritis]],  [[Lateral medullary syndrome]], [[Posterior iris synechiae]], [[Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome]], [[Uveitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Heroin]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Parry-romberg syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Tertiary syphillis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{columns-list|3|
*[[Acetaminophen ]]
*[[Acetylcholine]]
*[[Acute iritis]]
*[[Adie's pupil ]]
*[[Ambenonium]]
*[[Anisocoria]]
*[[Argyll robertson pupils]]
*[[Camptothecin derivatives]]
*[[Cancer chemotherapy drugs]]
*[[Carbachol]]
*[[Carbamates]]
*[[Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis]]
*[[Chemotherapy]]
*[[Cholinergic agents]]
*[[Clonidine poisoning ]]
*[[Cluster headache]]
*[[Codeine ]]
*[[Coma]]
*[[Corneal foreign body]]
*[[Corneal ulcer]]
*[[Dapiprazole]]
*[[Demerol]]
*[[Diamorphine]]
*[[Distigmine]]
*[[Donepezil toxicity]]
*[[Fatal familial insomnia]]
*[[Fentanyl]]
*[[Haloperidol]]
*[[Hereditary disorders]]
*[[Hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy type 3]]
*[[Heroin]]
*[[Horner's syndrome]]
*[[Hyphema]]
*[[Intracranial hemorrhage]]
*[[Iridocyclitis]]
*[[Iritis]]
*[[Lateral medullary syndrome]]
*[[Mao inhibitors]]
*[[Methadone]]
*[[Migraine]]
*[[Miostat]]
*[[Miotics]]
*[[Mirtazapine]]
*[[Morphine]]
*[[Muscarine]]
*[[Mustard gas]]
*[[Naphazoline]]
*[[Neostigmine]]
*[[Neuropathy]]
*[[Nicotine]]
*[[Olanzapine]]
*[[Ondansetron]]
*[[Opioid poisoning ]]
*[[Organophosphates]]
*[[Oxycodone]]
*[[Oxymetazoline]]
*[[Pancoast tumor ]]
*[[Parasympathomimetics]]
*[[Parry-romberg syndrome]]
*[[Pethidine]]
*[[Phencyclidine poisoning]]
*[[Phenoxybenzamine]]
*[[Physostigmine]]
*[[Pilocarpine ]]
*[[Pontine hemorrhage]]
*[[Posterior iris synechiae]]
*[[Pyridostigmine]]
*[[Quetiapine]]
*[[Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome]]
*[[Stormorken syndrome]]
*[[Tacrine toxicity]]
*[[Tertiary syphillis]]
*[[Tetrahydazoline]]
*[[Thorazine]]
*[[Tramadol]]
*[[Trazodone]]
*[[Uveitis]]
*[[Wallenberg's syndrome]]
}}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:13, 2 December 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Miosis is usually caused as a side effect from drugs intending to treat pain, as well as chemotherapy agents. Other common causes include various neurologic and ophthalmologic conditions.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis, Corneal ulcer
Chemical/Poisoning Clonidine poisoning , Mustard gas, Nicotine, Phencyclidine poisoning, Tacrine toxicity
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Acetaminophen , Acetylcholine, Ambenonium, Camptothecin derivatives, Carbachol, Carbamates, Chemotherapy, Cholinergic agents, Codeine , Dapiprazole, Demerol, Diamorphine, Distigmine, Donepezil toxicity, Fentanyl, Haloperidol, Mao inhibitors, Methadone, Miostat, Miotics, Mirtazapine, Morphine, Muscarine, Naphazoline, Neostigmine, Olanzapine, Ondansetron, Opioid poisoning , Organophosphates, Oxycodone, Oxymetazoline, Parasympathomimetics, Pethidine, Phenoxybenzamine, Physostigmine, Pilocarpine , Pyridostigmine, Quetiapine, Tetrahydazoline, Thorazine, Tramadol, Trazodone
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Hereditary disorders, Hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy type 3, Stormorken syndrome
Hematologic Hyphema, Intracranial hemorrhage, Pontine hemorrhage
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Acute iritis, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Tertiary syphillis, Uveitis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Adie's pupil , Argyll robertson pupils, Cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis, Cluster headache, Coma, Fatal familial insomnia, Horner's syndrome, Intracranial hemorrhage, Lateral medullary syndrome, Migraine, Neuropathy, Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome, Stormorken syndrome, Wallenberg's syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Pancoast tumor
Ophthalmologic Acute iritis, Adie's pupil , Anisocoria, Argyll robertson pupils, Corneal foreign body, Corneal ulcer, Horner's syndrome, Hyphema, Iridocyclitis, Iritis, Lateral medullary syndrome, Posterior iris synechiae, Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome, Uveitis
Overdose/Toxicity Heroin
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Parry-romberg syndrome
Sexual Tertiary syphillis
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3

References

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