Macrocytic anemia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Macrocytic anemia}} | {{Macrocytic anemia}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{shyam}} {{AE}} {{OK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
History may include higher [[MCV]] specially in [[neonates]] and [[infants]], [[alcohol]] use, [[medications]] (eg, [[anticonvulsants]], [[zidovudine]], [[immunosuppressive]] agents), [[congenital heart disease]], [[Down syndrome]], [[reticulocytosis]], [[bone marrow failure]]/[[dysplasia]], [[liver disease]], [[thyroid disease]], [[hemolytic anemias]] with [[reticulocytosis]] and [[myelodysplastic syndromes]] (MDS). [[Macrocytosis]] is a common feature of [[MDS]], especially in older adults. Patients with [[B12 deficiency]] show neurologic dysfunction, [[anemia]] symptoms such as [[fatigue]], [[dyspnea]], [[lightheadedness]], and [[anorexia]], [[high output cardiac failure]], [[angina]], [[diarrhea]], [[cheilosis]], [[glossitis]], [[Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord|subacute combined degeneration]], broad based [[gait]], [[ataxia]], [[numbness]] or [[paresthesias]], Rhomberg and Babinski’s sign. | |||
==History and Symptoms== | |||
===History<ref name="pmid17972890">{{cite journal |vauthors=Christensen RD, Jopling J, Henry E, Wiedmeier SE |title=The erythrocyte indices of neonates, defined using data from over 12,000 patients in a multihospital health care system |journal=J Perinatol |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=24–8 |date=January 2008 |pmid=17972890 |doi=10.1038/sj.jp.7211852 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid758417">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dallman PR, Siimes MA |title=Percentile curves for hemoglobin and red cell volume in infancy and childhood |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=26–31 |date=January 1979 |pmid=758417 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1534402">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pappo AS, Fields BW, Buchanan GR |title=Etiology of red blood cell macrocytosis during childhood: impact of new diseases and therapies |journal=Pediatrics |volume=89 |issue=6 Pt 1 |pages=1063–7 |date=June 1992 |pmid=1534402 |doi= |url=}}</ref>=== | |||
* Patient age: [[MCV]] is higher in [[neonates]] and [[infants]]<ref name="pmid1534402">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pappo AS, Fields BW, Buchanan GR |title=Etiology of red blood cell macrocytosis during childhood: impact of new diseases and therapies |journal=Pediatrics |volume=89 |issue=6 Pt 1 |pages=1063–7 |date=June 1992 |pmid=1534402 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16988104">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aslinia F, Mazza JJ, Yale SH |title=Megaloblastic anemia and other causes of macrocytosis |journal=Clin Med Res |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=236–41 |date=September 2006 |pmid=16988104 |pmc=1570488 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
* [[Alcohol]] | |||
* Medications (eg, [[Anticonvulsant|anticonvulsants]], [[zidovudine]], [[immunosuppressive]] agents) | |||
* [[Congenital heart disease]] | |||
* [[Down syndrome]] | |||
* [[Reticulocytosis]] | |||
* [[Bone marrow failure]]/[[dysplasia]] | |||
* [[Liver disease]], [[thyroid disease]] | |||
* [[Hemolytic anemias]] with [[reticulocytosis]] and [[myelodysplastic syndromes]] (MDS) | |||
* [[Macrocytosis]] is a common feature of [[Myelodysplastic syndrome|MDS]], especially in older adults | |||
===Symptoms<ref name="pmid8546042">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davenport J |title=Macrocytic anemia |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=155–62 |date=January 1996 |pmid=8546042 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7669657">{{cite journal |vauthors=Anttila P, Ihalainen J, Salo A, Heiskanen M, Juvonen E, Palotie A |title=Idiopathic macrocytic anaemia in the aged: molecular and cytogenetic findings |journal=Br. J. Haematol. |volume=90 |issue=4 |pages=797–803 |date=August 1995 |pmid=7669657 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21704372">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rauw J, Wells RA, Chesney A, Reis M, Zhang L, Buckstein R |title=Validation of a scoring system to establish the probability of myelodysplastic syndrome in patients with unexplained cytopenias or macrocytosis |journal=Leuk. Res. |volume=35 |issue=10 |pages=1335–8 |date=October 2011 |pmid=21704372 |doi=10.1016/j.leukres.2011.05.001 |url=}}</ref>=== | |||
* Neurologic dysfunction from [[vitamin B12 deficiency|B12 deficiency]] | |||
* [[Fatigue]] | |||
* [[Dyspnea]] | |||
* [[Lightheadedness]] | |||
* [[Anorexia]] | |||
* [[High output cardiac failure]] | |||
* [[Angina]] | |||
* [[Diarrhea]] | |||
* [[cheilosis|Cheilosis]] | |||
* [[glossitis|Glossitis]] | |||
* [[Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord|Subacute combined degeneration]] | |||
* Broad based [[gait]] | |||
* [[Ataxia]] | |||
* [[Numbness]] or [[paresthesias]] | |||
* Rhomberg and Babinski’s sign | |||
* [[Dementia]] may progress to frank “megaloblastic madness” | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]
Overview
History may include higher MCV specially in neonates and infants, alcohol use, medications (eg, anticonvulsants, zidovudine, immunosuppressive agents), congenital heart disease, Down syndrome, reticulocytosis, bone marrow failure/dysplasia, liver disease, thyroid disease, hemolytic anemias with reticulocytosis and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Macrocytosis is a common feature of MDS, especially in older adults. Patients with B12 deficiency show neurologic dysfunction, anemia symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, lightheadedness, and anorexia, high output cardiac failure, angina, diarrhea, cheilosis, glossitis, subacute combined degeneration, broad based gait, ataxia, numbness or paresthesias, Rhomberg and Babinski’s sign.
History and Symptoms
History[1][2][3]
- Patient age: MCV is higher in neonates and infants[3][4]
- Alcohol
- Medications (eg, anticonvulsants, zidovudine, immunosuppressive agents)
- Congenital heart disease
- Down syndrome
- Reticulocytosis
- Bone marrow failure/dysplasia
- Liver disease, thyroid disease
- Hemolytic anemias with reticulocytosis and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
- Macrocytosis is a common feature of MDS, especially in older adults
Symptoms[5][6][7]
- Neurologic dysfunction from B12 deficiency
- Fatigue
- Dyspnea
- Lightheadedness
- Anorexia
- High output cardiac failure
- Angina
- Diarrhea
- Cheilosis
- Glossitis
- Subacute combined degeneration
- Broad based gait
- Ataxia
- Numbness or paresthesias
- Rhomberg and Babinski’s sign
- Dementia may progress to frank “megaloblastic madness”
References
- ↑ Christensen RD, Jopling J, Henry E, Wiedmeier SE (January 2008). "The erythrocyte indices of neonates, defined using data from over 12,000 patients in a multihospital health care system". J Perinatol. 28 (1): 24–8. doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211852. PMID 17972890.
- ↑ Dallman PR, Siimes MA (January 1979). "Percentile curves for hemoglobin and red cell volume in infancy and childhood". J. Pediatr. 94 (1): 26–31. PMID 758417.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pappo AS, Fields BW, Buchanan GR (June 1992). "Etiology of red blood cell macrocytosis during childhood: impact of new diseases and therapies". Pediatrics. 89 (6 Pt 1): 1063–7. PMID 1534402.
- ↑ Aslinia F, Mazza JJ, Yale SH (September 2006). "Megaloblastic anemia and other causes of macrocytosis". Clin Med Res. 4 (3): 236–41. PMC 1570488. PMID 16988104.
- ↑ Davenport J (January 1996). "Macrocytic anemia". Am Fam Physician. 53 (1): 155–62. PMID 8546042.
- ↑ Anttila P, Ihalainen J, Salo A, Heiskanen M, Juvonen E, Palotie A (August 1995). "Idiopathic macrocytic anaemia in the aged: molecular and cytogenetic findings". Br. J. Haematol. 90 (4): 797–803. PMID 7669657.
- ↑ Rauw J, Wells RA, Chesney A, Reis M, Zhang L, Buckstein R (October 2011). "Validation of a scoring system to establish the probability of myelodysplastic syndrome in patients with unexplained cytopenias or macrocytosis". Leuk. Res. 35 (10): 1335–8. doi:10.1016/j.leukres.2011.05.001. PMID 21704372.