Ischemic colitis causes: Difference between revisions
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*Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause. | *Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause. | ||
**Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of [[low blood pressure]] or constriction of the vessels supplying blood to the colon | **Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of [[low blood pressure]] or constriction of the vessels supplying blood to the colon. | ||
**Occlusive ischemia indicates that a [[blood clot]] or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the [[colon]]. | **Occlusive ischemia indicates that a [[blood clot]] or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the [[colon]]. | ||
===Non-occlusive Ischemia=== | ===Non-occlusive Ischemia=== | ||
* In hemodynamically unstable patients the [[mesenteric]] perfusion can be compromised. | * In hemodynamically unstable patients the [[mesenteric]] perfusion can be compromised. | ||
===Occlusive Ischemia=== | ===Occlusive Ischemia=== | ||
Revision as of 17:37, 8 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]
Overview
Causes of the reduced blood flow can include changes in the systemic circulation (e.g. low blood pressure) or local factors such as constriction of blood vessels or a blood clot. In most cases, no specific cause can be identified.
Causes
The causes of ischemic colitis are as follows:[1][2][3]
- Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause.
- Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of low blood pressure or constriction of the vessels supplying blood to the colon.
- Occlusive ischemia indicates that a blood clot or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the colon.
Non-occlusive Ischemia
- In hemodynamically unstable patients the mesenteric perfusion can be compromised.
Occlusive Ischemia
- Obstructive atherosclerotic disease
- Superior mesenteric artery occlusion
- Most commonly the embolism is due to atrial fibrillation
- Valvular heart disease including endocarditis
- Myocardial infarction
- Cardiomyopathy
Drugs
- Alosetron
- Cilansetron
- Interferon alfacon-1
- Pegylated interferon alfa-2b
- Ramosetron
- Vasopressors
- Ergotamine
References
- ↑ Hass, David J.; Kozuch, Patricia; Brandt, Lawrence J. (2007). "Pharmacologically Mediated Colon Ischemia". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102 (8): 1765–1780. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01260.x. ISSN 0002-9270.
- ↑ Theodoropoulou, Αngeliki; Κoutroubakis, Ioannis E (2008). "Ischemic colitis: Clinical practice in diagnosis and treatment". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 (48): 7302. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.7302. ISSN 1007-9327.
- ↑ Feldman: Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 7th ed., 2002 Saunders, p. 2332.