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'''Editor-in-Chief:''' Jane Wu
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Gallbladder cancer|here]]'''


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{{Gallbladder cancer (patient information)}}


==What is gallbladder cancer==
'''Editor-in-Chief:''' [[C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.]] [mailto:charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com] {{AE}}{{VKG}}


Gallbladder cancer is rare. It is more common in women and Native Americans. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ that stores bile, which is a fluid made by the liver to digest fat. When your stomach and intestines digest food, your gallbladder releases bile through a tube called the common bile duct. Symptoms of gallbladder cancer include jaundice, abdomial pain and lumps, nausea, vomiting, etc. It is hard to detect gallbladder cancer early on. Possible treatments include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
==Overview==
[[Gallbladder cancer]] is rare. It is more common in women and Native Americans. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ that stores [[bile]], which is a fluid made by the liver to digest fat. When your stomach and intestines digest food, your gallbladder releases bile through a tube called the [[common bile duct]]. Symptoms of gallbladder cancer include [[jaundice]], [[abdominal pain]] and [[lump]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], etc. It is hard to detect gallbladder cancer early on. Possible treatments include surgery, [[radiation]] and [[chemotherapy]].


==How do I know if I have gallbladder cancer and what are the symptoms of gallbladder cancer?==
==What are the symptoms of gallbladder cancer?==
Because the gallbladder is located deep inside the body, your doctor cannot see or feel tumors during a routine [[physical exam]]. Therefore, it is hard to [[diagnose]] gallbladder cancer early. Sometimes, gallbladder cancers are found unexpectedly after removal of the gallbladder for other reasons, such as [[gallstones]]. As the cancer progresses, people may notice one or more symptoms as the following:


Because the gallbladder is located deep inside the body, your doctor cannot see or feel tumors during a routine physical exam. Therefore, it is hard to diagnose gallbladder cancer early on. Sometimes, gallbladder cancers are found unexpectedly after removal of the gallbladder for other reasons, such as gallstones. As the cancer progresses, people may notice one or more symptoms as the following:
*[[Jaundice]]: Is a yellowing of the [[sclera]] and skin. Normally, [[bilirubin]] is made in the liver and the liver excretes it into [[bile]]. Then bile goes into the [[Intestine|intestines]] eventually leaving the body in the stool. Once the [[common bile duct]] becomes blocked, bile can't reach the intestines, and the level of bilirubin builds up. If the bile duct is blocked, bilirubin cannot get through to the intestines then [[stools]] may become lighter in color.
 
*[[Abdominal pain]]: Experiencing abdominal pain due to gallbladder cancer is because advanced gallbladder cancer start to compress other nearby organs. The pain may be constant or it may come and go.
:*[[Jaundice]]: Is a yellowing of the sclera and skin. Normally, [[bilirubin]] is made in the liver and the liver excretes it into [[bile]]. Then bile goes into the intestines eventually leaving the body in the stool. Once the [[common bile duct]] becomes blocked, bile can't reach the intestines, and the level of bilirubin builds up. If the bile duct is blocked, bilirubin cannot get through to the intestines then stools may become lighter in color.
*[[Gallbladder]] enlargement or [[lump]] in abdomen: Is because the cancer blocks the bile duct and bile builds up in the gallbladder to enlarge. Sometimes a doctor can feel this enlargement during the [[physical exam]]
:*Abdominal pain: Experiencing abdominal pain due to gallbladder cancer is because advanced gallbladder cancer start to compress other nearby organs. The pain may be constant or it may come and go.
*Digestive problems: Patients with gallbladder cancer are unable to digest fatty foods when cancer blocks the release of the bile into the intestine. This can cause [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]] that tend to be worse after eating. Undigested fat may cause stools to be pale, bulky, and greasy.   
:*[[Gallbladder]] enlargement or lumps in abdomen: Is because the cancer blocks the bile duct and bile builds up in the gallbladder to enlarge. Sometimes a doctor can feel this enlargement during the [[physical exam]]
*[[Weight loss]] and [[marasmus]], [[poor appetite]]: Unintended or unexpected [[weight loss]] is very common in patients with gallbladder cancer. These people also complain of being very tired and having little or no appetite.
:*Digestive problems: Patients with gallbladder cancer are unable to digest fatty foods when cancer blocks the release of the bile into the intestine. This can cause [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]] that tend to be worse after eating. Undigested fat may cause stools to be pale, bulky, and greasy.   
:*[[Weight loss]] and [[marasmus]], [[poor appetite]]: Unintended or unexpected weight loss is very common in patients with gallbladder cancer. These people also complain of being very tired and having little or no appetite.


Other health problems such as [[gallstones]], [[hepatitis]], and other pancreatic diseases may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell his/her doctor so that problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
Other health problems such as [[gallstones]], [[hepatitis]], and other pancreatic diseases may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell his/her doctor so that problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.


==Who is at risk for gallbladder cancer?==
==Who is at highest risk?==


There are some factors that may increase the chance of acquiring gallbladder cancer. These risk factors include:
There are some factors that may increase the chance of acquiring gallbladder cancer. These risk factors include:


:*[[Gallstones]]: This is the most common risk factor for gallbladder cancer. It is estimated that about 75% and 90% of people with gallbladder cancer have a history of gallstones. Gallstones are the most common digestive disease in the United States, but only a small proportion of people develop gallbladder cancer.
*[[Gallstones]]: This is the most common risk factor for gallbladder cancer. It is estimated that about 75% and 90% of people with gallbladder cancer have a history of gallstones. Gallstones are the most common digestive disease in the United States, but only a small proportion of people develop gallbladder cancer.


:*[[Gallbladder polyps]]: Gallbladder polyp is caused by small [[gallstones]] or [[cholecystitis]]. Because gallbladder polyps larger than 10 millimeters are likely to develop into cancer, surgeons often recommend removing the gallbladder.
*[[Gallbladder polyps]]: Gallbladder polyp is caused by small [[gallstones]] or [[cholecystitis]]. Because gallbladder polyps larger than 10 millimeters are likely to develop into cancer, surgeons often recommend removing the gallbladder.


:*Family history. People with family history of gallbladder cancer have a higher probability of developing gallbladder cancer.
*Family history. People with family history of gallbladder cancer have a higher probability of developing gallbladder cancer.


:*Ethnicity: Epidemiology data demonstrates that Mexican Americans and Native Americans, particularly in the southwestern United States, are more likely to develop gallbladder cancer than the general population.
*Ethnicity: Epidemiology data demonstrates that Mexican Americans and Native Americans, particularly in the southwestern United States, are more likely to develop [[gallbladder cancer]] than the general population.


:*Age: Clinical data shows most people with gallbladder cancer are older than 70.
*Age: Clinical data shows most people with gallbladder cancer are older than 70.


:*Gender: Epidemiology data shows women are about twice as likely to develop gallbladder cancer as men.
*Gender: Epidemiology data shows women are about twice as likely to develop gallbladder cancer as men.


:*Smoking: Smoking may increase the risk of gallbladder cancer.
*Smoking: [[Smoking]] may increase the risk of gallbladder cancer.


==How to know you have gallbladder cancer?==
==When to seek urgent medical care?==


It is hard to detect early forms of gallbladder cancer. Like other cancer diseases, doctors need to administer many tests to diagnose cancer and determine whether it has metastasized. For most types of cancer, a [[biopsy]] is the best way to make a definitive diagnosis of cancer. If a biopsy is not possible, other image tests are recommended such as [[computed tomography (CT) scan]], [[Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]] or [[Positron emission tomography (PET) scan]].
Gallbladder cancer forms tumors which are very difficult to detect in the early stages. If symptoms of gallbladder cancer develop, go to see your doctor as soon as possible:


:*[[Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)]] and biopsy: During this procedure, a thin, lighted and flexible tube is passed down your throat, through the esophagus and stomach, then into the first part of the small intestine. A small amount of contrast material is then injected through the tube into the common bile duct and x-rays are taken. The x-ray images can show narrowing or blockage of these ducts that might be due to gallbladder cancer. At the same time the doctor doing this test can also put a small brush through the tube to remove cells for a biopsy.
*Severe [[abdominal pain]], especially when accompanied with [[jaundice]] and [[fever]]


:*[[Computed tomography (CT) scan]] and biopsy: CT scans are often used to diagnose gallbladder cancer. It can confirm the location of the cancer and show the organs near the gallbladder, as well as lymph nodes and distant organs where the cancer might have spread. These are helpful in staging the cancer and in determining whether surgery is a good treatment option. CT scans can also be used to guide a biopsy procedure and a biopsy sample is then removed and looked at under a microscope.
==Diagnosis==


:*[[Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]]: An MRI uses magnetic fields, which is a different imaging technique then the computed tomography (CT) scan and is used to produce detailed images of the body. Like computed tomography (CT), a contrast agent may be injected into a patient’s vein to create a better picture. An MRI scan takes longer to perform than a CT scan.
It is hard to detect early forms of gallbladder cancer. Like other cancer diseases, doctors need to administer many tests to diagnose cancer and determine whether it has metastasized. For most types of cancer, a [[biopsy]] is the best way to make a definitive diagnosis of cancer. If a biopsy is not possible, other image tests are recommended such as computed tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or Positron emission tomography (PET) scan.


:*[[Positron emission tomography (PET) scan]]: When doing this test, a small amount of a radioactive medium is injected into your body and absorbed by the organs or tissues. This radioactive substance gives off energy to produce the images. PET scans can provide more helpful information than CT and MRI scans. It is useful to see if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes and also useful for your doctor to locate where the cancer has spread.
*[[Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography]] (ERCP) and [[biopsy]]: During this procedure, a thin, lighted and flexible tube is passed down your throat, through the esophagus and stomach, then into the first part of the small intestine. A small amount of contrast material is then injected through the tube into the common bile duct and x-rays are taken. The x-ray images can show narrowing or blockage of these ducts that might be due to gallbladder cancer. At the same time the doctor doing this test can also put a small brush through the tube to remove cells for a biopsy.


:*Ultrasound: This is an atraumatic test which uses sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs. Because tumors generate different echoes of the sound waves than normal tissue, the doctor can locate a mass inside the body.
*[[Computed tomography]] (CT) scan and [[biopsy]]: CT scans are often used to diagnose gallbladder cancer. It can confirm the location of the cancer and show the organs near the gallbladder, as well as [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]] and distant organs where the cancer might have spread. These are helpful in staging the cancer and in determining whether surgery is a good treatment option. CT scans can also be used to guide a biopsy procedure and a biopsy sample is then removed and looked at under a microscope.


:*Blood tests: Blood tests that look at levels of different kinds of bilirubin are also useful to decide whether a patient's jaundice is due to a disease of the liver or to blockage of bile flow.
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI): An MRI uses magnetic fields, which is a different imaging technique then the computed tomography (CT) scan and is used to produce detailed images of the body. Like computed tomography (CT), a contrast agent may be injected into a patient’s vein to create a better picture. An MRI scan takes longer to perform than a CT scan.


==When to seek urgent medical care==
*[[Positron emission tomography]] (PET) scan: When doing this test, a small amount of a radioactive medium is injected into your body and absorbed by the organs or tissues.  This radioactive substance gives off energy to produce the images. PET scans can provide more helpful information than CT and MRI scans. It is useful to see if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes and also useful for your doctor to locate where the cancer has spread.


Gallbladder cancer forms tumors which are very difficult to detect in the early stages. If symptoms of gallbladder cancer develop, go to see your doctor as soon as possible:
*[[Ultrasound]]: This is an atraumatic test which uses sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs. Because tumors generate different echoes of the sound waves than normal tissue, the doctor can locate a mass inside the body.


:*Severe pain in abdominal, especially when accompanied by jaundice and fever
*[[Blood test|Blood tests]]: Blood tests that look at levels of different kinds of bilirubin are also useful to decide whether a patient's jaundice is due to a disease of the liver or to blockage of bile flow.


==Treatment options==
==Treatment options==
Patients with gallbladder cancer have many treatment options. The type of treatment depends on the stage of the tumor. The options include: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of methods and palliative treatment.
Patients with gallbladder cancer have many treatment options. The type of treatment depends on the stage of the tumor. The options include: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of methods and palliative treatment.


'''Surgery''': The surgeon will select a kind of surgery for you depending on your cancer stage and overall health. Surgical procedures include the following:
'''[[Surgery]]''': The surgeon will select a kind of surgery for you depending on your cancer stage and overall health. Surgical procedures include the following:
 
:*Cholecystectomy
 
:*Radical gallbladder resection
 
:*Palliative surgery


*[[Cholecystectomy]]
*[[Radical (chemistry)|Radical]] gallbladder [[resection]]
*[[Palliative]] surgery


'''Radiation therapy''': This is a cancer treatment that kills cancer cells or keeps them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation.
'''[[Radiation therapy]]''': This is a cancer treatment that kills cancer cells or keeps them from growing by using high-energy [[x-rays]] or other types of [[radiation]].


'''[[Chemotherapy]]''': This treatment uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing.


'''Chemotherapy''': This treatment uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing.
Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and [[tissues]], side effects are common. [[Side effects]] may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.
 
Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. Side effects may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.


==Diseases with similar symptoms==
==Diseases with similar symptoms==


:*[[Hepatitis]] and liver diseases
*[[Hepatitis]] and liver diseases
 
:*[[Gallstones]], [[cholecystitis]]
 
:*[[Peptic ulcer]]


:*[[Pancreatic cancer]], [[pancreatitis]]
*[[Gallstones]], [[cholecystitis]]


==Where to find medical care for gallbladder cancer==
*[[Peptic ulcer]]


[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|angina}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Gallbladder cancer]
*[[Pancreatic cancer]], [[pancreatitis]]


==Prevention of gallbladder cancer==
==Where to find medical care for gallbladder cancer?==


Epidemiology data show the following intervention may help to reduce your risk of gallbladder cancer
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|gallbladder cancer}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Gallbladder cancer]


:*Keeping a healthy diet habit to maintain a healthy weight: It is recommended to eat 5 or more servings of a variety of vegetables and fruits each day and less rad meats.
==Prevention of Gallbladder cancer==


:*Physical activity: The American Cancer Society recommends at least 30 minutes, preferably 45 to 60 minutes, of physical activity on 5 or more days of the week.
Epidemiology data shows the following intervention may help to reduce your risk of gallbladder cancer:


==What to expect (Outook/Prognosis)==
*Keeping a healthy [[Diet (nutrition)|diet]] and maintaining a healthy [[weight]]: It is recommended by health care professionals to consume 5 or more servings of a variety of vegetables and fruits each day and limit your intake of red meats.


The prognosis is not good for most gallbladder cancer patients if the cancer is detected late. The prognosis of gallbladder cancer is not good and it depends on the following:
*Physical activity: The American Cancer Society recommends at least 30 minutes, preferably 45 to 60 minutes, of physical activity on 5 or more days of the week.


:*Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery.
==What to expect (Outook/Prognosis)?==


:*The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread outside the pancreas
The [[prognosis]] is not good for most gallbladder cancer patients if the cancer is detected in its late stages. The prognosis of gallbladder cancer also depends on the following factors:


:*The patient’s general health
*Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery
*The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread outside the gallbladder
*The patient’s general health
*Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred


:*Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred
===Medicatons to avoid===
{{MedCondContrPI


==Copyleft Sources==
|MedCond =Gallbladder cancer|Fenofibrate}}


http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Gallbladder+Cancer
==Source==
 
[http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/gallbladdercancer.html Medlineplus]
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/gallbladdercancer.html


{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
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[[Category:Patient Information]]
 
[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology patient information]]
[[Category:Oncology patient information]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Hepatology]]

Latest revision as of 16:01, 27 February 2018


For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Gallbladder cancer

Overview

What are the symptoms?

Who is at highest risk?

Diagnosis

When to seek urgent medical care?

Treatment options

Diseases with similar symptoms

Where to find medical care for Gallbladder cancer?

Prevention

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Gallbladder cancer On the Web

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

Images of Gallbladder cancer

Videos on Gallbladder cancer

FDA on Gallbladder cancer

CDC on Gallbladder cancer

Gallbladder cancer in the news

Blogs on Gallbladder cancer

Directions to Hospitals Treating Gallbladder cancer

Risk calculators and risk factors for Gallbladder cancer

Editor-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Gallbladder cancer is rare. It is more common in women and Native Americans. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ that stores bile, which is a fluid made by the liver to digest fat. When your stomach and intestines digest food, your gallbladder releases bile through a tube called the common bile duct. Symptoms of gallbladder cancer include jaundice, abdominal pain and lump, nausea, vomiting, etc. It is hard to detect gallbladder cancer early on. Possible treatments include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.

What are the symptoms of gallbladder cancer?

Because the gallbladder is located deep inside the body, your doctor cannot see or feel tumors during a routine physical exam. Therefore, it is hard to diagnose gallbladder cancer early. Sometimes, gallbladder cancers are found unexpectedly after removal of the gallbladder for other reasons, such as gallstones. As the cancer progresses, people may notice one or more symptoms as the following:

  • Jaundice: Is a yellowing of the sclera and skin. Normally, bilirubin is made in the liver and the liver excretes it into bile. Then bile goes into the intestines eventually leaving the body in the stool. Once the common bile duct becomes blocked, bile can't reach the intestines, and the level of bilirubin builds up. If the bile duct is blocked, bilirubin cannot get through to the intestines then stools may become lighter in color.
  • Abdominal pain: Experiencing abdominal pain due to gallbladder cancer is because advanced gallbladder cancer start to compress other nearby organs. The pain may be constant or it may come and go.
  • Gallbladder enlargement or lump in abdomen: Is because the cancer blocks the bile duct and bile builds up in the gallbladder to enlarge. Sometimes a doctor can feel this enlargement during the physical exam
  • Digestive problems: Patients with gallbladder cancer are unable to digest fatty foods when cancer blocks the release of the bile into the intestine. This can cause nausea and vomiting that tend to be worse after eating. Undigested fat may cause stools to be pale, bulky, and greasy.
  • Weight loss and marasmus, poor appetite: Unintended or unexpected weight loss is very common in patients with gallbladder cancer. These people also complain of being very tired and having little or no appetite.

Other health problems such as gallstones, hepatitis, and other pancreatic diseases may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell his/her doctor so that problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.

Who is at highest risk?

There are some factors that may increase the chance of acquiring gallbladder cancer. These risk factors include:

  • Gallstones: This is the most common risk factor for gallbladder cancer. It is estimated that about 75% and 90% of people with gallbladder cancer have a history of gallstones. Gallstones are the most common digestive disease in the United States, but only a small proportion of people develop gallbladder cancer.
  • Gallbladder polyps: Gallbladder polyp is caused by small gallstones or cholecystitis. Because gallbladder polyps larger than 10 millimeters are likely to develop into cancer, surgeons often recommend removing the gallbladder.
  • Family history. People with family history of gallbladder cancer have a higher probability of developing gallbladder cancer.
  • Ethnicity: Epidemiology data demonstrates that Mexican Americans and Native Americans, particularly in the southwestern United States, are more likely to develop gallbladder cancer than the general population.
  • Age: Clinical data shows most people with gallbladder cancer are older than 70.
  • Gender: Epidemiology data shows women are about twice as likely to develop gallbladder cancer as men.
  • Smoking: Smoking may increase the risk of gallbladder cancer.

When to seek urgent medical care?

Gallbladder cancer forms tumors which are very difficult to detect in the early stages. If symptoms of gallbladder cancer develop, go to see your doctor as soon as possible:

Diagnosis

It is hard to detect early forms of gallbladder cancer. Like other cancer diseases, doctors need to administer many tests to diagnose cancer and determine whether it has metastasized. For most types of cancer, a biopsy is the best way to make a definitive diagnosis of cancer. If a biopsy is not possible, other image tests are recommended such as computed tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or Positron emission tomography (PET) scan.

  • Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and biopsy: During this procedure, a thin, lighted and flexible tube is passed down your throat, through the esophagus and stomach, then into the first part of the small intestine. A small amount of contrast material is then injected through the tube into the common bile duct and x-rays are taken. The x-ray images can show narrowing or blockage of these ducts that might be due to gallbladder cancer. At the same time the doctor doing this test can also put a small brush through the tube to remove cells for a biopsy.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scan and biopsy: CT scans are often used to diagnose gallbladder cancer. It can confirm the location of the cancer and show the organs near the gallbladder, as well as lymph nodes and distant organs where the cancer might have spread. These are helpful in staging the cancer and in determining whether surgery is a good treatment option. CT scans can also be used to guide a biopsy procedure and a biopsy sample is then removed and looked at under a microscope.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): An MRI uses magnetic fields, which is a different imaging technique then the computed tomography (CT) scan and is used to produce detailed images of the body. Like computed tomography (CT), a contrast agent may be injected into a patient’s vein to create a better picture. An MRI scan takes longer to perform than a CT scan.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) scan: When doing this test, a small amount of a radioactive medium is injected into your body and absorbed by the organs or tissues. This radioactive substance gives off energy to produce the images. PET scans can provide more helpful information than CT and MRI scans. It is useful to see if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes and also useful for your doctor to locate where the cancer has spread.
  • Ultrasound: This is an atraumatic test which uses sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs. Because tumors generate different echoes of the sound waves than normal tissue, the doctor can locate a mass inside the body.
  • Blood tests: Blood tests that look at levels of different kinds of bilirubin are also useful to decide whether a patient's jaundice is due to a disease of the liver or to blockage of bile flow.

Treatment options

Patients with gallbladder cancer have many treatment options. The type of treatment depends on the stage of the tumor. The options include: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of methods and palliative treatment.

Surgery: The surgeon will select a kind of surgery for you depending on your cancer stage and overall health. Surgical procedures include the following:

Radiation therapy: This is a cancer treatment that kills cancer cells or keeps them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation.

Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing.

Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. Side effects may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.

Diseases with similar symptoms

Where to find medical care for gallbladder cancer?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Gallbladder cancer

Prevention of Gallbladder cancer

Epidemiology data shows the following intervention may help to reduce your risk of gallbladder cancer:

  • Keeping a healthy diet and maintaining a healthy weight: It is recommended by health care professionals to consume 5 or more servings of a variety of vegetables and fruits each day and limit your intake of red meats.
  • Physical activity: The American Cancer Society recommends at least 30 minutes, preferably 45 to 60 minutes, of physical activity on 5 or more days of the week.

What to expect (Outook/Prognosis)?

The prognosis is not good for most gallbladder cancer patients if the cancer is detected in its late stages. The prognosis of gallbladder cancer also depends on the following factors:

  • Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery
  • The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread outside the gallbladder
  • The patient’s general health
  • Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred

Medicatons to avoid

Patients diagnosed with Gallbladder cancer should avoid using the following medications:

  • Fenofibrate
    If you have been diagnosed with Gallbladder cancer, consult your physician before starting or stopping any of these medications.


Source

Medlineplus

Template:WH Template:WS