Pertussis secondary prevention
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
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Overview
Effective measures of secondary prevention involve antibiotic prophylaxis, post exposure, for individuals infected with Pertussis or those who have come into contact with infected individuals. Antibiotic treatment and preventative measures vary in application based on the age of the patient.
Secondary Prevention
Post exposure prophylaxis
- The recommended antimicrobial agents for treatment or chemoprophylaxis of pertussis are azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxasole can also be used.[1]
Infants
Age ≥1 Month
- Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin are preferred for the post exposure prophylaxis of pertussis in persons ≥1 month of age.[1]
- For persons ≥2 months of age, an alternative to macrolides is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.[1]
Age <1 Month
- For infants <1 month of age, azithromycin is preferred for post exposure prophylaxis and treatment because azithromycin has not been associated with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS), whereas erythromycin has.[1]