Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis}}
{{Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis}}
Please help WikiDoc by adding content here. It's easy!  Click  [[Help:How_to_Edit_a_Page|here]] to learn about editing.
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AL}}
 
==Overview==
Secondary prevention for tuberculosis includes methods for screening and early diagnosis, such as [[tuberculin skin test]] (TST) and [[IGRAs]]; and to guarantee the correct treatment regimen at the right time to prevent disease progression.
 
==Secondary Prevention==
 
===Screening===
{{further|[[Tuberculosis screening]]}}
 
=====Tuberculin Skin Test=====
*Children with close contact with a TB confirmed case should be evaluated for tuberculosis infection.
*[[TST]] is the test of choice for screening for tuberculosis infection.
 
====Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs)====
*IGRA can be used in place of (but not in addition to) TST in screening for [[M. tuberculosis]] infection in the following conditions:<ref name="CDC TST">{{cite web|url= http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/testing/IGRA.htm|title= CDC Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) - Blood Tests for TB Infection }}</ref>
:*A patient have received BCG vaccination
:*Groups that historically have poor rates of return for TST reading.
*TST preferred compared to IGRA for TB screening due to its low cost and high accessibility.<ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Hong-Van Tieu]], [[Piyarat Suntarattiwong]], [[Thanyawee Puthanakit]], [[Tawee Chotpitayasunondh]], [[Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit]], [[Sunee Sirivichayakul]], [[Supranee Buranapraditkun]], [[Patcharawee Rungrojrat]], [[Nitiya Chomchey]], [[Simon Tsiouris]], [[Scott Hammer]], [[Vijay Nandi]] & [[Jintanat Ananworanich]]
| title = Comparing interferon-gamma release assays to tuberculin skin test in thai children with tuberculosis exposure
| journal = [[PloS one]]
| volume = 9
| issue = 8
| pages = e105003
| year = 2014
| month =
| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0105003
| pmid = 25121513
}}</ref>
 
===Early Diagnosis===
*Early detection of tuberculosis disease is important to give treatment at the appropriate time and prevent complications.
*All patients should be routinely asked about:<ref name="CDC Guidelines"> {{cite web| url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5417a1.htm?s_cid=rr5417a1_e | title=CDC Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005}} </ref>
:* History of TB exposure, infection, or disease
:* Symptoms or signs of TB disease
:* Medical conditions that increase their risk for TB disease
*Patients with the following characteristics should be tested for tuberculosis:<ref name="CDC Guidelines"> {{cite web| url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5417a1.htm?s_cid=rr5417a1_e | title=CDC Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005}} </ref>
:* [[Cough]] for ≥3 weeks
:* [[Loss of appetite]]
:* Unexplained [[weight loss]]
:* [[Night sweats]]
:* [[Hemoptysis]]
:* [[Hoarseness]]
:* [[Fever]]
:* [[Fatigue]]
:* [[Chest pain]]
:* Patient from an endemic area of TB
 
===Prompt Treatment===
*Empiric therapy should be started as soon as a patient has tuberculosis disease confirmed.
*Sputum specimens should be sent for culture and [[DST]] before starting treatment.
 
 
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]

Revision as of 22:03, 29 September 2014

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention

CDC on Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention in the news

Blogs on Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention

Directions to Hospitals Treating Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis secondary prevention

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]

Overview

Secondary prevention for tuberculosis includes methods for screening and early diagnosis, such as tuberculin skin test (TST) and IGRAs; and to guarantee the correct treatment regimen at the right time to prevent disease progression.

Secondary Prevention

Screening

Further information: [[:Tuberculosis screening]]
Tuberculin Skin Test
  • Children with close contact with a TB confirmed case should be evaluated for tuberculosis infection.
  • TST is the test of choice for screening for tuberculosis infection.

Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs)

  • IGRA can be used in place of (but not in addition to) TST in screening for M. tuberculosis infection in the following conditions:[1]
  • A patient have received BCG vaccination
  • Groups that historically have poor rates of return for TST reading.
  • TST preferred compared to IGRA for TB screening due to its low cost and high accessibility.[2]

Early Diagnosis

  • Early detection of tuberculosis disease is important to give treatment at the appropriate time and prevent complications.
  • All patients should be routinely asked about:[3]
  • History of TB exposure, infection, or disease
  • Symptoms or signs of TB disease
  • Medical conditions that increase their risk for TB disease
  • Patients with the following characteristics should be tested for tuberculosis:[3]

Prompt Treatment

  • Empiric therapy should be started as soon as a patient has tuberculosis disease confirmed.
  • Sputum specimens should be sent for culture and DST before starting treatment.


References

  1. ↑ "CDC Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) - Blood Tests for TB Infection".
  2. ↑ Hong-Van Tieu, Piyarat Suntarattiwong, Thanyawee Puthanakit, Tawee Chotpitayasunondh, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Supranee Buranapraditkun, Patcharawee Rungrojrat, Nitiya Chomchey, Simon Tsiouris, Scott Hammer, Vijay Nandi & Jintanat Ananworanich (2014). "Comparing interferon-gamma release assays to tuberculin skin test in thai children with tuberculosis exposure". PloS one. 9 (8): e105003. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105003. PMID 25121513.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "CDC Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005".

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Multi-drug-resistant_tuberculosis_secondary_prevention&oldid=1028090"