Incidentaloma causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Common causes of incidentaloma include adenoma, carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, massive macronodular adrenal disease, and nodular variant of Cushing’s disease. Less Common Causes include myelolipoma, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, hemangioma.
Causes
Common Causes
The common causes of incidentaloma include:[1][2]
- Adenoma (nonfunctioning, cortisol-secreting, aldosterone-secreting, and pheochromocytoma)
- Carcinoma (any adrenal hormone)
- Pheochromocytoma
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Massive macro-nodular adrenal disease
- Nodular variant of Cushing’s disease
Less Common Causes
The less common causes of incidentaloma include:[3][4][5][6][7]
- Infiltrative diseases
- Myelolipoma
- Neuroblastoma
- Ganglioneuroma
- Hemangioma
- Carcinoma
- Metastasis
- Cyst
- Hemorrhage
- Granuloma
- Amyloidosis
References
- ↑ Nieman LK (2010). "Approach to the patient with an adrenal incidentaloma". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 95 (9): 4106–13. doi:10.1210/jc.2010-0457. PMC 2936073. PMID 20823463.
- ↑ Barzon L, Sonino N, Fallo F, Palu G, Boscaro M (2003). "Prevalence and natural history of adrenal incidentalomas". Eur J Endocrinol. 149 (4): 273–85. PMID 14514341.
- ↑ Young WF (2007). "Clinical practice. The incidentally discovered adrenal mass". N Engl J Med. 356 (6): 601–10. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp065470. PMID 17287480.
- ↑ "NIH state-of-the-science statement on management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass ("incidentaloma")". NIH Consens State Sci Statements. 19 (2): 1–25. 2002. PMID 14768652.
- ↑ Mantero F, Terzolo M, Arnaldi G, Osella G, Masini AM, Alì A; et al. (2000). "A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Italian Society of Endocrinology". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 85 (2): 637–44. doi:10.1210/jcem.85.2.6372. PMID 10690869.
- ↑ Bernini G, Moretti A, Argenio G, Salvetti A (2002). "Primary aldosteronism in normokalemic patients with adrenal incidentalomas". Eur J Endocrinol. 146 (4): 523–9. PMID 11916621.
- ↑ Mansmann G, Lau J, Balk E, Rothberg M, Miyachi Y, Bornstein SR (2004). "The clinically inapparent adrenal mass: update in diagnosis and management". Endocr Rev. 25 (2): 309–40. doi:10.1210/er.2002-0031. PMID 15082524.