Ischemic colitis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Causes of the reduced blood flow can include changes in the systemic circulation (e.g. low blood pressure) or local factors such as constriction of blood vessels or a blood clot. In most cases, no specific cause can be identified.[1]

Causes

Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause. Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of low blood pressure or constriction of the vessels supplying blood to the colon; occlusive ischemia indicates that a blood clot or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the colon. In most cases, no specific cause can be identified.

Non-occlusive Ischemia

In hemodynamically unstable patients (i.e. shock patients) the mesenteric perfusion may be compromised.

Occlusive Ischemia

Occlusive ischemia is due to either:

1. Obstructive atherosclerotic disease

2. Thromboembolism:

Drugs

References

  1. Feldman: Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 7th ed., 2002 Saunders, p. 2332.


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