Aortic regurgitation precautions: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
Line 14: Line 14:
To reduce the risk of developing [[infective endocarditis]] among high-risk patients, antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered prior to certain dental/medical/surgical procedures. Such procedures may include dental extraction, deep scaling of the teeth, gum surgery, dental implants, treatment of [[esophageal varices]], dilation of [[esophageal stricture]]s, gastrointestinal surgery where the intestinal [[mucosa]] will be disrupted, [[prostate]] surgery, [[urethral stricture]] dilation, and [[cystoscopy]]. Note that routine upper and lower GI [[endoscopy]] (i.e. [[gastroscopy]] and [[colonoscopy]]), with or without [[biopsy]], are not usually considered indications for antibiotic prophylaxis.
To reduce the risk of developing [[infective endocarditis]] among high-risk patients, antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered prior to certain dental/medical/surgical procedures. Such procedures may include dental extraction, deep scaling of the teeth, gum surgery, dental implants, treatment of [[esophageal varices]], dilation of [[esophageal stricture]]s, gastrointestinal surgery where the intestinal [[mucosa]] will be disrupted, [[prostate]] surgery, [[urethral stricture]] dilation, and [[cystoscopy]]. Note that routine upper and lower GI [[endoscopy]] (i.e. [[gastroscopy]] and [[colonoscopy]]), with or without [[biopsy]], are not usually considered indications for antibiotic prophylaxis.


Not withstanding the foregoing, the American Heart Association has recently changed its recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis. Specifically, as of 2007, it is recommended that such prophylaxis be limited only to:<ref name="urlwww.heart.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4436 |title=www.heart.org |format= |work= |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref>
Not withstanding the foregoing, the American Heart Association has recently changed its recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis. Specifically, as of 2007, it is recommended that such prophylaxis be limited only to:<ref name="urlwww.heart.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4436 |title=www.heart.org |format= |work= |accessdate=2013-01-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary | url = http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/02/27/CIR.0000000000000029.full.pdf+html | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 4 March 2014 }}</ref>


*Those with [[prosthetic heart valves]]
*Those with [[prosthetic heart valves]]

Revision as of 16:37, 27 January 2020



Resident
Survival
Guide

Aortic Regurgitation Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Pesrpective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Stages

Differentiating Aortic Regurgitation from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Cardiac Stress Test

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Cardiac MRI

Treatment

Acute Aortic regurgitation

Medical Therapy
Surgery

Chronic Aortic regurgitation

Medical Therapy
Surgery

Precautions and Prophylaxis

Special Scenarios

Pregnancy
Elderly
Young Adults
End-stage Renal Disease

Case Studies

Case #1

Aortic regurgitation precautions On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Aortic regurgitation precautions

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Aortic regurgitation precautions

CDC on Aortic regurgitation precautions

Aortic regurgitation precautions in the news

Blogs on Aortic regurgitation precautions

Directions to Hospitals Treating Aortic regurgitation

Risk calculators and risk factors for Aortic regurgitation precautions

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [3]; Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [4]

Overview

Aortic regurgitation of any etiology is associated with a higher rate of infection of the valve, i.e. infective endocarditis.[1] The American Heart Association recommended that prophylaxis against infective endocarditis be limited only to patients with either prosthetic heart valves, previous episode(s) of endocarditis, or with certain types of congenital heart disease.[2] Patients with severe aortic regurgitation should avoid strenuous exercise and any exercise that greatly increases afterload such as weight lifting.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis

To reduce the risk of developing infective endocarditis among high-risk patients, antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered prior to certain dental/medical/surgical procedures. Such procedures may include dental extraction, deep scaling of the teeth, gum surgery, dental implants, treatment of esophageal varices, dilation of esophageal strictures, gastrointestinal surgery where the intestinal mucosa will be disrupted, prostate surgery, urethral stricture dilation, and cystoscopy. Note that routine upper and lower GI endoscopy (i.e. gastroscopy and colonoscopy), with or without biopsy, are not usually considered indications for antibiotic prophylaxis.

Not withstanding the foregoing, the American Heart Association has recently changed its recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis for endocarditis. Specifically, as of 2007, it is recommended that such prophylaxis be limited only to:[2][3]

References

  1. Michel PL, Acar J (1995). "Native cardiac disease predisposing to infective endocarditis". Eur Heart J. 16 Suppl B: 2–6. PMID 7671919.
  2. 2.0 2.1 "www.heart.org". Retrieved 2013-01-09.
  3. "2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease: Executive Summary". Retrieved 4 March 2014.

Template:WH Template:WS CME Category::Cardiology