Diabetes mellitus type 1 epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes .jpg|center|thumb|650x650px|New cases of type 1 diabetes(0-14 years per 100,000 children per year), 2011]] | [[File:Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes .jpg|center|thumb|650x650px|New cases of type 1 diabetes(0-14 years per 100,000 children per year), 2011]] | ||
* At a rate of 3-5% each year since 1960, the [[incidence]] of [[type 1 diabetes mellitus]] is increasing among children for not fully understood [[etiology|etiologies]].<ref name="KrzewskaBen-Skowronek2016">{{cite journal|last1=Krzewska|first1=Aleksandra|last2=Ben-Skowronek|first2=Iwona|title=Effect of Associated Autoimmune Diseases on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence and Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents|journal=BioMed Research International|volume=2016|year=2016|pages=1–12|issn=2314-6133|doi=10.1155/2016/6219730}}</ref> Although it can be interpreted that environmental factors could be at least partially responsible, since genetic factors can not intervene in such a short time.<ref name="KnipSiljander2016">{{cite journal|last1=Knip|first1=Mikael|last2=Siljander|first2=Heli|title=The role of the intestinal microbiota in type 1 diabetes mellitus|journal=Nature Reviews Endocrinology|volume=12|issue=3|year=2016|pages=154–167|issn=1759-5029|doi=10.1038/nrendo.2015.218}}</ref> | * At a rate of 3-5% each year since 1960, the [[incidence]] of [[type 1 diabetes mellitus]] is increasing among children for not fully understood [[etiology|etiologies]].<ref name="KrzewskaBen-Skowronek2016">{{cite journal|last1=Krzewska|first1=Aleksandra|last2=Ben-Skowronek|first2=Iwona|title=Effect of Associated Autoimmune Diseases on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence and Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents|journal=BioMed Research International|volume=2016|year=2016|pages=1–12|issn=2314-6133|doi=10.1155/2016/6219730}}</ref> Although it can be interpreted that environmental factors could be at least partially responsible, since genetic factors can not intervene in such a short time.<ref name="KnipSiljander2016">{{cite journal|last1=Knip|first1=Mikael|last2=Siljander|first2=Heli|title=The role of the intestinal microbiota in type 1 diabetes mellitus|journal=Nature Reviews Endocrinology|volume=12|issue=3|year=2016|pages=154–167|issn=1759-5029|doi=10.1038/nrendo.2015.218}}</ref> | ||
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!Factors affecting the incidence of type 1 DM | !Factors affecting the incidence of type 1 DM | ||
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American Indians-0.35 cases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old, respectively) | American Indians-0.35 cases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old, respectively) | ||
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=== Prevalence === | |||
*[[Diabetes mellitus type 1|Type 1 diabetes]] affects ~15-30 million people globally.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jdrf.org/about/fact-sheets/type-1-diabetes-facts/|title=JDRF|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> | |||
* In 2012, Ada estimated the prevalence of type 1 DM in american children and adults at 1.25 million.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/?referrer=https://www.google.com/|title=ADA|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref> | |||
*5.6% of american adults diagnosed with [[diabetes mellitus]] have type 1 DM.<ref name="XuLiu2018">{{cite journal|last1=Xu|first1=Guifeng|last2=Liu|first2=Buyun|last3=Sun|first3=Yangbo|last4=Du|first4=Yang|last5=Snetselaar|first5=Linda G|last6=Hu|first6=Frank B|last7=Bao|first7=Wei|title=Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study|journal=BMJ|year=2018|pages=k1497|issn=0959-8138|doi=10.1136/bmj.k1497}}</ref> | |||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | |||
*In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%. | |||
*The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range]. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist|2}}{{WH}} | {{Reflist|2}}{{WH}} | ||
Revision as of 17:32, 1 September 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Epidemiology and demographics of type 1 diabetes mellitus varies with geography, age, race and genetic susceptibility.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus varies with geography, age, race, and genetic susceptibility.
- Epidemiology and demographics of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
- At a rate of 3-5% each year since 1960, the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is increasing among children for not fully understood etiologies.[11] Although it can be interpreted that environmental factors could be at least partially responsible, since genetic factors can not intervene in such a short time.[12]
| Factors affecting the incidence of type 1 DM | Relationship between factors and incidence of type 1 DM | Epidemiology |
|---|---|---|
| Geography | Incidence increases with increase in distance from equator | Incidence of type 1 DM per 100,000 persons a year
0.1 to 0.5 per 100,000 persons in Venezula and parts of China 37 to 65 in Finland and Sardinia 23.6 per 100,000 per year in non-Hispanic white children and adolescents 36 per 100,000 per year in Newfoundland, Canada |
| Age | Bimodal distribution, with one peak at four to six years of age and a second between 10 to 14 years of age. | |
| Gender | Gender doesn't affect the overall incidence of overall incidence of childhood type 1 DM | The prevalence and incidence oftype 1 DM doesn't vary with gender. |
| Genetic susceptibility | There is increased risk of developing type 1 DM in close relatives of a patient with type 1 DM | Lifetime risk of developing Type 1 DM
●No family history – 0.4 percent ●Offspring of an affected mother – 1 to 4 percent ●Offspring of an affected father – 3 to 8 percent ●Offspring with both parents affected – reported as high as 30 percent ●Non-twin sibling of affected patient – 3 to 6 percent ●Dizygotic twin – 8 percent ●Monozygotic twin – 30 percent within 10 years of diagnosis of the first twin, and 65 percent concordance by age 60 years |
| Race | Incidence of type 1 DM varies from race to race | Non-Hispanic white youth-2.55 ases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old
African American- 1.62 cases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old Hispanic-1.29 cases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old Asian-Pacific Islanders-0.6 cases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old American Indians-0.35 cases per 1,000 children 0 to 19 years old, respectively) |
Prevalence
- Type 1 diabetes affects ~15-30 million people globally.[1]
- In 2012, Ada estimated the prevalence of type 1 DM in american children and adults at 1.25 million.[2]
- 5.6% of american adults diagnosed with diabetes mellitus have type 1 DM.[13]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
- The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "JDRF".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "ADA".
- ↑ http://www.diapedia.org/type-1-diabetes-mellitus/2104085168/epidemiology-of-type-1-diabetes
- ↑ https://www.idf.org/sites/default/files/attachments/DV_56-SI2.pdf
- ↑ Silink M. Childhood diabetes: a global perspective. Horm Res 2002; 57 Suppl 1:1.
- ↑ Harjutsalo V, Sund R, Knip M, Groop PH. Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finland. JAMA 2013; 310:427.
- ↑ Bell RA, Mayer-Davis EJ, Beyer JW, et al. Diabetes in non-Hispanic white youth: prevalence, incidence, and clinical characteristics: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Diabetes Care 2009; 32 Suppl 2:S102.
- ↑ Dabelea D, Mayer-Davis EJ, Saydah S, et al. Prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents from 2001 to 2009. JAMA 2014; 311:1778.
- ↑ Harjutsalo V, Sjöberg L, Tuomilehto J. Time trends in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Finnish children: a cohort study. Lancet 2008; 371:1777.
- ↑ Tillil H, Köbberling J. Age-corrected empirical genetic risk estimates for first-degree relatives of IDDM patients. Diabetes 1987; 36:93.
- ↑ Krzewska, Aleksandra; Ben-Skowronek, Iwona (2016). "Effect of Associated Autoimmune Diseases on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence and Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents". BioMed Research International. 2016: 1–12. doi:10.1155/2016/6219730. ISSN 2314-6133.
- ↑ Knip, Mikael; Siljander, Heli (2016). "The role of the intestinal microbiota in type 1 diabetes mellitus". Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 12 (3): 154–167. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2015.218. ISSN 1759-5029.
- ↑ Xu, Guifeng; Liu, Buyun; Sun, Yangbo; Du, Yang; Snetselaar, Linda G; Hu, Frank B; Bao, Wei (2018). "Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study". BMJ: k1497. doi:10.1136/bmj.k1497. ISSN 0959-8138.