Asplenia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Kalpana Giri}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Kalpana Giri}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients with [[asplenia]] may have a [[positive]] history of [[Trauma]], [[Surgery]], [[sickle cell disease]], [[chronic liver disease]], [[human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)]], [[malignancies]], [[thalassemia]], [[celiac disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[amyloidosis]], [[lupus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[mutations]] in [[RPSA]], [[connexin 43]] and [[ZIC3]]. Common Symptoms include: *[[Chills]], [[Sore throat]], [[Diarrhoea]], [[muscle aches]], [[Abdominal pain], [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]], [[Neck stiffness]], [[Altered mental status]]. Less Common Symptoms include [[Cyanosis]], [[Respiratory distress]].
Patients with asplenia may have a positive history of trauma, surgery, [[sickle cell disease]], [[chronic liver disease]], [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus|human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV), [[malignancies]], [[thalassemia]], [[celiac disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[amyloidosis]], [[lupus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[mutations]] in [[RPSA]], [[connexin 43]] and [[ZIC3]]. Common symptoms include chills, sore throat, [[diarrhea]], [[muscle aches]], abdominal pain, [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]], neck stiffness, [[altered mental status]]. Less common symptoms include [[cyanosis]], [[Respiratory failure|respiratory distress]].


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
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===History===
===History===
Patients with [[asplenia]] may have a [[positive]] history of:
Patients with [[asplenia]] may have a [[positive]] history of:
*[[Trauma]] <ref name="pmid19618213">{{cite journal| author=Ahmed SA, Zengeya S, Kini U, Pollard AJ| title=Familial isolated congenital asplenia: case report and literature review. | journal=Eur J Pediatr | year= 2010 | volume= 169 | issue= 3 | pages= 315-8 | pmid=19618213 | doi=10.1007/s00431-009-1030-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19618213  }} </ref>
 
*[[Surgery]]  
*[[Trauma]]<ref name="pmid19618213">{{cite journal| author=Ahmed SA, Zengeya S, Kini U, Pollard AJ| title=Familial isolated congenital asplenia: case report and literature review. | journal=Eur J Pediatr | year= 2010 | volume= 169 | issue= 3 | pages= 315-8 | pmid=19618213 | doi=10.1007/s00431-009-1030-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19618213  }} </ref>
*[[sickle cell disease]] <ref name="pmid18564289">{{cite journal| author=Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S| title=Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature. | journal=FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol | year= 2008 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 437-9 | pmid=18564289 | doi=10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18564289  }} </ref>
*[[Surgery]]
*[[chronic liver disease]], [[human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)]], [[malignancies]], [[thalassemia]], [[celiac disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[amyloidosis]], [[lupus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] <ref name="pmid32247651">{{cite journal| author=Long B, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M| title=Complications in the adult asplenic patient: A review for the emergency clinician. | journal=Am J Emerg Med | year= 2021 | volume= 44 | issue=  | pages= 452-457 | pmid=32247651 | doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.049 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32247651  }} </ref>
*[[Sickle-cell disease|Sickle cell disease]]<ref name="pmid18564289">{{cite journal| author=Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S| title=Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature. | journal=FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol | year= 2008 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 437-9 | pmid=18564289 | doi=10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18564289  }} </ref>
*[[Heterozygous]] coding [[mutations]] in [[RPSA]].
*Chronic liver disease, [[human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)]], [[malignancies]], [[thalassemia]], [[celiac disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[amyloidosis]], [[lupus]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]]<ref name="pmid32247651">{{cite journal| author=Long B, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M| title=Complications in the adult asplenic patient: A review for the emergency clinician. | journal=Am J Emerg Med | year= 2021 | volume= 44 | issue=  | pages= 452-457 | pmid=32247651 | doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.049 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32247651  }} </ref>
*[[Heterozygous]] coding [[mutations]] in [[RPSA]]
*[[Genetic defect]]: [[connexin 43]] and [[ZIC3]] have been shown to be involved in [[heterotaxia syndromes]].<ref name="pmid13322226">{{cite journal| author=MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA| title=Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1956 | volume= 254 | issue= 24 | pages= 1131-2 | pmid=13322226 | doi=10.1056/NEJM195606142542406 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13322226  }} </ref>
*[[Genetic defect]]: [[connexin 43]] and [[ZIC3]] have been shown to be involved in [[heterotaxia syndromes]].<ref name="pmid13322226">{{cite journal| author=MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA| title=Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1956 | volume= 254 | issue= 24 | pages= 1131-2 | pmid=13322226 | doi=10.1056/NEJM195606142542406 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13322226  }} </ref>


===Common Symptoms===
===Common Symptoms===
Common symptoms of [[asplenia]] include:
Common symptoms of asplenia include:
 
*[[Fever]] <ref name="pmid28659372">{{cite journal| author=Yildiz H, Yombi JC| title=Fever and asplenia: a dangerous association. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2017 | volume= 2017 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=28659372 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2017-220513 | pmc=5535142 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28659372  }} </ref>
*[[Fever]] <ref name="pmid28659372">{{cite journal| author=Yildiz H, Yombi JC| title=Fever and asplenia: a dangerous association. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2017 | volume= 2017 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=28659372 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2017-220513 | pmc=5535142 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28659372  }} </ref>
*[[Chills]]
*[[Chills]]
*[[Sore throat]]
*[[Sore throat]]
*[[Diarrhoea]]
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[muscle aches]]
*Muscle aches
*[[Abdominal pain]] <ref name="pmid18564289">{{cite journal| author=Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S| title=Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature. | journal=FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol | year= 2008 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 437-9 | pmid=18564289 | doi=10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18564289  }} </ref>
*[[Abdominal pain]]<ref name="pmid18564289">{{cite journal| author=Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S| title=Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature. | journal=FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol | year= 2008 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 437-9 | pmid=18564289 | doi=10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18564289  }} </ref>
*[[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]]
*[[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]]
*[[Neck stiffness]] (nuchal rigidity) <ref name="pmid26130882">{{cite journal| author=Huebner ML, Milota KA| title=Asplenia and fever. | journal=Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) | year= 2015 | volume= 28 | issue= 3 | pages= 340-1 | pmid=26130882 | doi=10.1080/08998280.2015.11929267 | pmc=4462215 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26130882  }} </ref>
*Neck stiffness (nuchal rigidity) <ref name="pmid26130882">{{cite journal| author=Huebner ML, Milota KA| title=Asplenia and fever. | journal=Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) | year= 2015 | volume= 28 | issue= 3 | pages= 340-1 | pmid=26130882 | doi=10.1080/08998280.2015.11929267 | pmc=4462215 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26130882  }} </ref>
*[[Altered mental status]]
*[[Altered mental status]]
*[[Myalgia]]
*[[Myalgia]]


=== Less Common Symptoms===
===Less Common Symptoms===
 
*[[Cyanosis]] <ref name="pmid18564289">{{cite journal| author=Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S| title=Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature. | journal=FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol | year= 2008 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 437-9 | pmid=18564289 | doi=10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18564289  }} </ref>
*[[Cyanosis]] <ref name="pmid18564289">{{cite journal| author=Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S| title=Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature. | journal=FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol | year= 2008 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 437-9 | pmid=18564289 | doi=10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18564289  }} </ref>
*[[Respiratory distress]]
*[[Respiratory distress]]

Latest revision as of 05:04, 10 September 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalpana Giri, MBBS[2]

Overview

Patients with asplenia may have a positive history of trauma, surgery, sickle cell disease, chronic liver disease, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malignancies, thalassemia, celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, mutations in RPSA, connexin 43 and ZIC3. Common symptoms include chills, sore throat, diarrhea, muscle aches, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, neck stiffness, altered mental status. Less common symptoms include cyanosis, respiratory distress.

History and Symptoms

History

Patients with asplenia may have a positive history of:

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of asplenia include:

Less Common Symptoms

References

  1. ↑ Ahmed SA, Zengeya S, Kini U, Pollard AJ (2010). "Familial isolated congenital asplenia: case report and literature review". Eur J Pediatr. 169 (3): 315–8. doi:10.1007/s00431-009-1030-0. PMID 19618213.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Thiruppathy K, Privitera A, Jain K, Gupta S (2008). "Congenital asplenia and group B streptococcus sepsis in the adult: case report and review of the literature". FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 53 (3): 437–9. doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00422.x. PMID 18564289.
  3. ↑ Long B, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M (2021). "Complications in the adult asplenic patient: A review for the emergency clinician". Am J Emerg Med. 44: 452–457. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.049. PMID 32247651 Check |pmid= value (help).
  4. ↑ MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA (1956). "Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome". N Engl J Med. 254 (24): 1131–2. doi:10.1056/NEJM195606142542406. PMID 13322226.
  5. ↑ Yildiz H, Yombi JC (2017). "Fever and asplenia: a dangerous association". BMJ Case Rep. 2017. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-220513. PMC 5535142. PMID 28659372.
  6. ↑ Huebner ML, Milota KA (2015). "Asplenia and fever". Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 28 (3): 340–1. doi:10.1080/08998280.2015.11929267. PMC 4462215. PMID 26130882.


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