Insomnia: Difference between revisions
Rohit Reddy (talk | contribs) |
Rohit Reddy (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
**Cortical | **Cortical | ||
*Genetic: ApoE4, PER3, 5HTTLPR, [[Single Nucleotide Polymorphism]], CLOCK gene, HLA DQI*002 | *Genetic: ApoE4, PER3, 5HTTLPR, [[Single Nucleotide Polymorphism]], CLOCK gene, HLA DQI*002 | ||
* Sleep switch Model(Orexin) | * Sleep switch Model (Orexin) | ||
** Sleep:[[Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus]] | ** Sleep:[[Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus]] | ||
** Wake: [[Tuberomammillary nucleus]], [[dorsal raphe]], [[Locus coeruleus]] | ** Wake: [[Tuberomammillary nucleus]], [[dorsal raphe]], [[Locus coeruleus]] | ||
Revision as of 20:16, 10 February 2021
For patient information click here
|
Insomnia Microchapters |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Insomnia On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Insomnia :All Images :X'-'ray' 'X'-'rays :Ultrasound' 'Echo & Ultrasound :CT' 'CT Images :MRI' 'MRI |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Amber Ehsan Faquih, MD[2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3], Jyostna Chouturi, M.B.B.S [4]
Synonyms and keywords: Insomnia disorder
Overview
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
It is thought that insomnia is mediated by:
- Molecular Mechanism
- Hormones causing sleep suppression: Catecholamine, Histamine, Orexin
- Hormones promoting: Adenosine, serotonin, GABA, melatonin, Prostaglandin D2
- Hyperarousal model
- Cognitive
- Physiologic
- Cortical
- Genetic: ApoE4, PER3, 5HTTLPR, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, CLOCK gene, HLA DQI*002
- Sleep switch Model (Orexin)
- Cognitive and Behavioural Model
- Precipitating factors
- Predisposing factors
- Perpetuating factors
Classification
Insomnia has been classified by the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd Edition into 11 categories[1]:
- Psychophysiologic insomnia (primary insomnia)
- Adjustment insomnia (acute insomnia)
- Paradoxical insomnia
- Behavioral insomnia of childhood
- Primary sleep disorders causing insomnia
- Idiopathic insomnia
- Inadequate sleep hygiene
- Insomnia due to mental disorder
- Insomnia due to drug or substance abuse
- Insomnia due to a medical condition
- Insomnia not due to a substance or known physiologic condition, unspecified
Causes
Differentiating Insomnia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Non-pharmacological therapy | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Management is guided by available clinical practice guidelines[2].
Case Studies
See also
References
- ↑ "Insomnia: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy".
- ↑ Mysliwiec V, Martin JL, Ulmer CS, Chowdhuri S, Brock MS, Spevak C; et al. (2020). "The Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Synopsis of the 2019 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines". Ann Intern Med. doi:10.7326/M19-3575. PMID 32066145 Check
|pmid=value (help).
Template:Diseases of the nervous system Template:SleepSeries2