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{{Otitis externa}}
{{Otitis externa}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{LRO}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Risk factors for acute otitis externa include activities and conditions that predispose an individual to [[ear canal]] [[inflammation]]. They also include being a female between 65 and 74 years old. Risk factors for malignant necrotizing otitis externa include conditions predisposing an individual to [[immunocompromise]], including undergoing [[chemotherapy]] or suffering from [[diabetes mellitus]].
Risk factors for acute otitis externa include activities and conditions that predispose an individual to [[ear canal]] [[inflammation]]. Risk factors also include being a female between 65 and 74 years old. Risk factors for malignant necrotizing otitis externa include conditions predisposing an individual to [[immunocompromise]], including undergoing [[chemotherapy]] or suffering from [[diabetes mellitus]].


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
*Risk factors for acute otitis externa include activities and conditions that predispose an individual to [[ear canal]] [[inflammation]]:<ref name="urlSwimmers ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm |title=Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*Risk factors for acute otitis externa include activities and conditions that predispose an individual to [[ear canal]] [[inflammation]]:<ref name="urlSwimmers ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm |title=Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
**Scuba-diving, increasing the risk of trapped water in the [[ear canal]].<ref name="pmid23022815">{{cite journal |vauthors=Azizi MH |title=Ear disorders in scuba divers |journal=Int J Occup Environ Med |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=20–6 |year=2011 |pmid=23022815 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
**Scuba-diving increases the risk of trapped water in the [[ear canal]].<ref name="pmid23022815">{{cite journal |vauthors=Azizi MH |title=Ear disorders in scuba divers |journal=Int J Occup Environ Med |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=20–6 |year=2011 |pmid=23022815 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
**Swimming in public pools or other unclean bodies of water, heightening the chance of [[bacterial]] or [[fungal]] infection.
**Swimming in public pools or other unclean bodies of water increases the chance of [[bacterial]] or [[fungal]] infection.
**Living in a humid or tropical climate.<ref name="urlEstimated Burden of Acute Otitis Externa --- United States, 2003--2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm |title=Estimated Burden of Acute Otitis Externa --- United States, 2003--2007 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
**Living in a humid or tropical climate<ref name="urlEstimated Burden of Acute Otitis Externa --- United States, 2003--2007">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a2.htm |title=Estimated Burden of Acute Otitis Externa --- United States, 2003--2007 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
**Developing [[dermatoses]] such as [[eczema]], [[seborrhea]], and [[psoriasis]].<ref name="pmid23198673">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schaefer P, Baugh RF |title=Acute otitis externa: an update |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=1055–61 |year=2012 |pmid=23198673 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
**Developing [[dermatoses]] such as [[eczema]], [[seborrhea]], and [[psoriasis]]<ref name="pmid23198673">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schaefer P, Baugh RF |title=Acute otitis externa: an update |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=1055–61 |year=2012 |pmid=23198673 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
**Loss of [[cerumen]] in the [[ear canal]], lowering the amount of [[ear canal]] protective coating.
**Loss of [[cerumen]] in the [[ear canal]] thins the [[ear canal]] protective coating
**Experiencing foreign objects that can cause [[irritation]] and [[inflammation]], such as hearing aids or ear plugs.
**Introduction of foreign objects in the [[ear canal]] such as hearing aids, or ear plugs can cause [[irritation]] and [[inflammation]]
**Having [[ear canal]] obstructions, such as [[sebaceous cysts]].
**[[Ear canal]] obstruction such as [[sebaceous cysts]]
**Experiencing [[suppuration]] from other ear diseases such as [[otitis media]]
**[[Suppuration]] from other ear diseases such as [[otitis media]]
**Undergoing prolonged treatment with topical [[antibiotics]].<ref name="pmid23198673">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schaefer P, Baugh RF |title=Acute otitis externa: an update |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=1055–61 |year=2012 |pmid=23198673 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
**Undergoing prolonged treatment with topical [[antibiotics]] raises the risk of [[otomycosis]].<ref name="pmid23198673">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schaefer P, Baugh RF |title=Acute otitis externa: an update |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=1055–61 |year=2012 |pmid=23198673 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
***Raises risk of [[otomycosis]].
**Trauma to the [[ear canal]]
**Experiencing physical trauma in the [[ear canal]].
**Repeated exposure to irritants such as soaps, shampoos, or related cosmetic chemicals
**Repeating exposure to irritants, such as soaps, shampoos, or related cosmetic chemicals.
**Having a narrow [[ear canal]] more prone to retaining water
**Having a narrow [[ear canal]] more prone to retaining water.
*Being a female between age 65 and 74<ref name="pmid11462312">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rowlands S, Devalia H, Smith C, Hubbard R, Dean A |title=Otitis externa in UK general practice: a survey using the UK General Practice Research Database |journal=Br J Gen Pract |volume=51 |issue=468 |pages=533–8 |year=2001 |pmid=11462312 |pmc=1314044 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Being a female between age 65 and 74.<ref name="pmid11462312">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rowlands S, Devalia H, Smith C, Hubbard R, Dean A |title=Otitis externa in UK general practice: a survey using the UK General Practice Research Database |journal=Br J Gen Pract |volume=51 |issue=468 |pages=533–8 |year=2001 |pmid=11462312 |pmc=1314044 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*For malignant necrotizing otitis externa, contributors to [[immunocompromise]] include:<ref name="urlMalignant otitis externa: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000672.htm |title=Malignant otitis externa: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*For malignant necrotizing otitis externa, contributors to [[immunocompromise]], including the following:<ref name="urlMalignant otitis externa: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000672.htm |title=Malignant otitis externa: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
**[[Chemotherapy]]
**[[Chemotherapy]]
**[[Diabetes mellitus]]
**[[Diabetes mellitus]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:FinalQCRequired]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}

Revision as of 19:29, 7 August 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Risk factors for acute otitis externa include activities and conditions that predispose an individual to ear canal inflammation. Risk factors also include being a female between 65 and 74 years old. Risk factors for malignant necrotizing otitis externa include conditions predisposing an individual to immunocompromise, including undergoing chemotherapy or suffering from diabetes mellitus.

Risk Factors

References

  1. ↑ "Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".
  2. ↑ Azizi MH (2011). "Ear disorders in scuba divers". Int J Occup Environ Med. 2 (1): 20–6. PMID 23022815.
  3. ↑ "Estimated Burden of Acute Otitis Externa --- United States, 2003--2007".
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Schaefer P, Baugh RF (2012). "Acute otitis externa: an update". Am Fam Physician. 86 (11): 1055–61. PMID 23198673.
  5. ↑ Rowlands S, Devalia H, Smith C, Hubbard R, Dean A (2001). "Otitis externa in UK general practice: a survey using the UK General Practice Research Database". Br J Gen Pract. 51 (468): 533–8. PMC 1314044. PMID 11462312.
  6. ↑ "Malignant otitis externa: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".

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