Goiter causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Goiter}}
{{Goiter}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{ARK}}  
==Overview==
==Overview==
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
Various factors have been associated with the cause of goiter such as [[hereditary]], [[hormonal]], [[dietary]], [[pharmacological]], [[physiological]], environmental and [[pathological]] factors. The most common causes being, [[iodine deficiency]], [[Graves' disease|Grave's disease]] and [[hashimoto's disease]]. Goiter may be caused by a [[mutation]] in the [[genes]] such as the [[thyroglobulin]] (Tg) gene, [[thyroid-stimulating hormone]] receptor (TSHR) gene and the [[Sodium-iodide symporter|sodium-iodide  symporter (NIS) gene]].


OR
==Causes==
 
Factors associated with goiter can be classified as follows:
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
 
OR
 
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].


OR
'''[[Hereditary]] factors'''
*Inherited defect(Familial goiter) of [[thyroid hormone]] [[synthesis]] such as:
**Enzymatic defect deficiency
**[[Dyshormonogenesis]]
'''[[Hormonal]] factors'''


The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click [[Pericarditis causes#Overview|here]].
[[Thyroid hormone]] dysfunction:
 
*[[Hyperthyroidism]] (overproduction of [[thyroid hormones]])
==Causes==
*[[Hypothyroidism]] (underproduction of [[thyroid hormones]])
===Life-threatening Causes===
'''[[Dietary]] factors'''
*Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
*Dietary [[iodine deficiency]]
*[Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].
*[[Goitrogen|Goitrogens]] (play a major role in endemic goitre)
'''[[Pharmacological]] factors'''
* Use of [[goitrogen|goitrogenic]] drugs like para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), [[thiocyanate]] and antithyroid drugs [e.g. [[thiouracil]], [[carbimazole]]] results in [[hypothyroidism]]
'''[[Physiological]] factors'''
* Increased metabolic demand of [[thyroid hormones]] e.g. during [[pregnancy]] or [[puberty]] results in physiological goiter.
'''[[Environmental Health Perspectives|Environmental]] factors'''
* Exposure to radiations leading to:
** [[Thyroid cancer]]
** [[Hypothyroidism]]
'''[[Pathological]] factors'''


Intrinsic [[thyroid gland]] diseases:
*Inflammatory goitres
*[[Neoplastic goitres]]
**Benign adenoma (follicular adenoma)
**[[Malignant]]
***Primary: Well differentiated, poorly differentiated, arising from parafollicular cells
***Secondary
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
Goiter may be caused by:
Goiter may be caused by:
*Iodine deficiency
*[[Iodine deficiency]]
*Grave's disease
*[[Grave's disease]]
*Hashimoto's disease
*[[Hashimoto's disease]]


===Less Common Causes===
===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of [[disease name]] include:
Less common causes of Goiter include:
*Pregnancy
*[[Pregnancy]]
*Radiation exposure
*[[Radiation exposure]]
*Thyroid cancer
*[[Thyroid cancer]]
*Multinodular goiter
*[[Multinodular goiter]]
*Solitary thyroid nodules
*Solitary [[Thyroid nodule|thyroid nodules]]
*Inflammation


===Genetic Causes===
===Genetic Causes===
*[Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
*Goiter may be caused by a [[mutation]] in the following [[genes]] which vary from one [[family]] to the other: <ref name="pmid10821321">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brix TH, Hegedüs L |title=Genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of simple goitre |journal=Ann. Med. |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=153–6 |year=2000 |pmid=10821321 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
:*[[Thyroglobulin]] ([[Thyroglobulin|Tg]]) gene
:*[[Thyroid-stimulating hormone|Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor]] ([[TSHR]]) gene
:*[[Sodium-iodide symporter|Sodium-iodide  symporter (NIS) gene]]
*[[Multinodular goiter]] marker 1 (MNG1) on [[chromosome 14]] <ref name="pmid10821321">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brix TH, Hegedüs L |title=Genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of simple goitre |journal=Ann. Med. |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=153–6 |year=2000 |pmid=10821321 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 11:17, 20 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Various factors have been associated with the cause of goiter such as hereditary, hormonal, dietary, pharmacological, physiological, environmental and pathological factors. The most common causes being, iodine deficiency, Grave's disease and hashimoto's disease. Goiter may be caused by a mutation in the genes such as the thyroglobulin (Tg) gene, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene and the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) gene.

Causes

Factors associated with goiter can be classified as follows:

Hereditary factors

Hormonal factors

Thyroid hormone dysfunction:

Dietary factors

Pharmacological factors

Physiological factors

Environmental factors

Pathological factors

Intrinsic thyroid gland diseases:

  • Inflammatory goitres
  • Neoplastic goitres
    • Benign adenoma (follicular adenoma)
    • Malignant
      • Primary: Well differentiated, poorly differentiated, arising from parafollicular cells
      • Secondary

Common Causes

Goiter may be caused by:

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of Goiter include:

Genetic Causes

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Brix TH, Hegedüs L (2000). "Genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of simple goitre". Ann. Med. 32 (3): 153–6. PMID 10821321.

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