Hypercalcemia natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions

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=== Prognosis ===
=== Prognosis ===
* Prognosis of hypercalcemia is usually excellent after treatemnt.
* However, untreated hypercalcemia may be fatal.<ref name="pmid3878002">{{cite journal |vauthors=Corlew DS, Bryda SL, Bradley EL, DiGirolamo M |title=Observations on the course of untreated primary hyperparathyroidism |journal=Surgery |volume=98 |issue=6 |pages=1064–71 |year=1985 |pmid=3878002 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 15:25, 3 July 2018

Hypercalcemia Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

  • Mild hypercalcemia is usually asymptomatic and goes undetected in a large number of patients.[1]
  • Hypercalcemia may present in any age group depending on etiology and severity and presents initially with concentration and sleep abnormalities.

Complications

Possible complications include:[1]

Gastrointestinal:

Kidney:

Psychological:

Skeletal:

These complications of long-term hypercalcemia are uncommon today.

Prognosis

  • Prognosis of hypercalcemia is usually excellent after treatemnt.
  • However, untreated hypercalcemia may be fatal.[2]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Shane, Elizabeth & Irani, Dinaz. (2006). Chapter 26. Hypercalcemia: Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Differential Diagnosis, and Management. Primer on the metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. 
  2. Corlew DS, Bryda SL, Bradley EL, DiGirolamo M (1985). "Observations on the course of untreated primary hyperparathyroidism". Surgery. 98 (6): 1064–71. PMID 3878002.

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