Enterococcus faecalis: Difference between revisions

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==Treatment==
==Treatment==
===Antimicrobial Regimen===
===Antimicrobial Regimen===


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:* Urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, wound infection
:* Urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, wound infection
::* Preferred regimen:
::* Preferred regimen:
 
==Prophylaxis==
===Antimicrobial Regimen===
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Infectious Disease Project]]
==Gallery==
==Gallery==



Revision as of 15:18, 24 June 2015

Enterococcus faecalis
Enterococcus faecalis as viewed through a scanning electron microscope
Enterococcus faecalis as viewed through a scanning electron microscope
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Enterococcaceae
Genus: Enterococcus
Species: E. faecalis
Binomial name
Enterococcus faecalis
(Orla-Jensen 1919)
Schleifer & Kilpper-Bälz 1984

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals.[1] Like other species in the genus Enterococcus, E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections in humans, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) environment: the naturally high levels of antibiotic resistance found in E. faecalis contribute to its pathogenicity.[1]

Pathogenesis

E. faecalis can cause endocarditis, as well as bladder, prostate, and epididymal infections; nervous system infections are less common.[1][2]

E. faecalis is resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents (aminoglycosides, aztreonam, cephalosporins, clindamycin, the semi-synthetic penicillins nafcillin and oxacillin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Exposure to cephalosporins is a particularly important risk factor for colonization and infection with enterococci.

Historical

Prior to 1984, enterococci were members of the genus Streptococcus: thus E. faecalis was known as Streptococcus faecalis.[3]

Treatment

Antimicrobial Regimen

  • Enterococcus faecalis
  • Bacteremia, catheter-related infection
  • Preferred regimen:
  • Endocarditis
  • Preferred regimen:
  • Meningitis
  • Preferred regimen:
  • Urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal infection, wound infection
  • Preferred regimen:

Prophylaxis

Antimicrobial Regimen

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed. ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 294&ndash, 5. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
  2. Pelletier LL (1996). Microbiology of the Circulatory System. in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al, eds.) (4th ed. ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
  3. Schleifer KH; Kilpper-Balz R (1984). "Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the genus Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb. nov. and Enterococcus faecium comb. nov". Int. J. Sys. Bacteriol. 34: 31&ndash, 34.

Gallery

References

External links