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==Causes of Death after Transplantation==
==Causes of Death after Transplantation==
The following table outlines the common causes of death in post cardiac transplant patients  <ref name="pmid19782283">{{cite journal| author=Taylor DO, Stehlik J, Edwards LB, Aurora P, Christie JD, Dobbels F et al.| title=Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Twenty-sixth Official Adult Heart Transplant Report-2009. | journal=J Heart Lung Transplant | year= 2009 | volume= 28 | issue= 10 | pages= 1007-22 | pmid=19782283 | doi=10.1016/j.healun.2009.08.014 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19782283  }} </ref>:


*[[Transplant rejection]]
{|class="wikitable" border="1"
*Infection
|- align="center"
*Technical problems
|'''First 30 days post-transplant'''
*CNS events
|'''From 1 month to 12 months post-transplant'''
*[[Malignancy ]]
|'''After 5 years post-transplant'''
|- align="left"
|
* [[Transplant rejection|Graft failure]] (42%)
* Multiorgan failure (12%)
* Non-[[CMV]] infections (13%)
|
* Non-[[CMV]] infections (33%)
* [[Transplant rejection|Graft failure]] (primary and non-specific) (18%)
* [[Transplant rejection#Acute rejection|Acute rejection]] (12%)
|
* Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV)
* Late [[Transplant rejection|graft failure]] (Both together accounting for 33% of deaths)
* Malignancies (23%)
* Non-[[CMV]] infections (11%)
|}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 04:02, 1 October 2014

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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [1]

Prognosis

After the first 6 months, the mortality rates is approximately 3.5% per year. The prognosis for heart transplant patients following the orthotopic procedure has greatly increased over the past 20 years, and as of Aug. 11, 2006, the survival rates were as follows.[1]

  • 1 year: 86.1% (males), 83.9% (females)
  • 3 years: 78.3% (males), 74.9% (females)
  • 5 years: 71.2% (males), 66.9% (females)

The "half-life" of patient survival has likewise improved as follows [2]:

  • 1982-1991: 8.9 years
  • 1992-2001: 10.5 years
  • 2002-2007: 11.0 years

As of 2006, Tony Huesman is the world's longest living heart transplant patient, having survived for 28 years with a transplanted heart. Huesman received a heart in 1978 at the age of 20 after viral pneumonia severely weakened his heart. The operation was performed at Stanford University under American heart transplant pioneer Dr. Norman Shumway, who continued to perform the operation in the U.S. after others abandoned it due to poor results. [3]

Causes of Death after Transplantation

The following table outlines the common causes of death in post cardiac transplant patients [4]:

First 30 days post-transplant From 1 month to 12 months post-transplant After 5 years post-transplant
  • Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV)
  • Late graft failure (Both together accounting for 33% of deaths)
  • Malignancies (23%)
  • Non-CMV infections (11%)

References

  1. Heart Transplants: Statistics The American Heart Association. Retrieved February 1, 2007.
  2. Taylor, DO, Stehlik, J, Edwards, LB, et al. Registry of the international society for heart and lung transplantation: twenty-sixth official adult heart transplant report-2009. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009; 28:1007.
  3. Heart Transplant Patient OK After 28 Yrs (September 14, 2006) CBS News. Retrieved December 29, 2006.
  4. Taylor DO, Stehlik J, Edwards LB, Aurora P, Christie JD, Dobbels F; et al. (2009). "Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Twenty-sixth Official Adult Heart Transplant Report-2009". J Heart Lung Transplant. 28 (10): 1007–22. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2009.08.014. PMID 19782283.


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