Coronavirus epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| (13 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Due to the lack of data, the exact [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence rate]] of coronavirus [[Infection|infections]] can not be approximated. With 8,098 confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] was 9.6%. With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection|MERS]] was 34.4%. The [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[2019-nCoV]] in the first 99 [[Patient|patients]] at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the [[outbreak]]) has been found to be 11%. | Due to the lack of data, the exact [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence rate]] of coronavirus [[Infection|infections]] can not be approximated. With 8,098 confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] was 9.6%. With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection|MERS]] was 34.4%. The [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[2019-nCoV|SARS-CoV-2]] in the first 99 [[Patient|patients]] at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the [[outbreak]]) has been found to be 11%. | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
* From June 2012 to April 2018, [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes|MERS-CoV infection]] was [[Prevalence|prevalent]] in 2206 people globally. | * From June 2012 to April 2018, [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes|MERS-CoV infection]] was [[Prevalence|prevalent]] in 2206 people globally. | ||
*To date, | *To date, 100,330 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have emerged. | ||
*For details on the real-time [[prevalence]] and spread of | *For details on the real-time [[prevalence]] and spread of COVID-19, click [https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 here].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | ||
=== Case-fatality rate === | === Case-fatality rate === | ||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
* With 8,098 confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] was 9.6%.<ref name="pmid31953166">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E |title=The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China |journal=Int. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=91 |issue= |pages=264–266 |date=January 2020 |pmid=31953166 |doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009 |url=}}</ref> | * With 8,098 confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] was 9.6%.<ref name="pmid31953166">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E |title=The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China |journal=Int. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=91 |issue= |pages=264–266 |date=January 2020 |pmid=31953166 |doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection|MERS]] was 34.4%. | * With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection|MERS]] was 34.4%. | ||
* The [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of | * The [[Case fatality rate|case fatality-rate]] of COVID-19 in the first 99 [[Patient|patients]] at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the [[outbreak]]) has been found to be 11%.<ref name="HuangWang2020">{{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Chaolin|last2=Wang|first2=Yeming|last3=Li|first3=Xingwang|last4=Ren|first4=Lili|last5=Zhao|first5=Jianping|last6=Hu|first6=Yi|last7=Zhang|first7=Li|last8=Fan|first8=Guohui|last9=Xu|first9=Jiuyang|last10=Gu|first10=Xiaoying|last11=Cheng|first11=Zhenshun|last12=Yu|first12=Ting|last13=Xia|first13=Jiaan|last14=Wei|first14=Yuan|last15=Wu|first15=Wenjuan|last16=Xie|first16=Xuelei|last17=Yin|first17=Wen|last18=Li|first18=Hui|last19=Liu|first19=Min|last20=Xiao|first20=Yan|last21=Gao|first21=Hong|last22=Guo|first22=Li|last23=Xie|first23=Jungang|last24=Wang|first24=Guangfa|last25=Jiang|first25=Rongmeng|last26=Gao|first26=Zhancheng|last27=Jin|first27=Qi|last28=Wang|first28=Jianwei|last29=Cao|first29=Bin|title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China|journal=The Lancet|year=2020|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5}}</ref> | ||
*In a different study comprising of 138 [[Patient|patients]] [[Infection|infected]] with | *In a different study comprising of 138 [[Patient|patients]] [[Infection|infected]] with COVID-19, the [[mortality]] has been established to be 4.3%.<ref name="WangHu2020">{{cite journal|last1=Wang|first1=Dawei|last2=Hu|first2=Bo|last3=Hu|first3=Chang|last4=Zhu|first4=Fangfang|last5=Liu|first5=Xing|last6=Zhang|first6=Jing|last7=Wang|first7=Binbin|last8=Xiang|first8=Hui|last9=Cheng|first9=Zhenshun|last10=Xiong|first10=Yong|last11=Zhao|first11=Yan|last12=Li|first12=Yirong|last13=Wang|first13=Xinghuan|last14=Peng|first14=Zhiyong|title=Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China|journal=JAMA|year=2020|issn=0098-7484|doi=10.1001/jama.2020.1585}}</ref> | ||
=== Age === | === Age === | ||
*[[Patient|Patients]] of all age groups can develop the [[disease]]. | *[[Patient|Patients]] of all age groups can develop the [[disease]]. | ||
* | *In multiple cohorts of [[Patient|patients]] [[Hospitalization|hospitalized]] with confirmed COVID-19, the [[median]] age is established to range from 49 to 56 years.<ref name="pmid31986264">{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B |title=Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China |journal=Lancet |volume=395 |issue=10223 |pages=497–506 |date=February 2020 |pmid=31986264 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid32007143">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L |title=Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study |journal=Lancet |volume=395 |issue=10223 |pages=507–513 |date=February 2020 |pmid=32007143 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid32031570">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z |title=Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China |journal=JAMA |volume= |issue= |pages= |date=February 2020 |pmid=32031570 |doi=10.1001/jama.2020.1585 |url=}}</ref> | ||
=== Race === | === Race === | ||
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
* Coronavirus [[Infection|infections]] affect men and women equally. | * Coronavirus [[Infection|infections]] affect men and women equally. | ||
*In a recent study, [[2019-nCoV]] has been found to have [[Infection|infected]] males more than females.<ref name="LiGuan20202">{{cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Qun|last2=Guan|first2=Xuhua|last3=Wu|first3=Peng|last4=Wang|first4=Xiaoye|last5=Zhou|first5=Lei|last6=Tong|first6=Yeqing|last7=Ren|first7=Ruiqi|last8=Leung|first8=Kathy S.M.|last9=Lau|first9=Eric H.Y.|last10=Wong|first10=Jessica Y.|last11=Xing|first11=Xuesen|last12=Xiang|first12=Nijuan|last13=Wu|first13=Yang|last14=Li|first14=Chao|last15=Chen|first15=Qi|last16=Li|first16=Dan|last17=Liu|first17=Tian|last18=Zhao|first18=Jing|last19=Liu|first19=Man|last20=Tu|first20=Wenxiao|last21=Chen|first21=Chuding|last22=Jin|first22=Lianmei|last23=Yang|first23=Rui|last24=Wang|first24=Qi|last25=Zhou|first25=Suhua|last26=Wang|first26=Rui|last27=Liu|first27=Hui|last28=Luo|first28=Yinbo|last29=Liu|first29=Yuan|last30=Shao|first30=Ge|last31=Li|first31=Huan|last32=Tao|first32=Zhongfa|last33=Yang|first33=Yang|last34=Deng|first34=Zhiqiang|last35=Liu|first35=Boxi|last36=Ma|first36=Zhitao|last37=Zhang|first37=Yanping|last38=Shi|first38=Guoqing|last39=Lam|first39=Tommy T.Y.|last40=Wu|first40=Joseph T.|last41=Gao|first41=George F.|last42=Cowling|first42=Benjamin J.|last43=Yang|first43=Bo|last44=Leung|first44=Gabriel M.|last45=Feng|first45=Zijian|title=Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|year=2020|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2001316}}</ref> | *In a recent study, [[2019-nCoV|SARS-CoV-2]] has been found to have [[Infection|infected]] males more than females.<ref name="LiGuan20202">{{cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Qun|last2=Guan|first2=Xuhua|last3=Wu|first3=Peng|last4=Wang|first4=Xiaoye|last5=Zhou|first5=Lei|last6=Tong|first6=Yeqing|last7=Ren|first7=Ruiqi|last8=Leung|first8=Kathy S.M.|last9=Lau|first9=Eric H.Y.|last10=Wong|first10=Jessica Y.|last11=Xing|first11=Xuesen|last12=Xiang|first12=Nijuan|last13=Wu|first13=Yang|last14=Li|first14=Chao|last15=Chen|first15=Qi|last16=Li|first16=Dan|last17=Liu|first17=Tian|last18=Zhao|first18=Jing|last19=Liu|first19=Man|last20=Tu|first20=Wenxiao|last21=Chen|first21=Chuding|last22=Jin|first22=Lianmei|last23=Yang|first23=Rui|last24=Wang|first24=Qi|last25=Zhou|first25=Suhua|last26=Wang|first26=Rui|last27=Liu|first27=Hui|last28=Luo|first28=Yinbo|last29=Liu|first29=Yuan|last30=Shao|first30=Ge|last31=Li|first31=Huan|last32=Tao|first32=Zhongfa|last33=Yang|first33=Yang|last34=Deng|first34=Zhiqiang|last35=Liu|first35=Boxi|last36=Ma|first36=Zhitao|last37=Zhang|first37=Yanping|last38=Shi|first38=Guoqing|last39=Lam|first39=Tommy T.Y.|last40=Wu|first40=Joseph T.|last41=Gao|first41=George F.|last42=Cowling|first42=Benjamin J.|last43=Yang|first43=Bo|last44=Leung|first44=Gabriel M.|last45=Feng|first45=Zijian|title=Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|year=2020|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2001316}}</ref> | ||
=== Region === | === Region === | ||
| Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
* Majority of the cases of [[SARS-CoV]] [[infection]] were reported in China before spreading to 29 other countries.<ref name="pmid319531662">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E |title=The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China |journal=Int. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=91 |issue= |pages=264–266 |date=January 2020 |pmid=31953166 |doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009 |url=}}</ref> | * Majority of the cases of [[SARS-CoV]] [[infection]] were reported in China before spreading to 29 other countries.<ref name="pmid319531662">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E |title=The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China |journal=Int. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=91 |issue= |pages=264–266 |date=January 2020 |pmid=31953166 |doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Majority of the cases of [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection|MERS-CoV infection]] were reported in the Middle East (mainly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) before spreading to 27 other countries. | * Majority of the cases of [[Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection|MERS-CoV infection]] were reported in the Middle East (mainly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) before spreading to 27 other countries. | ||
* Majority of the cases of COVID-19 have been reported in China and the disease has spread to 67 countries (including the United States) so far.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | * Majority of the cases of COVID-19 have been reported in China and the disease has spread to 67 countries (including the United States) so far.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | ||
**For more real-time details regarding the spread of COVID-19, click [https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 here].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | **For more real-time details regarding the spread of COVID-19, click [https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 here].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | ||
==Recent Outbreaks== | ==Recent Outbreaks== | ||
=== | === SARS-CoV-2 === | ||
==== Global ==== | ==== Global ==== | ||
* | * Majority of the cases of COVID-19 have been reported in China and the disease has spread to 67 countries (including the United States) so far.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
[[File:Outbreak-coronavirus-world.png|thumb|left|400px|Globally confirmed cases of COVID-19<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>]] | |||
<br style="clear:left"> | |||
=== Status in the United States === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
!Total Cases | |||
!43 | |||
|- | |||
!Total hospitalized | |||
!17 | |||
|- | |||
!Total deaths | |||
!2 | |||
|- | |||
!States reporting cases | |||
!10 | |||
|} | |||
* | |||
* These data represent cases detected and tested in the United States through U.S. public health surveillance systems since January 21, 2020. It does not include people who returned to the U.S. via State Department-chartered flights.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | |||
*For details on the real-time [[prevalence]] and spread of COVID-19 in the United States, click [https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html here]. | |||
<br /> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:25, 13 March 2020
|
Coronavirus Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Coronavirus epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Coronavirus epidemiology and demographics |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Coronavirus epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabawoon Mirwais, M.B.B.S, M.D.[2], Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [3]
Overview
Due to the lack of data, the exact incidence rate of coronavirus infections can not be approximated. With 8,098 confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of SARS was 9.6%. With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of MERS was 34.4%. The case fatality-rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the first 99 patients at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the outbreak) has been found to be 11%.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- Due to the lack of data, the exact incidence rate of coronavirus infections can not be approximated.
Prevalance
- From June 2012 to April 2018, MERS-CoV infection was prevalent in 2206 people globally.
- To date, 100,330 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have emerged.
- For details on the real-time prevalence and spread of COVID-19, click here.[1]
Case-fatality rate
- With 8,098 confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of SARS was 9.6%.[2]
- With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of MERS was 34.4%.
- The case fatality-rate of COVID-19 in the first 99 patients at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the outbreak) has been found to be 11%.[3]
- In a different study comprising of 138 patients infected with COVID-19, the mortality has been established to be 4.3%.[4]
Age
- Patients of all age groups can develop the disease.
- In multiple cohorts of patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19, the median age is established to range from 49 to 56 years.[5][6][7]
Race
- Coronavirus infections affect all races.
Gender
- Coronavirus infections affect men and women equally.
- In a recent study, SARS-CoV-2 has been found to have infected males more than females.[8]
Region
- Majority of the cases of SARS-CoV infection were reported in China before spreading to 29 other countries.[9]
- Majority of the cases of MERS-CoV infection were reported in the Middle East (mainly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) before spreading to 27 other countries.
- Majority of the cases of COVID-19 have been reported in China and the disease has spread to 67 countries (including the United States) so far.[10]
Recent Outbreaks
SARS-CoV-2
Global
- Majority of the cases of COVID-19 have been reported in China and the disease has spread to 67 countries (including the United States) so far.[10]
Status in the United States
| Total Cases | 43 |
|---|---|
| Total hospitalized | 17 |
| Total deaths | 2 |
| States reporting cases | 10 |
- These data represent cases detected and tested in the United States through U.S. public health surveillance systems since January 21, 2020. It does not include people who returned to the U.S. via State Department-chartered flights.[13]
- For details on the real-time prevalence and spread of COVID-19 in the United States, click here.
References
- ↑ https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E (January 2020). "The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91: 264–266. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009. PMID 31953166.
- ↑ Huang, Chaolin; Wang, Yeming; Li, Xingwang; Ren, Lili; Zhao, Jianping; Hu, Yi; Zhang, Li; Fan, Guohui; Xu, Jiuyang; Gu, Xiaoying; Cheng, Zhenshun; Yu, Ting; Xia, Jiaan; Wei, Yuan; Wu, Wenjuan; Xie, Xuelei; Yin, Wen; Li, Hui; Liu, Min; Xiao, Yan; Gao, Hong; Guo, Li; Xie, Jungang; Wang, Guangfa; Jiang, Rongmeng; Gao, Zhancheng; Jin, Qi; Wang, Jianwei; Cao, Bin (2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Wang, Dawei; Hu, Bo; Hu, Chang; Zhu, Fangfang; Liu, Xing; Zhang, Jing; Wang, Binbin; Xiang, Hui; Cheng, Zhenshun; Xiong, Yong; Zhao, Yan; Li, Yirong; Wang, Xinghuan; Peng, Zhiyong (2020). "Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China". JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B (February 2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". Lancet. 395 (10223): 497–506. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. PMID 31986264.
- ↑ Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L (February 2020). "Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study". Lancet. 395 (10223): 507–513. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7. PMID 32007143 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z (February 2020). "Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China". JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585. PMID 32031570 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Li, Qun; Guan, Xuhua; Wu, Peng; Wang, Xiaoye; Zhou, Lei; Tong, Yeqing; Ren, Ruiqi; Leung, Kathy S.M.; Lau, Eric H.Y.; Wong, Jessica Y.; Xing, Xuesen; Xiang, Nijuan; Wu, Yang; Li, Chao; Chen, Qi; Li, Dan; Liu, Tian; Zhao, Jing; Liu, Man; Tu, Wenxiao; Chen, Chuding; Jin, Lianmei; Yang, Rui; Wang, Qi; Zhou, Suhua; Wang, Rui; Liu, Hui; Luo, Yinbo; Liu, Yuan; Shao, Ge; Li, Huan; Tao, Zhongfa; Yang, Yang; Deng, Zhiqiang; Liu, Boxi; Ma, Zhitao; Zhang, Yanping; Shi, Guoqing; Lam, Tommy T.Y.; Wu, Joseph T.; Gao, George F.; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Yang, Bo; Leung, Gabriel M.; Feng, Zijian (2020). "Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001316. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E (January 2020). "The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91: 264–266. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009. PMID 31953166.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html. Missing or empty
|title=(help)