Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis}}
{{non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis}}


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==Overview==
==Overview==
Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis is a rare autopsy finding. Although the exact incidence of NBTE is unknown, it is thought to be approximately 900-600 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. The prevalence of NBTE is approximately 9,300 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Patients of all age groups may develop NBTE, usually in the 4th to 8th decade. There is no racial predilection to NBTE, and NBTE affects men and women equally.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
===Incidence===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis is a rare autopsy finding<ref name="pmid17535760">{{cite journal |vauthors=Llenas-García J, Guerra-Vales JM, Montes-Moreno S, López-Ríos F, Castelbón-Fernández FJ, Chimeno-García J |title=[Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: clinicopathologic study of a necropsy series] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Rev Esp Cardiol |volume=60 |issue=5 |pages=493–500 |date=May 2007 |pmid=17535760 |doi= |url=}}</ref>.
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*It is a rare disease that tends to affect patients with advanced malignancies<ref name="pmid9217593">{{cite journal |vauthors=Edoute Y, Haim N, Rinkevich D, Brenner B, Reisner SA |title=Cardiac valvular vegetations in cancer patients: a prospective echocardiographic study of 200 patients |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=252–8 |date=March 1997 |pmid=9217593 |doi=10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00457-3 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9043857">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalangos A, Pretre R, Girardet C, Ricou E, Faidutti B |title=An atypical aortic valve non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in the course of multiple myeloma |journal=Eur. Heart J. |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=351–2 |date=February 1997 |pmid=9043857 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015243 |url=}}</ref> and patients with autoimmune disorders<ref name="pmid8608627">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hojnik M, George J, Ziporen L, Shoenfeld Y |title=Heart valve involvement (Libman-Sacks endocarditis) in the antiphospholipid syndrome |journal=Circulation |volume=93 |issue=8 |pages=1579–87 |date=April 1996 |pmid=8608627 |doi=10.1161/01.cir.93.8.1579 |url=}}</ref>.
*Although the exact incidence of NBTE is unknown, it is thought to be approximately 900-600 per 100,000 individuals worldwide<ref name="pmid998478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Deppisch LM, Fayemi AO |title=Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis: clinicopathologic correlations |journal=Am. Heart J. |volume=92 |issue=6 |pages=723–9 |date=December 1976 |pmid=998478 |doi=10.1016/s0002-8703(76)80008-7 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1851590">{{cite journal |vauthors=González Quintela A, Candela MJ, Vidal C, Román J, Aramburo P |title=Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in cancer patients |journal=Acta Cardiol |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |date=1991 |pmid=1851590 |doi= |url=}}</ref>.


===Prevalence===
===Prevalence===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The prevalence of NBTE is approximately 9,300 per 100,000 individuals worldwide<ref name="pmid6481938">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuramoto K, Matsushita S, Yamanouchi H |title=Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis as a cause of cerebral and myocardial infarction |journal=Jpn. Circ. J. |volume=48 |issue=9 |pages=1000–6 |date=September 1984 |pmid=6481938 |doi=10.1253/jcj.48.1000 |url=}}</ref>.
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.
 
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate===
*In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
*The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].


===Age===
===Age===
*Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
*Patients of all age groups may develop NBTE<ref name="pmid3548296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lopez JA, Ross RS, Fishbein MC, Siegel RJ |title=Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: a review |journal=Am. Heart J. |volume=113 |issue=3 |pages=773–84 |date=March 1987 |pmid=3548296 |doi=10.1016/0002-8703(87)90719-8 |url=}}</ref>.
*The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
*NBTE commonly affects individuals between the ages of 40-80years of age<ref name="pmid6481938">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuramoto K, Matsushita S, Yamanouchi H |title=Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis as a cause of cerebral and myocardial infarction |journal=Jpn. Circ. J. |volume=48 |issue=9 |pages=1000–6 |date=September 1984 |pmid=6481938 |doi=10.1253/jcj.48.1000 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid13124459">{{cite journal |vauthors=ANGRIST A, MARQUISS J |title=The changing morphologic picture of endocarditis since the advent of chemotherapy and antibiotic agents |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=39–63 |date=1954 |pmid=13124459 |pmc=1942455 |doi= |url=}}</ref>.  
*[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.  
*[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
*[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].


===Race===
===Race===
*There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
*There is no racial predilection to NBTE<ref name="pmid3548296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lopez JA, Ross RS, Fishbein MC, Siegel RJ |title=Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: a review |journal=Am. Heart J. |volume=113 |issue=3 |pages=773–84 |date=March 1987 |pmid=3548296 |doi=10.1016/0002-8703(87)90719-8 |url=}}</ref>.
*[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
 
===Gender===
===Gender===
*[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
*NBTE affects men and women equally<ref name="pmid6481938">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuramoto K, Matsushita S, Yamanouchi H |title=Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis as a cause of cerebral and myocardial infarction |journal=Jpn. Circ. J. |volume=48 |issue=9 |pages=1000–6 |date=September 1984 |pmid=6481938 |doi=10.1253/jcj.48.1000 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3548296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lopez JA, Ross RS, Fishbein MC, Siegel RJ |title=Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: a review |journal=Am. Heart J. |volume=113 |issue=3 |pages=773–84 |date=March 1987 |pmid=3548296 |doi=10.1016/0002-8703(87)90719-8 |url=}}</ref>.
*[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
 
===Region===
*The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
 
*[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
 
===Developed Countries===
 
===Developing Countries===
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rare condition most often found postmortem with rates in autopsy series ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 percent [1-6]. It has been reported in every age group, most commonly affecting patients between the fourth and eighth decades of life with no sex predilection [1,7-9]. Patients with advanced malignancy and those with systemic lupus erythematosus are the most common populations affected by NBTE.


One autopsy series reported that, compared to the general population, patients with underlying malignancy have a higher rate of NBTE (1.25 versus 0.2 percent) [2,3]. When compared to other malignancies, higher rates were reported in those with adenocarcinoma (eg, lung, colon, ovary, biliary and prostate) (2.7 versus 0.47 percent) with the highest rates observed in patients with mucin-secreting and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (10 percent) [3,7,10].


In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, observational studies using transthoracic echocardiography have reported prevalence rates of 6 to 11 percent, with higher rates (43 percent) observed when the more sensitive transesophageal echocardiography was performed
<br />
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 21:40, 22 August 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aisha Adigun, B.Sc., M.D.[2]

Overview

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis is a rare autopsy finding. Although the exact incidence of NBTE is unknown, it is thought to be approximately 900-600 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. The prevalence of NBTE is approximately 9,300 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Patients of all age groups may develop NBTE, usually in the 4th to 8th decade. There is no racial predilection to NBTE, and NBTE affects men and women equally.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis is a rare autopsy finding[1].
  • It is a rare disease that tends to affect patients with advanced malignancies[2][3] and patients with autoimmune disorders[4].
  • Although the exact incidence of NBTE is unknown, it is thought to be approximately 900-600 per 100,000 individuals worldwide[5][6].

Prevalence

  • The prevalence of NBTE is approximately 9,300 per 100,000 individuals worldwide[7].

Age

  • Patients of all age groups may develop NBTE[8].
  • NBTE commonly affects individuals between the ages of 40-80years of age[7][9].

Race

  • There is no racial predilection to NBTE[8].

Gender

  • NBTE affects men and women equally[7][8].



References

  1. ↑ Llenas-García J, Guerra-Vales JM, Montes-Moreno S, López-Ríos F, Castelbón-Fernández FJ, Chimeno-García J (May 2007). "[Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: clinicopathologic study of a necropsy series]". Rev Esp Cardiol (in Spanish; Castilian). 60 (5): 493–500. PMID 17535760.
  2. ↑ Edoute Y, Haim N, Rinkevich D, Brenner B, Reisner SA (March 1997). "Cardiac valvular vegetations in cancer patients: a prospective echocardiographic study of 200 patients". Am. J. Med. 102 (3): 252–8. doi:10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00457-3. PMID 9217593.
  3. ↑ Kalangos A, Pretre R, Girardet C, Ricou E, Faidutti B (February 1997). "An atypical aortic valve non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in the course of multiple myeloma". Eur. Heart J. 18 (2): 351–2. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a015243. PMID 9043857.
  4. ↑ Hojnik M, George J, Ziporen L, Shoenfeld Y (April 1996). "Heart valve involvement (Libman-Sacks endocarditis) in the antiphospholipid syndrome". Circulation. 93 (8): 1579–87. doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.8.1579. PMID 8608627.
  5. ↑ Deppisch LM, Fayemi AO (December 1976). "Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis: clinicopathologic correlations". Am. Heart J. 92 (6): 723–9. doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(76)80008-7. PMID 998478.
  6. ↑ González Quintela A, Candela MJ, Vidal C, Román J, Aramburo P (1991). "Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in cancer patients". Acta Cardiol. 46 (1): 1–9. PMID 1851590.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Kuramoto K, Matsushita S, Yamanouchi H (September 1984). "Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis as a cause of cerebral and myocardial infarction". Jpn. Circ. J. 48 (9): 1000–6. doi:10.1253/jcj.48.1000. PMID 6481938.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Lopez JA, Ross RS, Fishbein MC, Siegel RJ (March 1987). "Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: a review". Am. Heart J. 113 (3): 773–84. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(87)90719-8. PMID 3548296.
  9. ↑ ANGRIST A, MARQUISS J (1954). "The changing morphologic picture of endocarditis since the advent of chemotherapy and antibiotic agents". Am. J. Pathol. 30 (1): 39–63. PMC 1942455. PMID 13124459.

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