Barrett's esophagus pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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==Genetics==
==Genetics==
*The development of [[Barrett's esophagus]] is the result of multiple genetic mutations including mutations on chromosome 11p in European ancestry<ref name="pmid29073141">{{cite journal| author=Sun X, Chandar AK, Canto MI, Thota PN, Brock M, Shaheen NJ et al.| title=Genomic regions associated with susceptibility to Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in African Americans: The cross BETRNet admixture study. | journal=PLoS One | year= 2017 | volume= 12 | issue= 10 | pages= e0184962 | pmid=29073141 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0184962 | pmc=5657624 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29073141  }} </ref>,
*The development of [[Barrett's esophagus]] is the result of multiple genetic mutations including mutations on chromosome 11p in European ancestry<ref name="pmid29073141">{{cite journal| author=Sun X, Chandar AK, Canto MI, Thota PN, Brock M, Shaheen NJ et al.| title=Genomic regions associated with susceptibility to Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in African Americans: The cross BETRNet admixture study. | journal=PLoS One | year= 2017 | volume= 12 | issue= 10 | pages= e0184962 | pmid=29073141 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0184962 | pmc=5657624 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29073141 }} </ref>, genetic mutation of MGST1<ref name="pmid27486097">{{cite journal| author=Buas MF, He Q, Johnson LG, Onstad L, Levine DM, Thrift AP et al.| title=Germline variation in inflammation-related pathways and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. | journal=Gut | year= 2017 | volume= 66 | issue= 10 | pages= 1739-1747 | pmid=27486097 | doi=10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311622 | pmc=5296402 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27486097 }} </ref>,


==Associated Conditions==
==Associated Conditions==

Revision as of 20:57, 2 February 2018

Barrett's Esophagus Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amresh Kumar MD [2]

Overview

Barrett's esophagus is marked by the presence of columnar epithelium in the lower esophagus, replacing the normal squamous cell epithelium; an example of metaplasia. The columnar epithelium is better able to withstand the erosive action of the gastric secretions; however, this metaplasia confers an increased cancer risk of the adenocarcinoma type.[1]

Pathophysiology

Pathogenesis

Genetics

  • The development of Barrett's esophagus is the result of multiple genetic mutations including mutations on chromosome 11p in European ancestry[2], genetic mutation of MGST1[3],

Associated Conditions

Gross Pathology

By Nephron Source: Libre Pathology

Microscopic Pathology

  • On microscopic histopathological analysis, gastric junctional type epithelium, gastric fundus type epithelium and specialized intestinal columnar metaplasia are characteristic findings of Barrett's esophagus.[4]


Histology of Barrett's esophagus ([By Nephron (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons])

References

  1. Fléjou J (2005). "Barrett's oesophagus: from metaplasia to dysplasia and cancer". Gut. 54 Suppl 1: i6–12. PMID 15711008.
  2. Sun X, Chandar AK, Canto MI, Thota PN, Brock M, Shaheen NJ; et al. (2017). "Genomic regions associated with susceptibility to Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in African Americans: The cross BETRNet admixture study". PLoS One. 12 (10): e0184962. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0184962. PMC 5657624. PMID 29073141.
  3. Buas MF, He Q, Johnson LG, Onstad L, Levine DM, Thrift AP; et al. (2017). "Germline variation in inflammation-related pathways and risk of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma". Gut. 66 (10): 1739–1747. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311622. PMC 5296402. PMID 27486097.
  4. Booth CL, Thompson KS (2012). "Barrett's esophagus: A review of diagnostic criteria, clinical surveillance practices and new developments". J Gastrointest Oncol. 3 (3): 232–42. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2012.028. PMC 3418534. PMID 22943014.

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