Boil pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Boil (furuncle) is the tender, deep, dome shaped skin infection of the hair follicle.

Pathophysiology

Folliculitis is the inflammation and infection of hair follicle.

Furuncle is a localized deep suppurative necrotizing form of folliculitis which involves dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative agent. Following abrasion or cut the pathogen uses the entry site to invade and colonize the hair follicle leading to the formation of tender red perifollicular nodule which later becomes painful and fluctuant terminating in the discharge of pus and necrotic plug which may leave a scar.[1]

Furunculosis is the acute or chronic appearance of a number of furuncles at multiple skin sites. Recurrent furunculosis is defined as three or more attacks within 12 month period.[1]

The most commonly affected areas are the hairy parts such as scalp, face, buttocks, axillae, and areas which are subject to friction and perspiration.

Group of furuncles coalesce to form carbuncle.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Ibler KS, Kromann CB (2014). "Recurrent furunculosis - challenges and management: a review". Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 7: 59–64. doi:10.2147/CCID.S35302. PMC 3934592. PMID 24591845.


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