Melanoma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]; Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.; Anum Ijaz M.B.B.S., M.D.[3]
Overview
The prevalence of melanoma is approximately 150-200 per 100,000 individuals. The majority of patients are diagnosed after the age of 65 years. Melanoma is more common among males and individuals of the Caucasian race. In 2025, cutaneous melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the U.S.[1], and by 2040, it is expected to become the second most common. [2]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of melanoma was 187 per 100,000 individuals in 2011.[3]
Incidence
- The delay-adjusted incidence of melanoma in 2011 was estimated to be 23.21 per 100,000 persons in the United States.[3]
- In 2011, the age-adjusted incidence of melanoma was 22.74 per 100,000 persons in the United States.[3]
- In 2025, an estimated 104,960 new cases of cutaneous melanoma are expected in the U.S., comprising 60,550 in males and 44,410 in females.[1]
Age
- While the overall age-adjusted incidence of melanoma in the United States between 2007 and 2011 is 21.3 per 100,000, the age-adjusted incidence of melanoma by age category is:[3]
- Under 65 years: 12.6 per 100,000
- 65 and over: 81.1 per 100,000
- Shown below is an image that demonstrates the delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of melanoma by age and gender in the United States between 1975 and 2011. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.[3]
Gender
- There is a slight male preponderance to the development of melanoma.
- The male to female ratio is approximately 1.2-1.6 to 1.
- Between 1999 and 2021, melanoma incidence rose by 57.5% in females and 47.4% in males based on age-adjusted rates.
- The image below shows trends in melanoma incidence by gender from 1999 to 2021.[4]
Race
- There is a racial preponderance to the development of melanoma, where Caucasian individuals are at a significantly increased risk compared to dark-skinned individuals.
- Shown below is a table that demonstrates the age-adjusted prevalence of melanoma by race in 2011 in the United States.[3]
| All Races | White | Black | Asian/Pacific Islander | Hispanic | |
| Age-adjusted prevalence | 187 per 100,000 | 234.5 per 100,000 | 7.5 per 100,000 | 11.1 per 100,000 | 37.9 per 100,000 |
- Shown below is a table that demonstrates the annual age-adjusted incidence of melanoma by race in 2024 in the United States.[2]
| Race | Asian | Black | Hispanic | Native American | Hispanic |
| Age-adjusted incidence | 1.3 per 100,000 | 1.0 per 100,000 | 4.8 per 100,000 | 10.3 per 100,000 | 30.6 per 100,000 |
- Shown below is an image depicting the trends for incidence of melanoma by race in the United States between 1999 and 2021.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Siegel RL, Kratzer TB, Giaquinto AN, Sung H, Jemal A (2025). "Cancer statistics, 2025". CA Cancer J Clin. 75 (1): 10–45. doi:10.3322/caac.21871. PMC 11745215 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 39817679 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Siegel RL, Giaquinto AN, Jemal A (2024). "Cancer statistics, 2024". CA Cancer J Clin. 74 (1): 12–49. doi:10.3322/caac.21820. PMID 38230766 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Okobi OE, Abreo E, Sams NP, Chukwuebuni OH, Tweneboa Amoako LA, Wiredu B, Uboh EE, Ekechi VC, Okafor AA (October 2024). "Trends in Melanoma Incidence, Prevalence, Stage at Diagnosis, and Survival: An Analysis of the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) Database". Cureus. 16 (10): e70697. doi:10.7759/cureus.70697. PMC 11529802 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 39493095 Check|pmid=value (help).