Portal vein thrombosis other imaging findings: Difference between revisions
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{{Portal vein thrombosis}} | {{Portal vein thrombosis}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{F.K}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on CEUS suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include pulsatile flow in a portal vein thrombus, absence of enhancement of the portal vein [[thrombus]] in the arterial phase, and differentiate between [[benign]] and [[malignant]] portal vein thrombosis. | |||
==Other Imaging Findings== | ==Other Imaging Findings== | ||
===Endoscopic US=== | ===Endoscopic Ultrasound (US)=== | ||
*Endoscopic US may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on an endoscopic US suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:<ref name="pmid2806552">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang WW, Churchill S, Churchill P |title=Developmental regulation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in rat liver and brain |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=256 |issue=1-2 |pages=71–4 |year=1989 |pmid=2806552 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14687139">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lai L, Brugge WR |title=Endoscopic ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to diagnose portal venous system thrombosis (PVST) |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=40–4 |year=2004 |pmid=14687139 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4415192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hekster RE, Matricali B, Luyendijk W |title=Presurgical transfemoral catheter embolization to reduce operative blood loss. Technical note |journal=J. Neurosurg. |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=396–8 |year=1974 |pmid=4415192 |doi=10.3171/jns.1974.41.3.0396 |url=}}</ref> | *Endoscopic US may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on an endoscopic US suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:<ref name="pmid2806552">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang WW, Churchill S, Churchill P |title=Developmental regulation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in rat liver and brain |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=256 |issue=1-2 |pages=71–4 |year=1989 |pmid=2806552 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14687139">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lai L, Brugge WR |title=Endoscopic ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to diagnose portal venous system thrombosis (PVST) |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=99 |issue=1 |pages=40–4 |year=2004 |pmid=14687139 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4415192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hekster RE, Matricali B, Luyendijk W |title=Presurgical transfemoral catheter embolization to reduce operative blood loss. Technical note |journal=J. Neurosurg. |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=396–8 |year=1974 |pmid=4415192 |doi=10.3171/jns.1974.41.3.0396 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Detecting small and non-occluding thrombi | **Detecting small and non-occluding [[thrombi]] | ||
**Discovering portal invasion by tumors | **Discovering portal invasion by tumors | ||
===MR angiography=== | ===MR angiography=== | ||
*MR angiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on MR angiography suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include: | *[[MR angiography]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on [[MR angiography]] suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:<ref name="ChawlaDuseja2009">{{cite journal|last1=Chawla|first1=Y.|last2=Duseja|first2=A.|last3=Dhiman|first3=R. K.|title=Review article: the modern management of portal vein thrombosis|journal=Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics|volume=30|issue=9|year=2009|pages=881–894|issn=02692813|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04116.x}}</ref> | ||
**Flow direction in the portal venous system and its patency | **Flow direction in the portal venous system and its patency | ||
**Identify a cavernomatous transformation | **Identify a cavernomatous transformation | ||
**Presence of varices | **Presence of [[varices]] | ||
**Correct function of surgical shunts | **Correct function of surgical shunts | ||
===Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)=== | |||
*Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on CEUS suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:<ref name="UenoKawamura2006">{{cite journal|last1=Ueno|first1=Norio|last2=Kawamura|first2=Harunobu|last3=Takahashi|first3=Hirokazu|last4=Fujisawa|first4=Nobutaka|last5=Yoneda|first5=Masato|last6=Kirikoshi|first6=Hiroyuki|last7=Sakaguchi|first7=Takashi|last8=Saito|first8=Satoru|last9=Togo|first9=Shinji|title=Characterization of Portal Vein Thrombus With the Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography|journal=Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine|volume=25|issue=9|year=2006|pages=1147–1152|issn=02784297|doi=10.7863/jum.2006.25.9.1147}}</ref><ref name="RajeshMukund2015">{{cite journal|last1=Rajesh|first1=S.|last2=Mukund|first2=Amar|last3=Arora|first3=Ankur|title=Imaging Diagnosis of Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis|journal=Gastroenterology Research and Practice|volume=2015|year=2015|pages=1–29|issn=1687-6121|doi=10.1155/2015/101029}}</ref> | |||
**[[Pulsatile flow]] in a portal vein thrombus | |||
**Absence of enhancement of the portal vein thrombus in the arterial phase | |||
**Differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis | |||
[[File:Pvt eus.PNG|400px|thumb|left|Endoscopic US showing portal vein thrombosis [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/grp/2015/101029/fig34/ source:S. Rajesh et al, Hindawi]]] | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:42, 29 December 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on CEUS suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include pulsatile flow in a portal vein thrombus, absence of enhancement of the portal vein thrombus in the arterial phase, and differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis.
Other Imaging Findings
Endoscopic Ultrasound (US)
- Endoscopic US may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on an endoscopic US suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:[1][2][3]
- Detecting small and non-occluding thrombi
- Discovering portal invasion by tumors
MR angiography
- MR angiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on MR angiography suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:[4]
- Flow direction in the portal venous system and its patency
- Identify a cavernomatous transformation
- Presence of varices
- Correct function of surgical shunts
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)
- Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis. Findings on CEUS suggestive of portal vein thrombosis include:[5][6]
- Pulsatile flow in a portal vein thrombus
- Absence of enhancement of the portal vein thrombus in the arterial phase
- Differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis
References
- ↑ Zhang WW, Churchill S, Churchill P (1989). "Developmental regulation of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in rat liver and brain". FEBS Lett. 256 (1–2): 71–4. PMID 2806552.
- ↑ Lai L, Brugge WR (2004). "Endoscopic ultrasound is a sensitive and specific test to diagnose portal venous system thrombosis (PVST)". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99 (1): 40–4. PMID 14687139.
- ↑ Hekster RE, Matricali B, Luyendijk W (1974). "Presurgical transfemoral catheter embolization to reduce operative blood loss. Technical note". J. Neurosurg. 41 (3): 396–8. doi:10.3171/jns.1974.41.3.0396. PMID 4415192.
- ↑ Chawla, Y.; Duseja, A.; Dhiman, R. K. (2009). "Review article: the modern management of portal vein thrombosis". Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 30 (9): 881–894. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04116.x. ISSN 0269-2813.
- ↑ Ueno, Norio; Kawamura, Harunobu; Takahashi, Hirokazu; Fujisawa, Nobutaka; Yoneda, Masato; Kirikoshi, Hiroyuki; Sakaguchi, Takashi; Saito, Satoru; Togo, Shinji (2006). "Characterization of Portal Vein Thrombus With the Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 25 (9): 1147–1152. doi:10.7863/jum.2006.25.9.1147. ISSN 0278-4297.
- ↑ Rajesh, S.; Mukund, Amar; Arora, Ankur (2015). "Imaging Diagnosis of Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis". Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2015: 1–29. doi:10.1155/2015/101029. ISSN 1687-6121.