Γ-interferon activated sequence gene transcriptions

Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Henry A. Hoff

"To ascertain whether one or both of these two ALS-GAS sites were functionally important for GH stimulation of ALS promoter activity, plasmids containing block mutations of either ALS-GAS1 [...] or ALS-GAS2 [...] were prepared in the context of the luciferase construct retaining full responsiveness to GH [...], and transfected into H4-II-E cells [...]. Mutation of the ALS-GAS1 element abolished the ability of the promoter to respond to GH [...]; mutation of the ALS-GAS2 element was without effect. Thus, an intact ALS-GAS1 element is necessary for GH stimulation of ALS promoter activity."^[1]

Human genes

Interactions

Consensus sequences

"Computer analysis of the nt −653 to nt −483 region identified two sites that resemble the [γ-interferon activated sequence] GAS consensus sequence, TTNCNNNAA (19). Similar GAS-like sites have been shown to mediate the effects of various cytokines, including [growth hormone] GH, on the transcription of other genes (19, 20). The first site, TTCCTAGAA (ALS-GAS1), is located between nt −633 and nt −625; the second site, TTAGACAAA (ALS-GAS2), is located between nt −553 and nt −545."^[1]

Hypotheses

A1BG has no GASes in either promoter.
A1BG is not transcribed by a GAS.
GAS does not participate in the transcription of A1BG.

Samplings

Comparison of GAS-Like Elements Shown to Mediate the Effect of GH on Chromosomal Genes:^[1]
Name of element	Sequence	Preferred STAT	Gene and reference
Spi-GLE1	TTC TGA GAA	STAT5	Rat Spi 2.1 (27)
INS-GLE	TTC TGG GAA	STAT5	Rat insulin (29)
CYPGHRE	TTC CTG GAA	STAT5	Hamster CYP3A10/6β (30)
ALS-GAS1	TTC CTA GAA	STAT5	Mouse ALS (this study)
SIE	TTC CCG TAA	STAT1 and 3	Rat c-fos (22,57–59)
m67	TTC CCG TCA	STAT1 and 3	Optimized c-fos SIE (22)

Copying a responsive elements consensus sequence AAAAAAAA and putting the sequence in "⌘F" finds none between ZNF497 and A1BG or none between ZSCAN22 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs.

For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence AAAAAAAA (starting with SuccessablesAAA.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:

negative strand, negative direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
negative strand, positive direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
positive strand, negative direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
positive strand, positive direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
complement, negative strand, negative direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
complement, negative strand, positive direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
complement, positive strand, negative direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
complement, positive strand, positive direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction, looking for TTTTTTTT, 0.
inverse negative strand, negative direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
inverse negative strand, positive direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
inverse positive strand, negative direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.
inverse positive strand, positive direction, looking for AAAAAAAA, 0.

AAA core promoters

AAA proximal promoters

AAA distal promoters

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: Henry A. Hoff.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Guck T. Ooi, Kelley R. Hurst, Matthew N. Poy, Matthew M. Rechler, Yves R. Boisclair (1 May 1998). "Binding of STAT5a and STAT5b to a Single Element Resembling a γ-Interferon-Activated Sequence Mediates the Growth Hormone Induction of the Mouse Acid-Labile Subunit Promoter in Liver Cells". Molecular Endocrinology. 12 (5): 675–687. doi:10.1210/mend.12.5.0115. PMID 9605930. Retrieved 9 September 2020.

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Hybrid C, T boxes Hypoxia-inducible factor gene transcriptions Hypoxia response elements I box gene transcriptions Initiator element gene transcriptions Initiator-like element gene transcriptions Inositol/choline-responsive elements Interaction gene transcriptions Interferon regulatory factors Inverse copy gene transcriptions Jasmonic acid-responsive element gene transcriptions K-boxes Kozak sequence gene transcriptions Kruppel-associated box gene transcriptions Krüppel-like factor gene transcriptions L box gene transcriptions Leu3 gene transcriptions M35 box gene transcriptions MADS box gene transcriptions Maf recognition element gene transcriptions M box gene transcriptions Mcm1 regulatory factor gene transcriptions Met31p box gene transcriptions Metal responsive element gene transcriptions Middle sporulation element gene transcriptions Mig1p gene transcriptions Model samplings Motif ten element gene transcriptions Msn2,4p gene transcriptions Musashi binding element gene transcriptions MYB recognition element gene transcriptions Myelocytomatosis transcription factor gene transcriptions Myocyte enhancer factor gene transcriptions N-boxes Ndt80p gene transcriptions Nuclear factor 1 Nuclear factor 𝜿B Nuclear factor gene transcriptions Nuclear factor of activated T cell gene transcriptions (NFAT) Nuclear factor Y gene transcriptions Nutrient-sensing response element gene transcriptions Oaf1p gene transcriptions ORE1 binding site gene transcriptions p53 response element gene transcriptions P63 DNA-binding site gene transcriptions P box gene transcriptions Pdr1,3p gene transcriptions Peroxisome proliferator hormone response element gene transcriptions Phosphate starvation-response transcription factor gene transcriptions Pollen1 element gene transcriptions Polycomb response element gene transcriptions Preinitiation complex Preinitiation complex gene transcriptions Pribnow box gene transcriptions Prolamin box gene transcriptions Promoter gene transcriptions Proximal promoter gene transcriptions Promoter occurrence gene transcriptions Pyrimidine box gene transcriptions Q element gene transcriptions Rap1 regulatory factor gene transcriptions Reb1 general regulatory factor gene transcriptions Retinoblastoma control element gene transcriptions Retinoic acid response element gene transcriptions Rgt1p gene transcriptions Rlm1p gene transcriptions RNA polymerase II gene transcriptions RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex Root specific element gene transcriptions ROR-response element gene transcriptions Rox1p gene transcriptions Rpn4p gene transcriptions R response element gene transcriptions SARE gene transcriptions Seed-specific element gene transcriptions Serum response element gene transcriptions Servenius sequence gene transcriptions Shoot specific element gene transcriptions Sip4p gene transcriptions Smp1p gene transcriptions Sp1 gene transcriptions Spaceflight gene expressions Specificity protein gene transcriptions STAT gene transcriptions Ste12p gene transcriptions Sterol response element gene transcriptions Sucrose box gene transcriptions Synaptic Activity-Responsive Elements TACTAAC box gene transcriptions TAGteam gene transcriptions Tapetum box gene transcriptions TATA binding protein associated factor gene transcriptions TATA binding protein gene transcriptions TATA box gene transcriptions TAT box gene transcriptions TATC box gene transcriptions Tbf1 regulatory factor gene transcriptions T box gene transcriptions TCCACCATA element gene transcriptions TC element gene transcriptions TCT gene transcriptions TEA consensus sequence gene transcriptions Tec1p gene transcriptions Telomeric repeat DNA-binding factor gene transcriptions Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response element gene transcriptions TGF-β control elements (TCEs) TGF-β inhibitory elements (TIEs) Thyroid hormone response element gene transcriptions Transcriptional regulation Transcription bubble gene transcriptions Transcription factor gene transcriptions Transcription factor 3 gene transcriptions Transcription factory gene transcriptions Transcription start site gene transcriptions Translational control sequence gene transcriptions U box gene transcriptions Unfolded protein response element gene transcriptions Upstream response element gene transcriptions Upstream stimulatory factor gene transcriptions UTR promoter gene transcriptions V and P box gene transcriptions V box gene transcriptions Vhr1p gene transcriptions Vitamin D response element gene transcriptions W box gene transcriptions X box gene transcriptions Xbp1p gene transcriptions X core promoter element gene transcriptions Xenobiotic response element gene transcriptions Xenobiotic responsive element gene transcriptions Yap1p,2p gene transcriptions Y box gene transcriptions YY1 gene transcriptions Zap1p gene transcriptions Z box gene transcriptions Zinc responsive element gene transcriptions