Distal radius fracture risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of distal radius fracture include age, female gender, and health conditions.
Risk Factors
Many distal radius fractures in people over 60 are due to osteoporosis if the fall was relatively minor such as a fall from a standing position. They can happen even in healthy bones if the trauma was severe enough such as a car accident or a fall off a bike.[1][2][3][4]
Age
- The incidence of distal radius fracture has a bimodal distribution during the life span.
- The incidence is high in the pediatric population, drops during young to middle adulthood, and increases again in older adults.
Gender
- Gender distribution curves for distal radius fracture incidence in the pediatric group indicate that boys have a higher risk of distal radius fracture than girls.
- This gender difference continues during young to middle adulthood with men aged 19-49 years having more distal radius fracture than women of the same age.
- Beyond that age, the rate of distal radius fracture increases markedly such that women older than 50 years have a 15% lifetime risk, whereas the incidence in men remains low until they reach the age of 80 years.
- Globally, injury rates remain significantly higher in elderly women as compared with elderly men.
Health conditions
- Distal radius fracture appears to occur less often in individuals with significant dementia.[5][6]
- Health conditions resulting in poor bone quality include:[7][8]
References
- ↑ Karl JW, Olson PR, Rosenwasser MP (2015). "The Epidemiology of Upper Extremity Fractures in the United States, 2009". J Orthop Trauma. 29 (8): e242–4. doi:10.1097/BOT.0000000000000312. PMID 25714441.
- ↑ Cummings SR, Black DM, Rubin SM (1989). "Lifetime risks of hip, Colles', or vertebral fracture and coronary heart disease among white postmenopausal women". Arch Intern Med. 149 (11): 2445–8. PMID 2818106.
- ↑ Court-Brown CM, Caesar B (2006). "Epidemiology of adult fractures: A review". Injury. 37 (8): 691–7. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2006.04.130. PMID 16814787.
- ↑ Baron JA, Karagas M, Barrett J, Kniffin W, Malenka D, Mayor M; et al. (1996). "Basic epidemiology of fractures of the upper and lower limb among Americans over 65 years of age". Epidemiology. 7 (6): 612–8. PMID 8899387.
- ↑ Nellans KW, Kowalski E, Chung KC (2012). "The epidemiology of distal radius fractures". Hand Clin. 28 (2): 113–25. doi:10.1016/j.hcl.2012.02.001. PMC 3345129. PMID 22554654.
- ↑ Vogt MT, Cauley JA, Tomaino MM, Stone K, Williams JR, Herndon JH (2002). "Distal radius fractures in older women: a 10-year follow-up study of descriptive characteristics and risk factors. The study of osteoporotic fractures". J Am Geriatr Soc. 50 (1): 97–103. PMID 12028253.
- ↑ Earnshaw SA, Cawte SA, Worley A, Hosking DJ (1998). "Colles' fracture of the wrist as an indicator of underlying osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: a prospective study of bone mineral density and bone turnover rate". Osteoporos Int. 8 (1): 53–60. doi:10.1007/s001980050048. PMID 9692078.
- ↑ Mallmin H, Ljunghall S (1994). "Distal radius fracture is an early sign of general osteoporosis: bone mass measurements in a population-based study". Osteoporos Int. 4 (6): 357–61. PMID 7696833.