Milk-alkali syndrome laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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{{Milk-alkali syndrome}} | {{Milk-alkali syndrome}} | ||
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==<s>Overview</s>== | |||
==<s>Laboratory Findings</s>== | |||
<s>Levels of [[serum]] [[calcium]] must be obtained, but a full workup must include total/ionized [[calcium]], [[human serum albumin|albumin]], [[phosphate]], [[PTH]], [[PTHrP]], [[vitamin D]] and [[TSH]]. In addition, evaluation of [[hypercalcemia]] must include an [[ECG]], which may show a short QT interval.</s> | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
* The following laboratory findings are seen in milk-alkali syndrome: | |||
**[[Hypercalcemia]] | |||
**[[Metabolic alkalosis]] | |||
**Variable degrees of [[renal insufficiency]] | |||
**[[Phosphorus]] may be normal or low ([[phosphorus]] levels used to be high in the classic milk-alkali syndrome due to the high [[phosphorus]] load from cream and milk and the development of acute and chronic renal injury.) | |||
**[[Vitamin D]] is usually low, but may be normal or increased if [[vitamin D]] supplements are the cause to milk-alkali syndrome. 8 | |||
**[[Parathyroid hormone|Parathyroid hormone (PTH)]] is usually low, but is occasionally normal which may be because of [[renal insufficiency]] or a rapid decrease in serum [[calcium]] after aggressive therapy with [[Intravenous therapy|intravenous]] [[Saline (medicine)|saline]] . (7) | |||
*** [[Parathyroid hormone|PTH]] should be checked in order to rule out primary [[hyperparathyroidism]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 11:58, 13 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Laboratory Findings
Levels of serum calcium must be obtained, but a full workup must include total/ionized calcium, albumin, phosphate, PTH, PTHrP, vitamin D and TSH. In addition, evaluation of hypercalcemia must include an ECG, which may show a short QT interval.
Overview
Laboratory Findings
- The following laboratory findings are seen in milk-alkali syndrome:
- Hypercalcemia
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Variable degrees of renal insufficiency
- Phosphorus may be normal or low (phosphorus levels used to be high in the classic milk-alkali syndrome due to the high phosphorus load from cream and milk and the development of acute and chronic renal injury.)
- Vitamin D is usually low, but may be normal or increased if vitamin D supplements are the cause to milk-alkali syndrome. 8
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is usually low, but is occasionally normal which may be because of renal insufficiency or a rapid decrease in serum calcium after aggressive therapy with intravenous saline . (7)
- PTH should be checked in order to rule out primary hyperparathyroidism.