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{{Acute viral nasopharyngitis(common cold)}}
{{Acute viral nasopharyngitis(common cold)}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
==History==
Symptoms of acute viral nasopharyngitis include [[runny nose]], [[cough]], and [[sore throat]].  
==Symptoms==
==History and symptoms==
After initial infection, the viral replication cycle begins within 8 to 12 hours.<ref name="coldorg">{{cite web | author = Gwaltney, JM, Hayden, FG | title = Understanding Colds | date = 2006 | url = http://www.commoncold.org/index.htm}}</ref> Symptoms can occur shortly thereafter, and usually begin within 2 to 5 days after infection, although occasionally in as little as 10 hours after infection.<ref name="coldorg">{{cite web | author = Patsy Hamilton | url = http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/6125/1/Facts-about-the-Common-Cold-Incubation-Period.html}}</ref> The first indication of a cold is often a [[Pharyngitis|sore or scratchy throat]]. Other common symptoms are [[rhinorrhea|runny nose]], [[Nasal congestion|congestion]], [[sneeze|sneezing]] and [[cough]]. These are sometimes accompanied by [[myalgia|muscle aches]], [[Fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], [[malaise]], [[headache]], [[Muscle weakness|weakness]], or [[anorexia|loss of appetite]].<ref name="CCCentre">{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/biosi/associates/cold/home.html | title = Common Cold Centre | date = 2006 | publisher = Cardiff University }}</ref> Colds occasionally cause [[fever]] and can sometimes lead to extreme exhaustion. (However, these symptoms are more usual in [[influenza]], and can differentiate the two infections.) The symptoms of a cold usually resolve after about one week, but can last up to 14 days, with a cough lasting longer than other symptoms. Symptoms may be more severe in infants and young children, and may include fever and [[urticaria|hives]].<ref name="Nordenberg1999">{{cite web | last = Nordenberg | first = Tamar | title = Colds and Flu: Time Only Sure Cure | publisher = [[Food and Drug Administration]] | date = May 1999 | url = http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/896_flu.html}}</ref><ref name="NIAID2006">{{cite web | title = Common Cold | publisher = [[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]] | url = http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/healthscience/healthtopics/colds/}}</ref><ref name="ALA2005">{{cite web | title = A Survival Guide for Preventing and Treating Influenza and the Common Cold | publisher = [[American Lung Association]] | date = August 2005 | url = http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=35873#done}}</ref><ref name="HivesACAAI">{{cite web | url = http://www.acaai.org/public/advice/urtic.htm | title = Hives | publisher = American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology}}</ref>
The [[incubation period]] is usually around 16 hours; symptoms peak between the second and fourth days.<ref name="CCCentre">{{cite web | url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/biosi/associates/cold/home.html | title = Common Cold Centre | date = 2006 | publisher = Cardiff University }}</ref>
*Common cold starts with [[sore throat]]. It usually resolves within 1-2 days.<ref name="pmid16253889">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eccles R |title=Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza |journal=Lancet Infect Dis |volume=5 |issue=11 |pages=718–25 |year=2005 |pmid=16253889 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X |url=}}</ref>
*[[Sore throat]] may be accompanied by [[fatigue]] and [[headache]].
*[[Fever]] is not usually present. [[Fever]] usually points more toward [[influenza]], not acute viral nasopharyngitis.<ref name="Nordenberg1999">{{cite web | last = Nordenberg | first = Tamar | title = Colds and Flu: Time Only Sure Cure | publisher = [[Food and Drug Administration]] | date = May 1999 | url = http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/896_flu.html}}</ref>
*Then, [[nasal congestion]], discharge, and [[runny nose]] ensue.
*[[Nasal discharge]] may cause nasal [[congestion]], which interferes with sleeping and eating.<ref name="NIAID2006">{{cite web | title = Common Cold | publisher = [[National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases]] | url = http://www3.niaid.nih.gov/healthscience/healthtopics/colds/}}</ref>
===Post viral cough===
*[[Cough]] usually starts approximately after 4 to 5 days (along with the improvement of nasal symptoms).<ref name="ALA2005">{{cite web | title = A Survival Guide for Preventing and Treating Influenza and the Common Cold | publisher = [[American Lung Association]] | date = August 2005 | url = http://www.lungusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=35873#done}}</ref>
*[[Cough]] is usually milder than that of [[influenza]].
===Resolution of symptoms===
*Symptoms usually resolve within 7-10 days.<ref name="pmid12517470">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heikkinen T, Järvinen A |title=The common cold |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9351 |pages=51–9 |year=2003 |pmid=12517470 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9 |url=}}</ref>
*[[Cough]] may persist for a few weeks after the resolution of symptoms.


==References==
==References==
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{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 20:17, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Overview

Symptoms of acute viral nasopharyngitis include runny nose, cough, and sore throat.

History and symptoms

The incubation period is usually around 16 hours; symptoms peak between the second and fourth days.[1]

Post viral cough

  • Cough usually starts approximately after 4 to 5 days (along with the improvement of nasal symptoms).[5]
  • Cough is usually milder than that of influenza.

Resolution of symptoms

  • Symptoms usually resolve within 7-10 days.[6]
  • Cough may persist for a few weeks after the resolution of symptoms.

References

  1. "Common Cold Centre". Cardiff University. 2006.
  2. Eccles R (2005). "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". Lancet Infect Dis. 5 (11): 718–25. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889.
  3. Nordenberg, Tamar (May 1999). "Colds and Flu: Time Only Sure Cure". Food and Drug Administration.
  4. "Common Cold". National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
  5. "A Survival Guide for Preventing and Treating Influenza and the Common Cold". American Lung Association. August 2005.
  6. Heikkinen T, Järvinen A (2003). "The common cold". Lancet. 361 (9351): 51–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9. PMID 12517470.

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